#![allow(dead_code)] #![allow(clippy::all)] use std::{ cell::{Cell, RefCell}, ops::Range, }; use hbvm::Vm; use crate::{ ident::{self, Ident}, parser::{idfl, ExprRef, FileId, Pos}, HashMap, }; use { crate::{ instrs, lexer, log, parser::{self}, }, std::rc::Rc, }; use {lexer::TokenKind as T, parser::Expr as E}; type FuncId = u32; type Reg = u8; type Type = u32; type GlobalId = u32; const VM_STACK_SIZE: usize = 1024 * 1024 * 2; fn align_up(value: u64, align: u64) -> u64 { (value + align - 1) & !(align - 1) } struct ItemId { file: FileId, expr: parser::ExprRef, id: u32, } #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)] struct LinReg(Reg, Rc>); #[cfg(debug_assertions)] impl Drop for LinReg { fn drop(&mut self) { self.1.borrow_mut().free(self.0) } } struct Stack { offset: u64, size: u64, alloc: Cell>>>, } impl std::fmt::Debug for Stack { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result { f.debug_struct("Stack") .field("offset", &self.offset) .field("size", &self.size) .finish() } } impl PartialEq for Stack { fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool { self.offset == other.offset && self.size == other.size } } impl Eq for Stack {} impl Stack { fn leak(&self) { self.alloc.set(None); } } impl Drop for Stack { fn drop(&mut self) { if let Some(f) = self.alloc.get_mut().as_mut() { f.borrow_mut().free(self.offset, self.size) } } } #[derive(Default, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)] struct StackAlloc { ranges: Vec>, height: u64, } impl StackAlloc { fn alloc(&mut self, size: u64) -> (u64, u64) { if let Some((index, range)) = self .ranges .iter_mut() .enumerate() .filter(|(_, range)| range.end - range.start >= size) .min_by_key(|(_, range)| range.end - range.start) { let offset = range.start; range.start += size; if range.start == range.end { self.ranges.swap_remove(index); } return (offset, size); } let offset = self.height; self.height += size; (offset, size) } fn free(&mut self, offset: u64, size: u64) { let range = offset..offset + size; // FIXME: we do more wor then we need to, rather we keep the sequence sorted and only scan // element before and after the modified range self.ranges.push(range); self.ranges.sort_by_key(|range| range.start); self.ranges.dedup_by(|b, a| { if a.end == b.start { a.end = b.end; true } else { false } }); } fn clear(&mut self) { assert!(self.ranges.len() <= 1, "{:?}", self.ranges); self.ranges.clear(); self.height = 0; } } #[derive(Default, Debug)] enum Ctx { #[default] None, Inferred(Type), Dest(Value), DestUntyped(Loc), } impl Ctx { fn ty(&self) -> Option { Some(match self { Self::Inferred(ty) => *ty, Self::Dest(Value { ty, .. }) => *ty, _ => return None, }) } fn loc(self) -> Option { Some(match self { Self::Dest(Value { loc, .. }) => loc, Self::DestUntyped(loc, ..) => loc, _ => return None, }) } } mod traps { macro_rules! traps { ($($name:ident;)*) => {$( pub const $name: u64 = ${index(0)}; )*}; } traps! { MAKE_STRUCT; } } pub mod bt { use super::*; const fn array_to_lower_case(array: [u8; N]) -> [u8; N] { let mut result = [0; N]; let mut i = 0; while i < N { result[i] = array[i].to_ascii_lowercase(); i += 1; } result } // const string to lower case macro_rules! builtin_type { ($($name:ident;)*) => { $(pub const $name: Type = ${index(0)};)* mod __lc_names { use super::*; $(pub const $name: &[u8] = &array_to_lower_case(unsafe { *(stringify!($name).as_ptr() as *const [u8; stringify!($name).len()]) });)* } pub fn from_str(name: &str) -> Option { match name.as_bytes() { $(__lc_names::$name => Some($name),)* _ => None, } } pub fn to_str(ty: Type) -> &'static str { match ty { $(${index(0)} => unsafe { std::str::from_utf8_unchecked(__lc_names::$name) },)* v => unreachable!("invalid type: {}", v), } } }; } builtin_type! { UNDECLARED; NEVER; VOID; TYPE; BOOL; U8; U16; U32; UINT; I8; I16; I32; INT; } pub fn is_signed(ty: Type) -> bool { (I8..=INT).contains(&ty) } pub fn is_unsigned(ty: Type) -> bool { (U8..=UINT).contains(&ty) } pub fn strip_pointer(ty: Type) -> Type { match TypeKind::from_ty(ty) { TypeKind::Pointer(_) => INT, _ => ty, } } pub fn is_pointer(ty: Type) -> bool { matches!(TypeKind::from_ty(ty), TypeKind::Pointer(_)) } pub fn try_upcast(oa: Type, ob: Type) -> Option { let (oa, ob) = (oa.min(ob), oa.max(ob)); let (a, b) = (strip_pointer(oa), strip_pointer(ob)); Some(match () { _ if oa == ob => oa, _ if is_signed(a) && is_signed(b) || is_unsigned(a) && is_unsigned(b) => ob, _ if is_unsigned(a) && is_signed(b) && a - U8 < b - I8 => ob, _ => return None, }) } } macro_rules! type_kind { ($name:ident {$( $variant:ident, )*}) => { #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)] enum $name { $($variant(Type),)* } impl $name { const FLAG_BITS: u32 = (${count($variant)} as u32).next_power_of_two().ilog2(); const FLAG_OFFSET: u32 = std::mem::size_of::() as u32 * 8 - Self::FLAG_BITS; const INDEX_MASK: u32 = (1 << (32 - Self::FLAG_BITS)) - 1; fn from_ty(ty: Type) -> Self { let (flag, index) = (ty >> Self::FLAG_OFFSET, ty & Self::INDEX_MASK); match flag { $(${index(0)} => Self::$variant(index),)* _ => unreachable!(), } } const fn encode(self) -> Type { let (index, flag) = match self { $(Self::$variant(index) => (index, ${index(0)}),)* }; (flag << Self::FLAG_OFFSET) | index } } }; } type_kind! { TypeKind { Builtin, Struct, Pointer, Func, Global, Module, } } impl Default for TypeKind { fn default() -> Self { Self::Builtin(bt::UNDECLARED) } } const STACK_PTR: Reg = 254; const ZERO: Reg = 0; const RET_ADDR: Reg = 31; struct Reloc { id: Type, offset: u32, instr_offset: u16, size: u16, } #[derive(Default)] pub struct Block { code: Vec, relocs: Vec, } impl Block { pub fn extend(&mut self, bytes: &[u8]) { self.code.extend_from_slice(bytes); } pub fn offset(&mut self, id: FuncId, instr_offset: u16, size: u16) { self.relocs.push(Reloc { id: TypeKind::Func(id).encode(), offset: self.code.len() as u32, instr_offset, size, }); } fn encode(&mut self, (len, instr): (usize, [u8; instrs::MAX_SIZE])) { let name = instrs::NAMES[instr[0] as usize]; log::dbg!( "{:08x}: {}: {}", self.code.len(), name, instr .iter() .take(len) .skip(1) .map(|b| format!("{:02x}", b)) .collect::() ); self.code.extend_from_slice(&instr[..len]); } fn short_cut_bin_op(&mut self, dest: Reg, src: Reg, imm: u64) -> bool { if imm == 0 && dest != src { self.encode(instrs::cp(dest, src)); } imm != 0 } fn addi64(&mut self, dest: Reg, src: Reg, imm: u64) { if self.short_cut_bin_op(dest, src, imm) { self.encode(instrs::addi64(dest, src, imm)); } } fn call(&mut self, func: FuncId) { self.offset(func, 3, 4); self.encode(instrs::jal(RET_ADDR, ZERO, 0)); } fn ret(&mut self) { self.encode(instrs::jala(ZERO, RET_ADDR, 0)); } fn prelude(&mut self) { self.encode(instrs::jal(RET_ADDR, ZERO, 0)); self.encode(instrs::tx()); } fn relocate(&mut self, labels: &[Func], globals: &[Global], shift: i64, skip: usize) { for reloc in self.relocs.iter().skip(skip) { let offset = match TypeKind::from_ty(reloc.id) { TypeKind::Func(id) => labels[id as usize].offset, TypeKind::Global(id) => globals[id as usize].offset, v => unreachable!("invalid reloc: {:?}", v), }; let offset = if reloc.size == 8 { reloc.offset as i64 } else { offset as i64 - reloc.offset as i64 } + shift; write_reloc( &mut self.code, reloc.offset as usize + reloc.instr_offset as usize, offset, reloc.size, ); } } fn append(&mut self, data: &mut Block, code_offset: usize, reloc_offset: usize) { for reloc in &mut data.relocs[reloc_offset..] { reloc.offset += self.code.len() as u32; reloc.offset -= code_offset as u32; } self.relocs.extend(data.relocs.drain(reloc_offset..)); self.code.extend(data.code.drain(code_offset..)); } } fn write_reloc(doce: &mut [u8], offset: usize, value: i64, size: u16) { debug_assert!(size <= 8); debug_assert!(size.is_power_of_two()); debug_assert!( doce[offset..offset + size as usize].iter().all(|&b| b == 0), "{:?}", &doce[offset..offset + size as usize] ); let value = value.to_ne_bytes(); doce[offset..offset + size as usize].copy_from_slice(&value[..size as usize]); } #[derive(Default, PartialEq, Eq)] pub struct RegAlloc { free: Vec, max_used: Reg, } impl std::fmt::Debug for RegAlloc { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result { f.debug_struct("RegAlloc").finish() } } impl RegAlloc { fn init_callee(&mut self) { self.free.clear(); self.free.extend((32..=253).rev()); self.max_used = RET_ADDR; } fn allocate(&mut self) -> Reg { let reg = self.free.pop().expect("TODO: we need to spill"); self.max_used = self.max_used.max(reg); reg } fn free(&mut self, reg: Reg) { self.free.push(reg); } fn pushed_size(&self) -> usize { ((self.max_used as usize).saturating_sub(RET_ADDR as usize) + 1) * 8 } } #[derive(Clone)] struct Func { offset: u32, relocs: u32, args: Rc<[Type]>, ret: Type, } struct Variable { id: Ident, value: Value, } struct RetReloc { offset: u32, instr_offset: u16, size: u16, } struct Loop { var_count: usize, offset: u32, relocs: Vec, } struct Struct { fields: Rc<[(Rc, Type)]>, } struct TypeDisplay<'a> { codegen: &'a Codegen, ty: Type, } impl<'a> TypeDisplay<'a> { fn new(codegen: &'a Codegen, ty: Type) -> Self { Self { codegen, ty } } fn rety(&self, ty: Type) -> Self { Self::new(self.codegen, ty) } } impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for TypeDisplay<'a> { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result { use TypeKind as TK; match TK::from_ty(self.ty) { TK::Module(idx) => write!(f, "module{}", idx), TK::Builtin(ty) => write!(f, "{}", bt::to_str(ty)), TK::Pointer(ty) => { write!(f, "^{}", self.rety(self.codegen.pointers[ty as usize])) } _ if let Some((key, _)) = self.codegen.symbols.iter().find(|(_, &ty)| ty == self.ty) && let Some(name) = self.codegen.files[key.file as usize] .exprs() .iter() .find_map(|expr| match expr { E::BinOp { left: &E::Ident { name, id, .. }, op: T::Decl, .. } if id == key.id => Some(name), _ => None, }) => { write!(f, "{name}") } TK::Struct(idx) => { let record = &self.codegen.structs[idx as usize]; write!(f, "{{")?; for (i, &(ref name, ty)) in record.fields.iter().enumerate() { if i != 0 { write!(f, ", ")?; } write!(f, "{}: {}", name, self.rety(ty))?; } write!(f, "}}") } TK::Func(idx) => write!(f, "fn{}", idx), TK::Global(idx) => write!(f, "global{}", idx), } } } struct Global { code: u32, offset: u32, dep: GlobalId, ty: Type, } #[derive(Default)] struct Linked { globals: usize, relocs: usize, } #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] struct SymKey { id: Ident, file: FileId, } #[derive(Default)] pub struct Codegen { cf: parser::Ast, cf_id: FileId, ret: Type, ret_reg: Option, cur_item: TypeKind, gpa: Rc>, sa: Rc>, ret_relocs: Vec, loops: Vec, vars: Vec, to_generate: Vec, code: Block, data: Block, symbols: HashMap, funcs: Vec, globals: Vec, structs: Vec, pointers: Vec, pub files: Vec, vm: Vm, stack: Vec, linked: Linked, } impl Codegen { fn with_cached_progress(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self)) { let ret = std::mem::take(&mut self.ret); let ret_reg = std::mem::take(&mut self.ret_reg); let cur_item = std::mem::take(&mut self.cur_item); let gpa = std::mem::take(&mut *self.gpa.borrow_mut()); let sa = std::mem::take(&mut *self.sa.borrow_mut()); let ret_relocs = self.ret_relocs.len(); let loops = self.loops.len(); let vars = self.vars.len(); f(self); self.ret = ret; self.ret_reg = ret_reg; self.cur_item = cur_item; *self.gpa.borrow_mut() = gpa; *self.sa.borrow_mut() = sa; self.ret_relocs.truncate(ret_relocs); self.loops.truncate(loops); self.vars.truncate(vars); } fn lazy_init(&mut self) { if self.stack.capacity() == 0 { self.stack.reserve(VM_STACK_SIZE); self.vm.write_reg( STACK_PTR, unsafe { self.stack.as_ptr().add(self.stack.capacity()) } as u64, ); } } pub fn generate(&mut self) { self.lazy_init(); self.find_and_declare(0, 0, Err("main")); self.code.prelude(); self.complete_call_graph(); } fn complete_call_graph(&mut self) { while let Some(item) = self.to_generate.pop() { self.with_cached_progress(|s| s.generate_item(item)); } } fn generate_item(&mut self, item: ItemId) { let ast = self.files[item.file as usize].clone(); let expr = item.expr.get(&ast).unwrap(); self.cf = ast.clone(); self.cf_id = item.file; match expr { E::BinOp { left: E::Ident { name, .. }, op: T::Decl, right: E::Closure { body, args, .. }, } => { log::dbg!("fn: {}", name); self.cur_item = TypeKind::Func(item.id); self.funcs[item.id as usize].offset = self.code.code.len() as _; self.funcs[item.id as usize].relocs = self.code.relocs.len() as _; let func = self.funcs[item.id as usize].clone(); self.gpa.borrow_mut().init_callee(); self.gen_prelude(); log::dbg!("fn-args"); let mut parama = self.param_alloc(func.ret); for (arg, &ty) in args.iter().zip(func.args.iter()) { let sym = parser::find_symbol(&self.cf.symbols, arg.id); let loc = self.load_arg(sym.flags, ty, &mut parama); self.vars.push(Variable { id: arg.id, value: Value { ty, loc }, }); } if self.size_of(func.ret) > 16 { let reg = self.gpa.borrow_mut().allocate(); self.code.encode(instrs::cp(reg, 1)); self.ret_reg = Some(reg); } else { self.ret_reg = None; } self.ret = func.ret; log::dbg!("fn-body"); if self.expr(body).is_some() { self.report(body.pos(), "expected all paths in the fucntion to return"); } log::dbg!("fn-prelude, stack: {:x}", self.sa.borrow().height); log::dbg!("fn-relocs"); self.reloc_prelude(item.id); log::dbg!("fn-ret"); self.reloc_rets(); self.ret(); self.sa.borrow_mut().clear(); } value => todo!("{value:?}"), } } fn align_of(&self, ty: Type) -> u64 { use TypeKind as TK; match TypeKind::from_ty(ty) { TK::Struct(t) => self.structs[t as usize] .fields .iter() .map(|&(_, ty)| self.align_of(ty)) .max() .unwrap(), _ => self.size_of(ty).max(1), } } fn size_of(&self, ty: Type) -> u64 { use TypeKind as TK; match TK::from_ty(ty) { TK::Pointer(_) => 8, TK::Builtin(bt::VOID) => 0, TK::Builtin(bt::NEVER) => unreachable!(), TK::Builtin(bt::INT | bt::UINT) => 8, TK::Builtin(bt::I32 | bt::U32 | bt::TYPE) => 4, TK::Builtin(bt::I16 | bt::U16) => 2, TK::Builtin(bt::I8 | bt::U8 | bt::BOOL) => 1, TK::Struct(ty) => { let mut offset = 0; let record = &self.structs[ty as usize]; for &(_, ty) in record.fields.iter() { let align = self.align_of(ty); offset = align_up(offset, align); offset += self.size_of(ty); } offset } _ => unimplemented!("size_of: {}", self.display_ty(ty)), } } fn display_ty(&self, ty: Type) -> TypeDisplay { TypeDisplay::new(self, ty) } fn unwrap_struct(&self, ty: Type, pos: Pos, context: impl std::fmt::Display) -> Type { match TypeKind::from_ty(ty) { TypeKind::Struct(idx) => idx, _ => self.report( pos, format_args!("expected struct, got {} ({context})", self.display_ty(ty)), ), } } fn offset_of(&self, pos: Pos, idx: u32, field: Result<&str, usize>) -> (u64, Type) { let record = &self.structs[idx as usize]; let mut offset = 0; for (i, &(ref name, ty)) in record.fields.iter().enumerate() { if Ok(name.as_ref()) == field || Err(i) == field { return (offset, ty); } let align = self.align_of(ty); offset = align_up(offset, align); offset += self.size_of(ty); } match field { Ok(i) => self.report(pos, format_args!("field not found: {i}")), Err(field) => self.report(pos, format_args!("field not found: {field}")), } } fn alloc_reg(&mut self) -> LinReg { LinReg(self.gpa.borrow_mut().allocate(), self.gpa.clone()) } fn alloc_stack(&mut self, size: u64) -> Rc { let (offset, size) = self.sa.borrow_mut().alloc(size); Stack { offset, size, alloc: Cell::new(Some(self.sa.clone())), } .into() } fn loc_to_reg(&mut self, loc: Loc, size: u64) -> LinReg { match loc { Loc::RegRef(rr) => { let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.encode(instrs::cp(reg.0, rr)); reg } Loc::Reg(reg) => reg, Loc::Deref(dreg, .., offset) => { let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code .encode(instrs::ld(reg.0, dreg.0, offset, size as _)); reg } Loc::DerefRef(dreg, .., offset) => { let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.encode(instrs::ld(reg.0, dreg, offset, size as _)); reg } Loc::Imm(imm) => { let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.encode(instrs::li64(reg.0, imm)); reg } Loc::Stack(stack, off) => { let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.load_stack(reg.0, stack.offset + off, size as _); reg } } } fn store_stack(&mut self, reg: Reg, offset: u64, size: u16) { self.code.encode(instrs::st(reg, STACK_PTR, offset, size)); } fn load_stack(&mut self, reg: Reg, offset: u64, size: u16) { self.code.encode(instrs::ld(reg, STACK_PTR, offset, size)); } fn reloc_rets(&mut self) { let len = self.code.code.len() as i64; for reloc in self.ret_relocs.iter() { write_reloc( &mut self.code.code, reloc.offset as usize + reloc.instr_offset as usize, len - reloc.offset as i64, reloc.size, ); } } fn ty(&mut self, expr: &parser::Expr) -> Type { let offset = self.code.code.len(); let reloc_offset = self.code.relocs.len(); let value = self.expr(expr).unwrap(); _ = self.assert_ty(expr.pos(), value.ty, bt::TYPE); if let Loc::Imm(ty) = value.loc { return ty as _; } self.code.encode(instrs::tx()); let mut curr_temp = Block::default(); curr_temp.append(&mut self.code, offset, reloc_offset); let mut curr_fn = Block::default(); match self.cur_item { TypeKind::Func(id) => { let func = &self.funcs[id as usize]; curr_fn.append(&mut self.code, func.offset as _, func.relocs as _); log::dbg!("{:?}", curr_fn.code); } foo => todo!("{foo:?}"), } let offset = self.code.code.len(); self.code.append(&mut curr_temp, 0, 0); self.complete_call_graph(); self.link(); self.vm.pc = hbvm::mem::Address::new(&self.code.code[offset] as *const u8 as _); loop { match self.vm.run().unwrap() { hbvm::VmRunOk::End => break, hbvm::VmRunOk::Ecall => self.handle_ecall(), _ => unreachable!(), } } match self.cur_item { TypeKind::Func(id) => { self.funcs[id as usize].offset = self.code.code.len() as _; self.funcs[id as usize].relocs = self.code.relocs.len() as _; self.code.append(&mut curr_fn, 0, 0); } foo => todo!("{foo:?}"), } match value.loc { Loc::RegRef(reg) | Loc::Reg(LinReg(reg, ..)) => self.vm.read_reg(reg).0 as _, Loc::Deref(LinReg(reg, ..), .., off) | Loc::DerefRef(reg, .., off) => { let ptr = unsafe { (self.vm.read_reg(reg).0 as *const u8).add(off as _) }; unsafe { std::ptr::read(ptr as *const Type) } } v => unreachable!("{v:?}"), } } fn handle_ecall(&mut self) { // the ecalls have exception, we cant pass the return value in two registers otherwise its // hard to tell where the trap code is match self.vm.read_reg(2).0 { traps::MAKE_STRUCT => unsafe { let file_id = self.vm.read_reg(3).0 as u32; let expr = std::mem::transmute::<_, parser::ExprRef>(self.vm.read_reg(4)); let mut captures_addr = (self.vm.read_reg(STACK_PTR).0 as *const u8) .add(self.vm.read_reg(5).0 as usize); let ast = self.files[file_id as usize].clone(); let &E::Struct { pos, fields, captured, } = expr.get(&ast).unwrap() else { unreachable!() }; let prev_len = self.vars.len(); for &id in captured { let ty: Type = std::ptr::read_unaligned(captures_addr.cast()); captures_addr = captures_addr.add(4); let mut imm = [0u8; 8]; assert!(self.size_of(ty) as usize <= imm.len()); std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping( captures_addr, imm.as_mut_ptr(), self.size_of(ty) as usize, ); self.vars.push(Variable { id, value: Value { ty, loc: Loc::Imm(u64::from_ne_bytes(imm)), }, }); } let Value { loc: Loc::Imm(ty), .. } = self .expr(&E::Struct { pos, fields, captured: &[], }) .unwrap() else { unreachable!() }; self.vars.truncate(prev_len); self.vm.write_reg(1, ty); }, trap => todo!("unknown trap: {trap}"), } } fn expr(&mut self, expr: &parser::Expr) -> Option { self.expr_ctx(expr, Ctx::default()) } fn handle_global(&mut self, id: GlobalId) -> Option { let ptr = self.alloc_reg(); let global = &mut self.globals[id as usize]; match self.cur_item { TypeKind::Global(gl) => global.dep = global.dep.max(gl), _ => {} } self.code.relocs.push(Reloc { id: TypeKind::Global(id as _).encode(), offset: self.code.code.len() as u32, instr_offset: 3, size: 4, }); self.code.encode(instrs::lra(ptr.0, 0, 0)); Some(Value { ty: global.ty, loc: Loc::Deref(ptr, None, 0), }) } fn expr_ctx(&mut self, expr: &parser::Expr, mut ctx: Ctx) -> Option { use instrs as i; let value = match *expr { E::Mod { id, .. } => Some(Value::ty(TypeKind::Module(id).encode())), E::Struct { fields, captured, .. } => { if captured.is_empty() { let fields = fields .iter() .map(|&(name, ty)| (name.into(), self.ty(&ty))) .collect(); self.structs.push(Struct { fields }); Some(Value::ty( TypeKind::Struct(self.structs.len() as u32 - 1).encode(), )) } else { let values = captured .iter() .map(|&id| E::Ident { id, name: "booodab", index: u16::MAX, }) .map(|expr| self.expr(&expr)) .collect::>>()?; let values_size = values .iter() .map(|value| 4 + self.size_of(value.ty)) .sum::(); let stack = self.alloc_stack(values_size); let ptr = Loc::DerefRef(STACK_PTR, None, stack.offset); let mut offset = 0; for value in values { self.assign(bt::TYPE, ptr.offset_ref(offset), Loc::Imm(value.ty as _)); offset += 4; self.assign(value.ty, ptr.offset_ref(offset), value.loc); offset += self.size_of(value.ty); } // eca MAKE_STRUCT(FileId, ExprRef, *Captures) -> Type; let mut parama = self.param_alloc(bt::TYPE); self.pass_arg(&Value::imm(traps::MAKE_STRUCT), &mut parama); self.pass_arg(&Value::imm(self.cf_id as _), &mut parama); self.pass_arg( &Value::imm(unsafe { std::mem::transmute(parser::ExprRef::new(expr)) }), &mut parama, ); self.pass_arg(&Value::imm(stack.offset), &mut parama); self.code.encode(i::eca()); Some(Value { ty: bt::TYPE, loc: Loc::RegRef(1), }) } } E::UnOp { op: T::Xor, val, .. } => { let val = self.ty(val); Some(Value::ty(self.alloc_pointer(val))) } E::Directive { name: "TypeOf", args: [expr], .. } => { let offset = self.code.code.len() as u32; let reloc_offset = self.code.relocs.len(); let ty = self .expr_ctx(expr, Ctx::DestUntyped(Loc::DerefRef(0, None, 0))) .unwrap() .ty; self.code.code.truncate(offset as usize); self.code.relocs.truncate(reloc_offset); Some(Value { ty: bt::TYPE, loc: Loc::Imm(ty as _), }) } E::Directive { name: "eca", args: [ret_ty, args @ ..], .. } => { let ty = self.ty(ret_ty); let mut parama = self.param_alloc(ty); let mut values = Vec::with_capacity(args.len()); for arg in args { let arg = self.expr(arg)?; self.pass_arg(&arg, &mut parama); values.push(arg.loc); } drop(values); let loc = self.alloc_ret_loc(ty, ctx); self.code.encode(i::eca()); self.post_process_ret_loc(ty, &loc); return Some(Value { ty, loc }); } E::Directive { name: "sizeof", args: [ty], .. } => { let ty = self.ty(ty); let loc = Loc::Imm(self.size_of(ty)); return Some(Value { ty: bt::UINT, loc }); } E::Directive { name: "alignof", args: [ty], .. } => { let ty = self.ty(ty); let loc = Loc::Imm(self.align_of(ty)); return Some(Value { ty: bt::UINT, loc }); } E::Directive { name: "intcast", args: [val], .. } => { let Some(ty) = ctx.ty() else { self.report( expr.pos(), "type to cast to is unknown, use `@as(, )`", ); }; let mut val = self.expr(val)?; let from_size = self.size_of(val.ty); let to_size = self.size_of(ty); if from_size < to_size && bt::is_signed(val.ty) { let reg = self.loc_to_reg(val.loc, from_size); let op = [i::sxt8, i::sxt16, i::sxt32][from_size.ilog2() as usize]; self.code.encode(op(reg.0, reg.0)); val.loc = Loc::Reg(reg); } Some(Value { ty, loc: val.loc }) } E::Directive { name: "bitcast", args: [val], .. } => { let Some(ty) = ctx.ty() else { self.report( expr.pos(), "type to cast to is unknown, use `@as(, )`", ); }; let size = self.size_of(ty); ctx = match ctx { Ctx::Dest(Value { loc, .. }) | Ctx::DestUntyped(loc, ..) => { Ctx::DestUntyped(loc) } _ => Ctx::None, }; let val = self.expr_ctx(val, ctx)?; if self.size_of(val.ty) != size { self.report( expr.pos(), format_args!( "cannot bitcast {} to {} (different sizes: {} != {size})", self.display_ty(val.ty), self.display_ty(ty), self.size_of(val.ty), ), ); } // TODO: maybe check align return Some(Value { ty, loc: val.loc }); } E::Directive { name: "as", args: [ty, val], .. } => { let ty = self.ty(ty); let ctx = match ctx { Ctx::Dest(dest) => Ctx::Dest(dest), Ctx::DestUntyped(loc) => Ctx::Dest(Value { ty, loc }), _ => Ctx::Inferred(ty), }; return self.expr_ctx(val, ctx); } E::Bool { value, .. } => Some(Value { ty: bt::BOOL, loc: Loc::Imm(value as u64), }), E::Ctor { pos, ty, fields, .. } => { let Some(ty) = ty.map(|ty| self.ty(ty)).or(ctx.ty()) else { self.report(pos, "expected type, (it cannot be inferred)"); }; let size = self.size_of(ty); let loc = match ctx.loc() { Some(loc) => loc, _ => Loc::Stack(self.alloc_stack(size), 0), }; let stuct = self.unwrap_struct(ty, pos, "struct literal"); let field_count = self.structs[stuct as usize].fields.len(); if field_count != fields.len() { self.report( pos, format_args!("expected {} fields, got {}", field_count, fields.len()), ); } for (i, (name, field)) in fields.iter().enumerate() { let (offset, ty) = self.offset_of(field.pos(), stuct, name.ok_or(i)); let loc = loc.offset_ref(offset); self.expr_ctx(field, Ctx::Dest(Value { ty, loc }))?; } return Some(Value { ty, loc }); } E::Field { target, field } => { let checkpoint = self.code.code.len(); let mut tal = self.expr(target)?; if let TypeKind::Pointer(ty) = TypeKind::from_ty(tal.ty) { tal.ty = self.pointers[ty as usize]; tal.loc = match tal.loc { Loc::Reg(r) => Loc::Deref(r, None, 0), Loc::RegRef(r) => Loc::DerefRef(r, None, 0), l => { let ptr = self.loc_to_reg(l, 8); Loc::Deref(ptr, None, 0) } }; } match TypeKind::from_ty(tal.ty) { TypeKind::Struct(idx) => { let (offset, ty) = self.offset_of(target.pos(), idx, Ok(field)); let loc = tal.loc.offset(offset); Some(Value { ty, loc }) } TypeKind::Builtin(bt::TYPE) => { self.code.code.truncate(checkpoint); match TypeKind::from_ty(self.ty(target)) { TypeKind::Module(idx) => Some(Value::ty( self.find_and_declare(target.pos(), idx, Err(field)) .encode(), )), _ => todo!(), } } smh => self.report( target.pos(), format_args!("the field operation is not supported: {smh:?}"), ), } } E::UnOp { op: T::Band, val, pos, } => { let val = self.expr(val)?; let loc = match val.loc { Loc::Deref(r, stack, off) => { if let Some(stack) = stack { stack.leak() } self.code.addi64(r.0, r.0, off); Loc::Reg(r) } Loc::DerefRef(r, stack, off) => { if let Some(stack) = stack { stack.leak() } let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.addi64(reg.0, r, off); Loc::Reg(reg) } Loc::Stack(stack, off) => { stack.leak(); let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code .encode(i::addi64(reg.0, STACK_PTR, stack.offset + off)); Loc::Reg(reg) } l => self.report( pos, format_args!("cant take pointer of {} ({:?})", self.display_ty(val.ty), l), ), }; Some(Value { ty: self.alloc_pointer(val.ty), loc, }) } E::UnOp { op: T::Mul, val, pos, } => { let val = self.expr(val)?; match TypeKind::from_ty(val.ty) { TypeKind::Pointer(ty) => Some(Value { ty: self.pointers[ty as usize], loc: Loc::Deref(self.loc_to_reg(val.loc, self.size_of(val.ty)), None, 0), }), _ => self.report( pos, format_args!("expected pointer, got {}", self.display_ty(val.ty)), ), } } E::BinOp { left: E::Ident { id, .. }, op: T::Decl, right, } => { let val = self.expr(right)?; let loc = self.make_loc_owned(val.loc, val.ty); let sym = parser::find_symbol(&self.cf.symbols, *id); let loc = match loc { Loc::Reg(r) if sym.flags & idfl::REFERENCED != 0 => { let size = self.size_of(val.ty); let stack = self.alloc_stack(size); self.store_stack(r.0, stack.offset, size as _); Loc::Stack(stack, 0) } l => l, }; self.vars.push(Variable { id: *id, value: Value { ty: val.ty, loc }, }); Some(Value::VOID) } E::Call { func, args } => { let func = self.ty(func); let TypeKind::Func(func) = TypeKind::from_ty(func) else { todo!() }; let fn_label = self.funcs[func as usize].clone(); let mut parama = self.param_alloc(fn_label.ret); let mut values = Vec::with_capacity(args.len()); for (earg, &ty) in args.iter().zip(fn_label.args.iter()) { let arg = self.expr_ctx(earg, Ctx::Inferred(ty))?; _ = self.assert_ty(earg.pos(), ty, arg.ty); self.pass_arg(&arg, &mut parama); values.push(arg.loc); } drop(values); let loc = self.alloc_ret_loc(fn_label.ret, ctx); self.code.call(func); self.post_process_ret_loc(fn_label.ret, &loc); return Some(Value { ty: fn_label.ret, loc, }); } E::Ident { id, .. } if ident::is_null(id) => Some(Value::ty(id)), E::Ident { id, index, .. } if let Some((var_index, var)) = self.vars.iter_mut().enumerate().find(|(_, v)| v.id == id) => { let sym = parser::find_symbol(&self.cf.symbols, id); let loc = match idfl::index(sym.flags) == index && !self.loops.last().is_some_and(|l| l.var_count > var_index) { true => std::mem::replace(&mut var.value.loc, Loc::Imm(0)), false => var.value.loc.take_ref(), }; Some(Value { ty: var.value.ty, loc, }) } E::Ident { id, .. } => match self .symbols .get(&SymKey { id, file: self.cf_id, }) .copied() .map(TypeKind::from_ty) .unwrap_or_else(|| self.find_and_declare(ident::pos(id), self.cf_id, Ok(id))) { TypeKind::Global(id) => self.handle_global(id), tk => Some(Value::ty(tk.encode())), }, E::Return { val, .. } => { if let Some(val) = val { let size = self.size_of(self.ret); let loc = match size { 0 => Loc::Imm(0), ..=16 => Loc::RegRef(1), _ => Loc::DerefRef(1, None, 0), }; self.expr_ctx(val, Ctx::Dest(Value { loc, ty: self.ret }))?; } self.ret_relocs.push(RetReloc { offset: self.code.code.len() as u32, instr_offset: 1, size: 4, }); self.code.encode(i::jmp(0)); None } E::Block { stmts, .. } => { for stmt in stmts { self.expr(stmt)?; } Some(Value::VOID) } E::Number { value, .. } => Some(Value { ty: ctx.ty().map(bt::strip_pointer).unwrap_or(bt::INT), loc: Loc::Imm(value), }), E::If { cond, then, else_, .. } => 'b: { log::dbg!("if-cond"); let cond = self.expr_ctx(cond, Ctx::Inferred(bt::BOOL))?; let reg = self.loc_to_reg(cond.loc, 1); let jump_offset = self.code.code.len() as u32; self.code.encode(i::jeq(reg.0, 0, 0)); log::dbg!("if-then"); let then_unreachable = self.expr(then).is_none(); let mut else_unreachable = false; let mut jump = self.code.code.len() as i64 - jump_offset as i64; if let Some(else_) = else_ { log::dbg!("if-else"); let else_jump_offset = self.code.code.len() as u32; if !then_unreachable { self.code.encode(i::jmp(0)); jump = self.code.code.len() as i64 - jump_offset as i64; } else_unreachable = self.expr(else_).is_none(); if !then_unreachable { let jump = self.code.code.len() as i64 - else_jump_offset as i64; log::dbg!("if-else-jump: {}", jump); write_reloc(&mut self.code.code, else_jump_offset as usize + 1, jump, 4); } } log::dbg!("if-then-jump: {}", jump); write_reloc(&mut self.code.code, jump_offset as usize + 3, jump, 2); if then_unreachable && else_unreachable { break 'b None; } Some(Value::VOID) } E::Loop { body, .. } => 'a: { log::dbg!("loop"); let loop_start = self.code.code.len() as u32; self.loops.push(Loop { var_count: self.vars.len() as _, offset: loop_start, relocs: Default::default(), }); let body_unreachable = self.expr(body).is_none(); log::dbg!("loop-end"); if !body_unreachable { let loop_end = self.code.code.len(); self.code .encode(i::jmp(loop_start as i32 - loop_end as i32)); } let loop_end = self.code.code.len() as u32; let loop_ = self.loops.pop().unwrap(); let is_unreachable = loop_.relocs.is_empty(); for reloc in loop_.relocs { let dest = &mut self.code.code [reloc.offset as usize + reloc.instr_offset as usize..] [..reloc.size as usize]; let offset = loop_end as i32 - reloc.offset as i32; dest.copy_from_slice(&offset.to_ne_bytes()); } self.vars.drain(loop_.var_count..); if is_unreachable { log::dbg!("infinite loop"); break 'a None; } Some(Value::VOID) } E::Break { .. } => { let loop_ = self.loops.last_mut().unwrap(); let offset = self.code.code.len() as u32; self.code.encode(i::jmp(0)); loop_.relocs.push(RetReloc { offset, instr_offset: 1, size: 4, }); None } E::Continue { .. } => { let loop_ = self.loops.last().unwrap(); let offset = self.code.code.len() as u32; self.code .encode(i::jmp(loop_.offset as i32 - offset as i32)); None } E::BinOp { left, op: op @ (T::And | T::Or), right, } => { let lhs = self.expr_ctx(left, Ctx::Inferred(bt::BOOL))?; let lhs = self.loc_to_reg(lhs.loc, 1); let jump_offset = self.code.code.len() + 3; let op = if op == T::And { i::jeq } else { i::jne }; self.code.encode(op(lhs.0, 0, 0)); if let Some(rhs) = self.expr_ctx(right, Ctx::Inferred(bt::BOOL)) { let rhs = self.loc_to_reg(rhs.loc, 1); self.code.encode(i::cp(lhs.0, rhs.0)); } let jump = self.code.code.len() as i64 - jump_offset as i64; write_reloc(&mut self.code.code, jump_offset, jump, 2); Some(Value { ty: bt::BOOL, loc: Loc::Reg(lhs), }) } E::BinOp { left, op, right } => 'ops: { let left = self.expr(left)?; if op == T::Assign { self.expr_ctx(right, Ctx::Dest(left)).unwrap(); return Some(Value::VOID); } if let TypeKind::Struct(_) = TypeKind::from_ty(left.ty) { let right = self.expr_ctx(right, Ctx::Inferred(left.ty))?; _ = self.assert_ty(expr.pos(), left.ty, right.ty); return self.struct_op(op, left.ty, ctx, left.loc, right.loc); } let lsize = self.size_of(left.ty); let ty = ctx.ty().unwrap_or(left.ty); let (lhs, loc) = match std::mem::take(&mut ctx).loc() { Some(Loc::RegRef(reg)) if Loc::RegRef(reg) == left.loc && reg != 1 => { (reg, Loc::RegRef(reg)) } Some(loc) => { debug_assert!(!matches!(loc, Loc::Reg(LinReg(RET_ADDR, ..)))); ctx = Ctx::Dest(Value { ty, loc }); let reg = self.loc_to_reg(left.loc, lsize); (reg.0, Loc::Reg(reg)) } None => { let reg = self.loc_to_reg(left.loc, lsize); (reg.0, Loc::Reg(reg)) } }; let right = self.expr_ctx(right, Ctx::Inferred(left.ty))?; let rsize = self.size_of(right.ty); let ty = self.assert_ty(expr.pos(), left.ty, right.ty); let size = self.size_of(ty); let signed = bt::is_signed(ty); if let Loc::Imm(mut imm) = right.loc && let Some(oper) = Self::imm_math_op(op, signed, size) { if matches!(op, T::Add | T::Sub) && let TypeKind::Pointer(ty) = TypeKind::from_ty(ty) { let size = self.size_of(self.pointers[ty as usize]); imm *= size; } self.code.encode(oper(lhs, lhs, imm)); break 'ops Some(Value { ty, loc }); } let rhs = self.loc_to_reg(right.loc, rsize); if matches!(op, T::Add | T::Sub) { let min_size = lsize.min(rsize); if bt::is_signed(ty) && min_size < size { let operand = if lsize < rsize { lhs } else { rhs.0 }; let op = [i::sxt8, i::sxt16, i::sxt32][min_size.ilog2() as usize]; self.code.encode(op(operand, operand)); } if bt::is_pointer(left.ty) ^ bt::is_pointer(right.ty) { let (offset, ty) = if bt::is_pointer(left.ty) { (rhs.0, left.ty) } else { (lhs, right.ty) }; let TypeKind::Pointer(ty) = TypeKind::from_ty(ty) else { unreachable!() }; let size = self.size_of(self.pointers[ty as usize]); self.code.encode(i::muli64(offset, offset, size as _)); } } if let Some(op) = Self::math_op(op, signed, size) { self.code.encode(op(lhs, lhs, rhs.0)); break 'ops Some(Value { ty, loc }); } 'cmp: { let against = match op { T::Le | T::Gt => 1, T::Ne | T::Eq => 0, T::Ge | T::Lt => (-1i64) as _, _ => break 'cmp, }; let op_fn = if signed { i::cmps } else { i::cmpu }; self.code.encode(op_fn(lhs, lhs, rhs.0)); self.code.encode(i::cmpui(lhs, lhs, against)); if matches!(op, T::Eq | T::Lt | T::Gt) { self.code.encode(i::not(lhs, lhs)); } break 'ops Some(Value { ty: bt::BOOL, loc }); } unimplemented!("{:#?}", op) } ast => unimplemented!("{:#?}", ast), }?; match ctx { Ctx::Dest(dest) => { _ = self.assert_ty(expr.pos(), value.ty, dest.ty); self.assign(dest.ty, dest.loc, value.loc)?; Some(Value { ty: dest.ty, loc: Loc::Imm(0), }) } Ctx::DestUntyped(loc) => { // Wo dont check since bitcast does self.assign(value.ty, loc, value.loc); Some(Value { ty: value.ty, loc: Loc::Imm(0), }) } _ => Some(value), } } fn math_op( op: T, signed: bool, size: u64, ) -> Option (usize, [u8; instrs::MAX_SIZE])> { use instrs as i; macro_rules! div { ($($op:ident),*) => {[$(|a, b, c| i::$op(a, ZERO, b, c)),*]}; } macro_rules! rem { ($($op:ident),*) => {[$(|a, b, c| i::$op(ZERO, a, b, c)),*]}; } let ops = match op { T::Add => [i::add8, i::add16, i::add32, i::add64], T::Sub => [i::sub8, i::sub16, i::sub32, i::sub64], T::Mul => [i::mul8, i::mul16, i::mul32, i::mul64], T::Div if signed => div!(dirs8, dirs16, dirs32, dirs64), T::Div => div!(diru8, diru16, diru32, diru64), T::Mod if signed => rem!(dirs8, dirs16, dirs32, dirs64), T::Mod => rem!(diru8, diru16, diru32, diru64), T::Band => return Some(i::and), T::Bor => return Some(i::or), T::Xor => return Some(i::xor), T::Shl => [i::slu8, i::slu16, i::slu32, i::slu64], T::Shr if signed => [i::srs8, i::srs16, i::srs32, i::srs64], T::Shr => [i::sru8, i::sru16, i::sru32, i::sru64], _ => return None, }; Some(ops[size.ilog2() as usize]) } fn imm_math_op( op: T, signed: bool, size: u64, ) -> Option (usize, [u8; instrs::MAX_SIZE])> { use instrs as i; macro_rules! def_op { ($name:ident |$a:ident, $b:ident, $c:ident| $($tt:tt)*) => { macro_rules! $name { ($$($$op:ident),*) => { [$$( |$a, $b, $c: u64| i::$$op($($tt)*), )*] } } }; } def_op!(basic_op | a, b, c | a, b, c as _); def_op!(sub_op | a, b, c | b, a, c.wrapping_neg() as _); let ops = match op { T::Add => basic_op!(addi8, addi16, addi32, addi64), T::Sub => sub_op!(addi8, addi16, addi32, addi64), T::Mul => basic_op!(muli8, muli16, muli32, muli64), T::Band => return Some(i::andi), T::Bor => return Some(i::ori), T::Xor => return Some(i::xori), T::Shr if signed => basic_op!(srui8, srui16, srui32, srui64), T::Shr => basic_op!(srui8, srui16, srui32, srui64), T::Shl => basic_op!(slui8, slui16, slui32, slui64), _ => return None, }; Some(ops[size.ilog2() as usize]) } fn struct_op(&mut self, op: T, ty: Type, ctx: Ctx, left: Loc, right: Loc) -> Option { if let TypeKind::Struct(stuct) = TypeKind::from_ty(ty) { let dst = match ctx { Ctx::Dest(dest) => dest.loc, _ => Loc::Stack(self.alloc_stack(self.size_of(ty)), 0), }; let mut offset = 0; for &(_, ty) in self.structs[stuct as usize].fields.clone().iter() { let align = self.align_of(ty); offset = align_up(offset, align); let size = self.size_of(ty); let ctx = Ctx::Dest(Value::new(ty, dst.offset_ref(offset))); let left = left.offset_ref(offset); let right = right.offset_ref(offset); self.struct_op(op, ty, ctx, left, right)?; offset += size; } return Some(Value { ty, loc: dst }); } let size = self.size_of(ty); let signed = bt::is_signed(ty); let (lhs, owned) = self.loc_to_reg_ref(&left, size); if let Loc::Imm(imm) = right && let Some(op) = Self::imm_math_op(op, signed, size) { self.code.encode(op(lhs, lhs, imm)); return if let Ctx::Dest(dest) = ctx { self.assign(dest.ty, dest.loc, owned.map_or(Loc::RegRef(lhs), Loc::Reg)); Some(Value::VOID) } else { Some(Value::new(ty, owned.map_or(Loc::RegRef(lhs), Loc::Reg))) }; } let rhs = self.loc_to_reg(right, size); if let Some(op) = Self::math_op(op, signed, size) { self.code.encode(op(lhs, lhs, rhs.0)); return if let Ctx::Dest(dest) = ctx { self.assign(dest.ty, dest.loc, owned.map_or(Loc::RegRef(lhs), Loc::Reg)); Some(Value::VOID) } else { Some(Value::new(ty, owned.map_or(Loc::RegRef(lhs), Loc::Reg))) }; } unimplemented!("{:#?}", op) } fn loc_to_reg_ref(&mut self, loc: &Loc, size: u64) -> (u8, Option) { match *loc { Loc::RegRef(reg) => (reg, None), Loc::Reg(LinReg(reg, ..)) => (reg, None), Loc::Deref(LinReg(reg, ..), .., off) | Loc::DerefRef(reg, .., off) => { let new = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.encode(instrs::ld(new.0, reg, off, size as _)); (new.0, Some(new)) } Loc::Stack(ref stack, off) => { let new = self.alloc_reg(); self.load_stack(new.0, stack.offset + off, size as _); (new.0, Some(new)) } Loc::Imm(imm) => { let new = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.encode(instrs::li64(new.0, imm)); (new.0, Some(new)) } } } fn assign_opaque(&mut self, size: u64, right: Loc, left: Loc) -> Option { if left == right { return Some(Value::VOID); } match size { 0 => {} ..=8 if let Loc::Imm(imm) = left && let Loc::RegRef(reg) = right => { self.code.encode(instrs::li64(reg, imm)) } ..=8 => { let lhs = self.loc_to_reg(left, size); match right { Loc::RegRef(reg) => self.code.encode(instrs::cp(reg, lhs.0)), Loc::Deref(reg, .., off) => { self.code.encode(instrs::st(lhs.0, reg.0, off, size as _)); } Loc::DerefRef(reg, .., off) => { self.code.encode(instrs::st(lhs.0, reg, off, size as _)); } Loc::Stack(stack, off) => { self.store_stack(lhs.0, stack.offset + off, size as _); } l => unimplemented!("{:?}", l), } } ..=16 if matches!(right, Loc::RegRef(1)) => { let (lhs, loff) = left.ref_to_ptr(); self.code.encode(instrs::st(1, lhs, loff, 16)); } ..=u64::MAX => { let rhs = self.to_ptr(right); let lhs = self.to_ptr(left); self.code .encode(instrs::bmc(lhs.0, rhs.0, size.try_into().unwrap())); } } Some(Value::VOID) } fn assign(&mut self, ty: Type, right: Loc, left: Loc) -> Option { self.assign_opaque(self.size_of(ty), right, left) } fn to_ptr(&mut self, loc: Loc) -> LinReg { match loc { Loc::Deref(reg, .., off) => { self.code.addi64(reg.0, reg.0, off); reg } Loc::DerefRef(reg, .., off) => { let new = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.addi64(new.0, reg, off); new } Loc::Stack(stack, off) => { let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.addi64(reg.0, STACK_PTR, stack.offset + off); reg } l => unreachable!("{:?}", l), } } fn find_and_declare(&mut self, pos: Pos, file: FileId, name: Result) -> TypeKind { let f = self.files[file as usize].clone(); let Some((expr, id)) = f.find_decl(name) else { self.report( pos, match name { Ok(_) => format!("undefined indentifier"), Err("main") => { format!("compilation root is missing main function: {f}") } Err(name) => todo!("somehow we did not handle: {name:?}"), }, ); }; let sym = match expr { E::BinOp { left: &E::Ident { .. }, op: T::Decl, right: E::Closure { args, ret, .. }, } => { let args = args.iter().map(|arg| self.ty(&arg.ty)).collect::>(); let ret = self.ty(ret); let id = self.declare_fn_label(args.into(), ret); self.to_generate.push(ItemId { file, expr: ExprRef::new(expr), id, }); TypeKind::Func(id) } E::BinOp { left: &E::Ident { .. }, op: T::Decl, right: E::Struct { fields, .. }, } => { let fields = fields .iter() .map(|&(name, ty)| (name.into(), self.ty(&ty))) .collect(); self.structs.push(Struct { fields }); TypeKind::Struct(self.structs.len() as u32 - 1) } E::BinOp { left: &E::Ident { .. }, op: T::Decl, right, } => { let gid = self.globals.len() as GlobalId; let prev_in_global = std::mem::replace(&mut self.cur_item, TypeKind::Global(gid)); let prev_gpa = std::mem::replace(&mut *self.gpa.borrow_mut(), Default::default()); let prev_sa = std::mem::replace(&mut *self.sa.borrow_mut(), Default::default()); let offset = self.code.code.len(); let reloc_count = self.code.relocs.len(); self.globals.push(Global { ty: bt::UNDECLARED, code: 0, dep: 0, offset: u32::MAX, }); self.gpa.borrow_mut().init_callee(); let ret = self.gpa.borrow_mut().allocate(); // TODO: detect is constant does not call anything self.code.encode(instrs::cp(ret, 1)); let ret = self .expr_ctx(right, Ctx::DestUntyped(Loc::DerefRef(ret, None, 0))) .expect("TODO: unreachable constant/global"); self.code.encode(instrs::tx()); self.globals[gid as usize].ty = ret.ty; self.globals[gid as usize].code = self.data.code.len() as u32; self.data.append(&mut self.code, offset, reloc_count); *self.sa.borrow_mut() = prev_sa; *self.gpa.borrow_mut() = prev_gpa; self.cur_item = prev_in_global; TypeKind::Global(gid) } e => unimplemented!("{e:#?}"), }; self.symbols.insert(SymKey { id, file }, sym.encode()); sym } fn declare_fn_label(&mut self, args: Rc<[Type]>, ret: Type) -> FuncId { self.funcs.push(Func { offset: 0, relocs: 0, args, ret, }); self.funcs.len() as u32 - 1 } fn gen_prelude(&mut self) { self.code.encode(instrs::addi64(STACK_PTR, STACK_PTR, 0)); self.code.encode(instrs::st(RET_ADDR, STACK_PTR, 0, 0)); } fn reloc_prelude(&mut self, id: FuncId) { let mut cursor = self.funcs[id as usize].offset as usize; let mut allocate = |size| (cursor += size, cursor).1; let pushed = self.gpa.borrow().pushed_size() as i64; let stack = self.sa.borrow().height as i64; write_reloc(&mut self.code.code, allocate(3), -(pushed + stack), 8); write_reloc(&mut self.code.code, allocate(8 + 3), stack, 8); write_reloc(&mut self.code.code, allocate(8), pushed, 2); } fn ret(&mut self) { let pushed = self.gpa.borrow().pushed_size() as u64; let stack = self.sa.borrow().height as u64; self.code .encode(instrs::ld(RET_ADDR, STACK_PTR, stack, pushed as _)); self.code .encode(instrs::addi64(STACK_PTR, STACK_PTR, stack + pushed)); self.code.ret(); } fn link(&mut self) { let mut globals = std::mem::take(&mut self.globals); for global in globals.iter_mut().skip(self.linked.globals as usize) { let size = self.size_of(global.ty); global.offset = self.code.code.len() as u32; self.code.code.extend(std::iter::repeat(0).take(size as _)); } self.globals = globals; let prev_len = self.code.code.len(); self.code.append(&mut self.data, 0, 0); self.code .relocate(&self.funcs, &self.globals, 0, self.linked.relocs); let mut var_order = self .globals .iter() .map(|g| g.dep) .zip(0u32..) .skip(self.linked.globals as usize) .collect::>(); var_order.sort_unstable(); for (_, glob_id) in var_order.into_iter().rev() { let global = &self.globals[glob_id as usize]; self.vm.pc = hbvm::mem::Address::new( &mut self.code.code[global.code as usize + prev_len] as *mut _ as u64, ); self.vm.write_reg( 1, &mut self.code.code[global.offset as usize] as *mut _ as u64, ); self.vm.run().unwrap(); } self.code.code.truncate(prev_len); self.linked.globals = self.globals.len(); self.linked.relocs = self.code.relocs.len(); } pub fn dump(mut self, out: &mut impl std::io::Write) -> std::io::Result<()> { self.code.relocs.push(Reloc { offset: 0, size: 4, instr_offset: 3, id: TypeKind::Func(0).encode() as _, }); self.link(); out.write_all(&self.code.code) } fn alloc_pointer(&mut self, ty: Type) -> Type { let ty = self .pointers .iter() .position(|&p| p == ty) .unwrap_or_else(|| { self.pointers.push(ty); self.pointers.len() - 1 }); TypeKind::Pointer(ty as Type).encode() } fn make_loc_owned(&mut self, loc: Loc, ty: Type) -> Loc { match loc { Loc::RegRef(rreg) => { let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.encode(instrs::cp(reg.0, rreg)); Loc::Reg(reg) } Loc::Imm(imm) => { let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.encode(instrs::li64(reg.0, imm)); Loc::Reg(reg) } l @ (Loc::DerefRef(..) | Loc::Deref(..)) => { let size = self.size_of(ty); let stack = self.alloc_stack(size); self.assign(ty, Loc::DerefRef(STACK_PTR, None, stack.offset), l); Loc::Stack(stack, 0) } l => l, } } fn pass_arg(&mut self, value: &Value, parama: &mut Range) { let size = self.size_of(value.ty); let p = parama.next().unwrap() as Reg; if size > 16 { let (ptr, off) = value.loc.ref_to_ptr(); self.code.addi64(p, ptr, off); return; } match value.loc { Loc::Reg(LinReg(reg, ..)) | Loc::RegRef(reg) => self.code.encode(instrs::cp(p, reg)), Loc::Deref(LinReg(reg, ..), .., off) | Loc::DerefRef(reg, .., off) => { self.code.encode(instrs::ld(p, reg, off, size as _)); } Loc::Imm(imm) => self.code.encode(instrs::li64(p, imm)), Loc::Stack(ref stack, off) => { self.load_stack(p, stack.offset + off, size as _); if size > 8 { parama.next().unwrap(); } } } } fn load_arg(&mut self, flags: parser::IdentFlags, ty: Type, parama: &mut Range) -> Loc { let size = self.size_of(ty); match size { 0 => Loc::Imm(0), ..=8 if flags & idfl::REFERENCED == 0 => { let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.encode(instrs::cp(reg.0, parama.next().unwrap())); Loc::Reg(reg) } ..=8 => { let stack = self.alloc_stack(size as _); self.store_stack(parama.next().unwrap(), stack.offset, size as _); Loc::Stack(stack, 0) } ..=16 => { let stack = self.alloc_stack(size); self.store_stack(parama.next().unwrap(), stack.offset, size as _); parama.next().unwrap(); Loc::Stack(stack, 0) } _ if flags & (idfl::MUTABLE | idfl::REFERENCED) == 0 => { let ptr = parama.next().unwrap(); let reg = self.alloc_reg(); self.code.encode(instrs::cp(reg.0, ptr)); Loc::Deref(reg, None, 0) } _ => { let ptr = parama.next().unwrap(); let stack = self.alloc_stack(size); self.assign( ty, Loc::DerefRef(STACK_PTR, None, stack.offset), Loc::DerefRef(ptr, None, 0), ); Loc::Stack(stack, 0) } } } #[must_use] fn assert_ty(&self, pos: Pos, ty: Type, expected: Type) -> Type { if let Some(res) = bt::try_upcast(ty, expected) { res } else { let ty = self.display_ty(ty); let expected = self.display_ty(expected); self.report(pos, format_args!("expected {ty}, got {expected}")); } } fn report(&self, pos: Pos, msg: impl std::fmt::Display) -> ! { let (line, col) = self.cf.nlines.line_col(pos); println!("{}:{}:{}: {}", self.cf.path, line, col, msg); unreachable!(); } fn alloc_ret_loc(&mut self, ret: Type, ctx: Ctx) -> Loc { let size = self.size_of(ret); match size { 0 => Loc::Imm(0), ..=8 => Loc::RegRef(1), ..=16 => match ctx { Ctx::Dest(dest) => dest.loc, _ => Loc::Stack(self.alloc_stack(size), 0), }, ..=u64::MAX => { let val = match ctx { Ctx::Dest(dest) => dest.loc, _ => Loc::Stack(self.alloc_stack(size), 0), }; let (ptr, off) = val.ref_to_ptr(); self.code.encode(instrs::cp(1, ptr)); self.code.addi64(1, ptr, off); val } } } fn post_process_ret_loc(&mut self, ty: Type, loc: &Loc) { let size = self.size_of(ty); match size { 0 => {} ..=8 => {} ..=16 => { if let Loc::Stack(ref stack, off) = loc { self.store_stack(1, stack.offset + off, size as _); } else { unreachable!() } } ..=u64::MAX => {} } } fn param_alloc(&self, ret: Type) -> Range { 2 + (9..=16).contains(&self.size_of(ret)) as u8..12 } } #[derive(Debug)] pub struct Value { ty: Type, loc: Loc, } impl Value { const VOID: Self = Self { ty: bt::VOID, loc: Loc::Imm(0), }; fn new(ty: Type, loc: Loc) -> Self { Self { ty, loc } } fn ty(ty: Type) -> Self { Self { ty: bt::TYPE, loc: Loc::Imm(ty as _), } } fn imm(imm: u64) -> Value { Self { ty: bt::UINT, loc: Loc::Imm(imm), } } } #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)] enum Loc { Reg(LinReg), RegRef(Reg), Deref(LinReg, Option>, u64), DerefRef(Reg, Option>, u64), Imm(u64), Stack(Rc, u64), } impl Loc { fn take_ref(&self) -> Loc { match *self { Self::Reg(LinReg(reg, ..), ..) | Self::RegRef(reg) => Self::RegRef(reg), Self::Deref(LinReg(reg, ..), ref st, off) | Self::DerefRef(reg, ref st, off) => { Self::DerefRef(reg, st.clone(), off) } Self::Stack(ref stack, off) => { Self::DerefRef(STACK_PTR, Some(stack.clone()), stack.offset + off) } ref un => unreachable!("{:?}", un), } } fn ref_to_ptr(&self) -> (Reg, u64) { match *self { Loc::Deref(LinReg(reg, ..), _, off) => (reg, off), Loc::DerefRef(reg, _, off) => (reg, off), Loc::Stack(ref stack, off) => (STACK_PTR, stack.offset + off), ref l => panic!("expected stack location, got {:?}", l), } } fn offset_ref(&self, offset: u64) -> Loc { self.take_ref().offset(offset) } fn offset(self, offset: u64) -> Loc { match self { Loc::Deref(r, stack, off) => Loc::Deref(r, stack, off + offset), Loc::DerefRef(r, stack, off) => Loc::DerefRef(r, stack, off + offset), Loc::Stack(s, off) => Loc::Stack(s, off + offset), l => unreachable!("{:?}", l), } } } #[derive(Default)] pub struct LoggedMem { pub mem: hbvm::mem::HostMemory, } impl hbvm::mem::Memory for LoggedMem { unsafe fn load( &mut self, addr: hbvm::mem::Address, target: *mut u8, count: usize, ) -> Result<(), hbvm::mem::LoadError> { log::dbg!( "load: {:x} {:?}", addr.get(), core::slice::from_raw_parts(addr.get() as *const u8, count) ); self.mem.load(addr, target, count) } unsafe fn store( &mut self, addr: hbvm::mem::Address, source: *const u8, count: usize, ) -> Result<(), hbvm::mem::StoreError> { log::dbg!( "store: {:x} {:?}", addr.get(), core::slice::from_raw_parts(source, count) ); self.mem.store(addr, source, count) } unsafe fn prog_read(&mut self, addr: hbvm::mem::Address) -> T { log::dbg!( "read-typed: {:x} {} {:?}", addr.get(), std::any::type_name::(), if core::mem::size_of::() == 1 { instrs::NAMES[std::ptr::read(addr.get() as *const u8) as usize].to_string() } else { core::slice::from_raw_parts(addr.get() as *const u8, core::mem::size_of::()) .iter() .map(|&b| format!("{:02x}", b)) .collect::() } ); self.mem.prog_read(addr) } } #[cfg(test)] mod tests { use crate::{codegen::LoggedMem, log}; use super::parser; const README: &str = include_str!("../README.md"); fn generate(ident: &'static str, input: &'static str, output: &mut String) { fn find_block(mut input: &'static str, test_name: &'static str) -> &'static str { const CASE_PREFIX: &str = "#### "; const CASE_SUFFIX: &str = "\n```hb"; loop { let Some(pos) = input.find(CASE_PREFIX) else { unreachable!("test {test_name} not found"); }; input = unsafe { input.get_unchecked(pos + CASE_PREFIX.len()..) }; if !input.starts_with(test_name) { continue; } input = unsafe { input.get_unchecked(test_name.len()..) }; if !input.starts_with(CASE_SUFFIX) { continue; } input = unsafe { input.get_unchecked(CASE_SUFFIX.len()..) }; let end = input.find("```").unwrap_or(input.len()); break unsafe { input.get_unchecked(..end) }; } } let input = find_block(input, ident); let path = "test"; let mut codegen = super::Codegen::default(); codegen.files = vec![parser::Ast::new(path, input, &parser::no_loader)]; codegen.generate(); let mut out = Vec::new(); codegen.dump(&mut out).unwrap(); use std::fmt::Write; let mut stack = [0_u64; 128]; let mut vm = unsafe { hbvm::Vm::<_, 0>::new( LoggedMem::default(), hbvm::mem::Address::new(out.as_ptr() as u64), ) }; vm.write_reg( super::STACK_PTR, unsafe { stack.as_mut_ptr().add(stack.len()) } as u64, ); let stat = loop { match vm.run() { Ok(hbvm::VmRunOk::End) => break Ok(()), Ok(ev) => writeln!(output, "ev: {:?}", ev).unwrap(), Err(e) => break Err(e), } }; writeln!(output, "code size: {}", out.len()).unwrap(); writeln!(output, "ret: {:?}", vm.read_reg(1).0).unwrap(); writeln!(output, "status: {:?}", stat).unwrap(); log::inf!("input lenght: {}", input.len()); } crate::run_tests! { generate: arithmetic => README; variables => README; functions => README; if_statements => README; loops => README; fb_driver => README; pointers => README; structs => README; different_types => README; struct_operators => README; directives => README; global_variables => README; generic_types => README; } }