somehow syscalls

fixed thing
Formatting, LF and RISC-V kmain
2023-03-30 23:06:59 +02:00 · 2023-03-30 21:36:11 +02:00 · 2023-03-19 13:40:08 +01:00 · 2023-03-19 13:30:04 +01:00 · 2023-03-16 00:16:23 +01:00 · 2023-01-20 00:45:19 +01:00
91 changed files with 770 additions and 6399 deletions
--- a/.cargo/config.toml
+++ b/.cargo/config.toml
@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 [alias]
-repbuild = "run --manifest-path ./repbuild/Cargo.toml -r --"
+repbuild = "run --manifest-path ./repbuild/Cargo.toml --"
--- a/.gdbinit
+++ b/.gdbinit
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
 set history save on
 file target/x86_64-ableos/debug/ableos
 target remote localhost:9000
 tui enable
--- a/.vscode/settings.json
+++ b/.vscode/settings.json
@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 {
-   "rust-analyzer.checkOnSave.allTargets": false,
+   "files.associations": {
-   "rust-analyzer.showUnlinkedFileNotification": false,
+      "stddef.h": "c"
-   "C_Cpp.errorSquiggles": "disabled"
+   },
   "rust-analyzer.checkOnSave.allTargets": false
 }
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@ -1,3 +1,2 @@
 [workspace]
 resolver = "2"
 members = ["kernel", "repbuild"]
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -1,18 +1,26 @@
-# AbleOS
+# ableOS
-An UNIX-unlike micro-kernel written in rust with an embedded bytecode virtual machine.
+![Discord](https://img.shields.io/discord/831368967385120810) ![Code Size](https://img.shields.io/github/languages/code-size/abletheabove/ableos)
 ## Set up
 Install [Qemu](https://www.qemu.org/)
-# Community
+> On Windows be sure to add `C:\Program Files\qemu` to your `PATH` variable
 [Discord](https://discord.gg/JrKVukDtgs)
-Donations can be made [here on Liberapay](https://liberapay.com/AbleTheAbove) or on [Patreon](https://www.patreon.com/ablecorp)
+`rustup component add rust-src`
 <img src="https://img.shields.io/liberapay/patrons/AbleTheAbove.svg?logo=liberapay">
-# Compiling
+`rustup component add llvm-tools-preview`
 AbleOS should be able to be built on any platform which is supported by
 [Rustc Tier 1 platform support](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html#tier-1-with-host-tools).
-For running AbleOS, `repbuild` uses QEMU.
+`cargo install bootimage`
-## Steps
+
-1. `git submodule update --init`
+## Running
-2. `cargo repbuild`
+repbuild can be used to run and build docs for able os
 `cargo repbuild doc`
 `cargo repbuild run`
 ## Testing on real hardware
 I recommend using an old x86_64 computer
 * `cargo run --release` to generate a binary image that is bootable
 * flash it to a USB device via `dd` or balenaEtcher
 * Remove said USB device and plug into test machine
 * assure test machine boots from USB devices
--- a/contrib/DriverDepGraph.dot
+++ b/contrib/DriverDepGraph.dot
@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
 digraph Drivers {
    InitSystem -> VFS;
    InitSystem -> Logger;
    TCP -> NetworkingStack;
    UDP -> NetworkingStack;
    NetworkingStack -> PhysLayer;
    PhysLayer -> Ethernet;
    Ethernet -> Threec90x;
    Ethernet -> Intel8254x;
    Ethernet -> Ne2000;
    Ethernet -> RTL8139;
    Ethernet -> RTL8169;
    Ethernet -> IntelEtherneti217;
    Ethernet -> AMDPCnet;
    PhysLayer -> Wifi;
    Wifi -> Eight02Dot11; 
    Audio -> PCSpeaker;
    Audio -> SoundBlaster16;
    RNG -> CpuRNG;
    RNG -> NetworkingStack;
    RNG -> GraphicsLibrary;
    RNG -> Input;
    Slint -> GraphicsLibrary;
    GraphicsLibrary -> ShaderCompiler;
    ShaderCompiler -> GraphicsDriver;
    GraphicsLibrary -> GraphicsDriver;
    // Todo: dreak out the GPU into specific drivers
    GraphicsDriver -> GPU;
    Logger -> Serial;
    Logger -> VFS;
    Input -> Keyboard;
    Input -> GraphicsTablet;
    Input -> Mouse;
    Input -> Serial; 
    Input -> Controllers;
    Controllers -> Playstation;
    Playstation -> DualShock;
    Playstation -> DualSense;
    DualShock -> DualShock1;
    DualShock -> DualShock2;
    DualShock -> DualShock3;
    DualShock -> DualShock4;
    Mouse -> PS2Mouse;
    Mouse -> USBMouse;
    USBMouse -> GenericUSBMouse;
    Mouse -> MouseTrackPad;
    Mouse -> MouseTrackPoint;
    VFS -> Fat32;
    VFS -> TarFS;
    VFS -> Ext2;
    Ext2 -> VirtualDisk;
    TarFS -> VirtualDisk;
    Fat32 -> VirtualDisk;
    VirtualDisk -> IDEDiskDriver;
    VirtualDisk -> ATADiskDriver;
    VirtualDisk -> FloppyController;
    VirtualDisk -> CDROM;
    VirtualDisk -> NVME;
    BlueToothStack;
 }
--- a/contrib/DriverDepGraph.svg
+++ b/contrib/DriverDepGraph.svg
@ -1,677 +0,0 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
 <!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
 <!-- Generated by graphviz version 2.40.1 (20161225.0304)
 -->
 <!-- Title: Drivers Pages: 1 -->
 <svg width="2629pt" height="404pt" viewBox="0.00 0.00 2628.89 404.00" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
 <g id="graph0" class="graph" transform="scale(1 1) rotate(0) translate(4 400)">
 <title>Drivers</title>
 <polygon fill="#ffffff" stroke="transparent" points="-4,4 -4,-400 2624.8933,-400 2624.8933,4 -4,4"/>
 <!-- InitSystem -->
 <g id="node1" class="node">
 <title>InitSystem</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="443.0953" cy="-378" rx="52.7642" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="443.0953" y="-373.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">InitSystem</text>
 </g>
 <!-- VFS -->
 <g id="node2" class="node">
 <title>VFS</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="409.0953" cy="-234" rx="28.991" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="409.0953" y="-229.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">VFS</text>
 </g>
 <!-- InitSystem&#45;&gt;VFS -->
 <g id="edge1" class="edge">
 <title>InitSystem-&gt;VFS</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M437.8111,-360.0742C434.7997,-349.5989 431.0497,-336.0989 428.0953,-324 423.0522,-303.3476 418.1161,-279.8366 414.5395,-262.025"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="417.9306,-261.1317 412.55,-252.0049 411.0646,-262.4951 417.9306,-261.1317"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Logger -->
 <g id="node3" class="node">
 <title>Logger</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="476.0953" cy="-306" rx="38.8459" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="476.0953" y="-301.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Logger</text>
 </g>
 <!-- InitSystem&#45;&gt;Logger -->
 <g id="edge2" class="edge">
 <title>InitSystem-&gt;Logger</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M451.2526,-360.2022C454.981,-352.0675 459.4807,-342.2501 463.6203,-333.2181"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="466.9326,-334.3915 467.9175,-323.8425 460.5691,-331.4749 466.9326,-334.3915"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Fat32 -->
 <g id="node46" class="node">
 <title>Fat32</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="282.0953" cy="-162" rx="33.0643" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="282.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Fat32</text>
 </g>
 <!-- VFS&#45;&gt;Fat32 -->
 <g id="edge46" class="edge">
 <title>VFS-&gt;Fat32</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M387.5515,-221.7862C367.3094,-210.3103 336.7716,-192.9976 313.7591,-179.9511"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="315.4597,-176.8919 305.0343,-175.0048 312.0074,-182.9814 315.4597,-176.8919"/>
 </g>
 <!-- TarFS -->
 <g id="node47" class="node">
 <title>TarFS</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="368.0953" cy="-162" rx="35.3489" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="368.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">TarFS</text>
 </g>
 <!-- VFS&#45;&gt;TarFS -->
 <g id="edge47" class="edge">
 <title>VFS-&gt;TarFS</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M399.3789,-216.937C394.4978,-208.3654 388.4765,-197.7914 383.0242,-188.2165"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="386.0167,-186.3986 378.0268,-179.4407 379.9338,-189.8625 386.0167,-186.3986"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Ext2 -->
 <g id="node48" class="node">
 <title>Ext2</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="450.0953" cy="-162" rx="29.0548" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="450.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Ext2</text>
 </g>
 <!-- VFS&#45;&gt;Ext2 -->
 <g id="edge48" class="edge">
 <title>VFS-&gt;Ext2</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M418.8117,-216.937C423.6928,-208.3654 429.7141,-197.7914 435.1664,-188.2165"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="438.2568,-189.8625 440.1638,-179.4407 432.1739,-186.3986 438.2568,-189.8625"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Logger&#45;&gt;VFS -->
 <g id="edge28" class="edge">
 <title>Logger-&gt;VFS</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M460.5557,-289.3008C451.6839,-279.7669 440.4261,-267.6689 430.7037,-257.221"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="433.0079,-254.5593 423.6333,-249.6229 427.8834,-259.328 433.0079,-254.5593"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Serial -->
 <g id="node29" class="node">
 <title>Serial</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1400.0953" cy="-234" rx="33.6208" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1400.0953" y="-229.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Serial</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Logger&#45;&gt;Serial -->
 <g id="edge27" class="edge">
 <title>Logger-&gt;Serial</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M515.2345,-305.3369C663.9095,-302.5495 1193.4867,-290.1059 1357.0953,-252 1359.9033,-251.346 1362.7624,-250.5254 1365.6042,-249.5973"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="1366.9168,-252.844 1375.0991,-246.1134 1364.5054,-246.2724 1366.9168,-252.844"/>
 </g>
 <!-- TCP -->
 <g id="node4" class="node">
 <title>TCP</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1436.0953" cy="-378" rx="28.991" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1436.0953" y="-373.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">TCP</text>
 </g>
 <!-- NetworkingStack -->
 <g id="node5" class="node">
 <title>NetworkingStack</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1398.0953" cy="-306" rx="78.7318" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1398.0953" y="-301.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">NetworkingStack</text>
 </g>
 <!-- TCP&#45;&gt;NetworkingStack -->
 <g id="edge3" class="edge">
 <title>TCP-&gt;NetworkingStack</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1426.8966,-360.5708C1422.5145,-352.2679 1417.1746,-342.1502 1412.2886,-332.8925"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="1415.3692,-331.2308 1407.6062,-324.0206 1409.1785,-334.4981 1415.3692,-331.2308"/>
 </g>
 <!-- PhysLayer -->
 <g id="node7" class="node">
 <title>PhysLayer</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1296.0953" cy="-234" rx="52.1675" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1296.0953" y="-229.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">PhysLayer</text>
 </g>
 <!-- NetworkingStack&#45;&gt;PhysLayer -->
 <g id="edge5" class="edge">
 <title>NetworkingStack-&gt;PhysLayer</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1373.6638,-288.7542C1359.8688,-279.0166 1342.4757,-266.7391 1327.6572,-256.279"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="1329.4647,-253.2707 1319.2765,-250.3632 1325.4278,-258.9895 1329.4647,-253.2707"/>
 </g>
 <!-- UDP -->
 <g id="node6" class="node">
 <title>UDP</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1359.0953" cy="-378" rx="30.1958" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1359.0953" y="-373.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">UDP</text>
 </g>
 <!-- UDP&#45;&gt;NetworkingStack -->
 <g id="edge4" class="edge">
 <title>UDP-&gt;NetworkingStack</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1368.5361,-360.5708C1373.0335,-352.2679 1378.5139,-342.1502 1383.5285,-332.8925"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="1386.6488,-334.4805 1388.3341,-324.0206 1380.4937,-331.1465 1386.6488,-334.4805"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Ethernet -->
 <g id="node8" class="node">
 <title>Ethernet</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="852.0953" cy="-162" rx="43.9983" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="852.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Ethernet</text>
 </g>
 <!-- PhysLayer&#45;&gt;Ethernet -->
 <g id="edge6" class="edge">
 <title>PhysLayer-&gt;Ethernet</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1248.5795,-226.2947C1164.418,-212.6469 989.8747,-184.3426 903.2098,-170.2888"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="903.5198,-166.7935 893.0885,-168.6475 902.3993,-173.7032 903.5198,-166.7935"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Wifi -->
 <g id="node16" class="node">
 <title>Wifi</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1314.0953" cy="-162" rx="28.9696" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1314.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Wifi</text>
 </g>
 <!-- PhysLayer&#45;&gt;Wifi -->
 <g id="edge14" class="edge">
 <title>PhysLayer-&gt;Wifi</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1300.6375,-215.8314C1302.6137,-207.9266 1304.9735,-198.4872 1307.1612,-189.7365"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="1310.587,-190.4637 1309.6169,-179.9134 1303.796,-188.7659 1310.587,-190.4637"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Threec90x -->
 <g id="node9" class="node">
 <title>Threec90x</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="452.0953" cy="-90" rx="52.1501" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="452.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Threec90x</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Ethernet&#45;&gt;Threec90x -->
 <g id="edge7" class="edge">
 <title>Ethernet-&gt;Threec90x</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M810.0127,-157.0708C745.598,-149.1277 618.8877,-131.9297 513.0953,-108 508.9759,-107.0682 504.7257,-106.013 500.4758,-104.8921"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="501.1913,-101.4591 490.6213,-102.1845 499.3366,-108.2089 501.1913,-101.4591"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Intel8254x -->
 <g id="node10" class="node">
 <title>Intel8254x</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="575.0953" cy="-90" rx="52.7527" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="575.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Intel8254x</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Ethernet&#45;&gt;Intel8254x -->
 <g id="edge8" class="edge">
 <title>Ethernet-&gt;Intel8254x</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M814.1219,-153.017C770.8839,-142.6703 698.1916,-124.9158 636.0953,-108 632.3083,-106.9684 628.3969,-105.8762 624.4686,-104.7602"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="625.3084,-101.3599 614.7304,-101.9578 623.3725,-108.0868 625.3084,-101.3599"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Ne2000 -->
 <g id="node11" class="node">
 <title>Ne2000</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="687.0953" cy="-90" rx="41.7172" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="687.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Ne2000</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Ethernet&#45;&gt;Ne2000 -->
 <g id="edge9" class="edge">
 <title>Ethernet-&gt;Ne2000</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M821.8318,-148.7941C794.9169,-137.0494 755.4014,-119.8063 726.1176,-107.0279"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="727.1771,-103.6716 716.6118,-102.8799 724.3774,-110.0873 727.1771,-103.6716"/>
 </g>
 <!-- RTL8139 -->
 <g id="node12" class="node">
 <title>RTL8139</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="795.0953" cy="-90" rx="48.6791" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="795.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">RTL8139</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Ethernet&#45;&gt;RTL8139 -->
 <g id="edge10" class="edge">
 <title>Ethernet-&gt;RTL8139</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M838.2972,-144.5708C831.4167,-135.8797 822.962,-125.2001 815.3618,-115.5998"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="817.9151,-113.1862 808.9639,-107.5182 812.4268,-117.5312 817.9151,-113.1862"/>
 </g>
 <!-- RTL8169 -->
 <g id="node13" class="node">
 <title>RTL8169</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="910.0953" cy="-90" rx="48.6791" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="910.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">RTL8169</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Ethernet&#45;&gt;RTL8169 -->
 <g id="edge11" class="edge">
 <title>Ethernet-&gt;RTL8169</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M866.1355,-144.5708C873.2597,-135.7269 882.0427,-124.8239 889.8803,-115.0945"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="892.6367,-117.2519 896.1844,-107.2687 887.1854,-112.8606 892.6367,-117.2519"/>
 </g>
 <!-- IntelEtherneti217 -->
 <g id="node14" class="node">
 <title>IntelEtherneti217</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1055.0953" cy="-90" rx="78.7298" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1055.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">IntelEtherneti217</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Ethernet&#45;&gt;IntelEtherneti217 -->
 <g id="edge12" class="edge">
 <title>Ethernet-&gt;IntelEtherneti217</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M885.6166,-150.1107C917.4561,-138.8178 965.8122,-121.6669 1002.7343,-108.5714"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="1004.084,-111.8064 1012.3387,-105.1649 1001.744,-105.2091 1004.084,-111.8064"/>
 </g>
 <!-- AMDPCnet -->
 <g id="node15" class="node">
 <title>AMDPCnet</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1209.0953" cy="-90" rx="57.3418" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1209.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">AMDPCnet</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Ethernet&#45;&gt;AMDPCnet -->
 <g id="edge13" class="edge">
 <title>Ethernet-&gt;AMDPCnet</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M893.2785,-155.4619C949.8599,-146.2284 1054.687,-128.222 1143.0953,-108 1147.513,-106.9895 1152.0799,-105.8804 1156.6536,-104.7245"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="1157.8203,-108.0378 1166.6214,-102.1393 1156.063,-101.2619 1157.8203,-108.0378"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Eight02Dot11 -->
 <g id="node17" class="node">
 <title>Eight02Dot11</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1350.0953" cy="-90" rx="65.5161" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1350.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Eight02Dot11</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Wifi&#45;&gt;Eight02Dot11 -->
 <g id="edge15" class="edge">
 <title>Wifi-&gt;Eight02Dot11</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1322.8099,-144.5708C1326.9181,-136.3544 1331.9149,-126.3608 1336.5042,-117.1821"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="1339.7433,-118.5301 1341.085,-108.0206 1333.4823,-115.3996 1339.7433,-118.5301"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Audio -->
 <g id="node18" class="node">
 <title>Audio</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2420.0953" cy="-378" rx="35.3548" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2420.0953" y="-373.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Audio</text>
 </g>
 <!-- PCSpeaker -->
 <g id="node19" class="node">
 <title>PCSpeaker</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2348.0953" cy="-306" rx="53.8905" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2348.0953" y="-301.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">PCSpeaker</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Audio&#45;&gt;PCSpeaker -->
 <g id="edge16" class="edge">
 <title>Audio-&gt;PCSpeaker</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M2403.7574,-361.6621C2394.5427,-352.4474 2382.8487,-340.7534 2372.5602,-330.4649"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="2374.9186,-327.8735 2365.3726,-323.2773 2369.9688,-332.8233 2374.9186,-327.8735"/>
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 <!-- SoundBlaster16 -->
 <g id="node20" class="node">
 <title>SoundBlaster16</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2493.0953" cy="-306" rx="72.9547" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2493.0953" y="-301.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">SoundBlaster16</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Audio&#45;&gt;SoundBlaster16 -->
 <g id="edge17" class="edge">
 <title>Audio-&gt;SoundBlaster16</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M2436.2964,-362.0209C2445.5577,-352.8864 2457.3757,-341.2303 2467.8308,-330.9184"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="2470.485,-333.2166 2475.1469,-323.7025 2465.5695,-328.2328 2470.485,-333.2166"/>
 </g>
 <!-- RNG -->
 <g id="node21" class="node">
 <title>RNG</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1676.0953" cy="-378" rx="31.339" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1676.0953" y="-373.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">RNG</text>
 </g>
 <!-- RNG&#45;&gt;NetworkingStack -->
 <g id="edge19" class="edge">
 <title>RNG-&gt;NetworkingStack</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1647.3915,-370.5659C1603.4593,-359.1878 1518.5016,-337.1844 1460.0749,-322.0523"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- CpuRNG -->
 <g id="node22" class="node">
 <title>CpuRNG</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1725.0953" cy="-306" rx="47.5332" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1725.0953" y="-301.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">CpuRNG</text>
 </g>
 <!-- RNG&#45;&gt;CpuRNG -->
 <g id="edge18" class="edge">
 <title>RNG-&gt;CpuRNG</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1687.7076,-360.937C1693.6012,-352.277 1700.8858,-341.5731 1707.4548,-331.9207"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- GraphicsLibrary -->
 <g id="node23" class="node">
 <title>GraphicsLibrary</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2201.0953" cy="-306" rx="74.6976" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2201.0953" y="-301.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">GraphicsLibrary</text>
 </g>
 <!-- RNG&#45;&gt;GraphicsLibrary -->
 <g id="edge20" class="edge">
 <title>RNG-&gt;GraphicsLibrary</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1706.9764,-373.7649C1788.0277,-362.6493 2008.637,-332.3943 2125.7369,-316.3349"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- Input -->
 <g id="node24" class="node">
 <title>Input</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1628.0953" cy="-306" rx="31.341" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1628.0953" y="-301.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Input</text>
 </g>
 <!-- RNG&#45;&gt;Input -->
 <g id="edge21" class="edge">
 <title>RNG-&gt;Input</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1664.72,-360.937C1658.8617,-352.1496 1651.6005,-341.2579 1645.0924,-331.4956"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- ShaderCompiler -->
 <g id="node26" class="node">
 <title>ShaderCompiler</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2303.0953" cy="-234" rx="74.1566" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2303.0953" y="-229.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">ShaderCompiler</text>
 </g>
 <!-- GraphicsLibrary&#45;&gt;ShaderCompiler -->
 <g id="edge23" class="edge">
 <title>GraphicsLibrary-&gt;ShaderCompiler</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M2225.2679,-288.937C2238.7614,-279.4122 2255.7576,-267.4149 2270.4221,-257.0635"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- GraphicsDriver -->
 <g id="node27" class="node">
 <title>GraphicsDriver</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2303.0953" cy="-162" rx="71.1843" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2303.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">GraphicsDriver</text>
 </g>
 <!-- GraphicsLibrary&#45;&gt;GraphicsDriver -->
 <g id="edge25" class="edge">
 <title>GraphicsLibrary-&gt;GraphicsDriver</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M2200.955,-287.8528C2201.653,-268.4612 2205.2852,-237.6002 2220.0953,-216 2229.5949,-202.1451 2243.9358,-190.9993 2258.0378,-182.5131"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- Input&#45;&gt;Serial -->
 <g id="edge32" class="edge">
 <title>Input-&gt;Serial</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1599.2541,-298.6597C1562.5858,-289.0822 1497.5027,-271.2595 1443.0953,-252 1440.6921,-251.1493 1438.2293,-250.2354 1435.758,-249.2868"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- Keyboard -->
 <g id="node30" class="node">
 <title>Keyboard</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1628.0953" cy="-234" rx="49.2202" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1628.0953" y="-229.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Keyboard</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Input&#45;&gt;Keyboard -->
 <g id="edge29" class="edge">
 <title>Input-&gt;Keyboard</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1628.0953,-287.8314C1628.0953,-280.131 1628.0953,-270.9743 1628.0953,-262.4166"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- GraphicsTablet -->
 <g id="node31" class="node">
 <title>GraphicsTablet</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1766.0953" cy="-234" rx="70.622" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1766.0953" y="-229.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">GraphicsTablet</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Input&#45;&gt;GraphicsTablet -->
 <g id="edge30" class="edge">
 <title>Input-&gt;GraphicsTablet</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1651.5051,-293.7862C1671.8931,-283.149 1701.8932,-267.4967 1726.0835,-254.8757"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- Mouse -->
 <g id="node32" class="node">
 <title>Mouse</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1892.0953" cy="-234" rx="37.1405" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1892.0953" y="-229.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Mouse</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Input&#45;&gt;Mouse -->
 <g id="edge31" class="edge">
 <title>Input-&gt;Mouse</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1652.2936,-294.0726C1657.4281,-291.8373 1662.8757,-289.6789 1668.0953,-288 1744.9312,-263.2853 1768.6672,-274.7915 1846.0953,-252 1848.7047,-251.2319 1851.3737,-250.3778 1854.0474,-249.4708"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- Controllers -->
 <g id="node33" class="node">
 <title>Controllers</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1506.0953" cy="-234" rx="54.4701" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1506.0953" y="-229.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Controllers</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Input&#45;&gt;Controllers -->
 <g id="edge33" class="edge">
 <title>Input-&gt;Controllers</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1606.002,-292.9613C1588.1773,-282.4418 1562.7456,-267.433 1542.0025,-255.1911"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="1543.5325,-252.03 1533.1415,-249.9617 1539.9747,-258.0585 1543.5325,-252.03"/>
 </g>
 <!-- Slint -->
 <g id="node25" class="node">
 <title>Slint</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2201.0953" cy="-378" rx="29.0701" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2201.0953" y="-373.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Slint</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Slint&#45;&gt;GraphicsLibrary -->
 <g id="edge22" class="edge">
 <title>Slint-&gt;GraphicsLibrary</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M2201.0953,-359.8314C2201.0953,-352.131 2201.0953,-342.9743 2201.0953,-334.4166"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- ShaderCompiler&#45;&gt;GraphicsDriver -->
 <g id="edge24" class="edge">
 <title>ShaderCompiler-&gt;GraphicsDriver</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M2303.0953,-215.8314C2303.0953,-208.131 2303.0953,-198.9743 2303.0953,-190.4166"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- GPU -->
 <g id="node28" class="node">
 <title>GPU</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2303.0953" cy="-90" rx="30.1958" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2303.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">GPU</text>
 </g>
 <!-- GraphicsDriver&#45;&gt;GPU -->
 <g id="edge26" class="edge">
 <title>GraphicsDriver-&gt;GPU</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M2303.0953,-143.8314C2303.0953,-136.131 2303.0953,-126.9743 2303.0953,-118.4166"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- PS2Mouse -->
 <g id="node41" class="node">
 <title>PS2Mouse</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2161.0953" cy="-162" rx="52.77" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2161.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">PS2Mouse</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Mouse&#45;&gt;PS2Mouse -->
 <g id="edge41" class="edge">
 <title>Mouse-&gt;PS2Mouse</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1925.5125,-225.5822C1966.4961,-215.1894 2038.0464,-196.8215 2099.0953,-180 2102.9364,-178.9416 2106.9061,-177.8301 2110.8948,-176.7007"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- USBMouse -->
 <g id="node42" class="node">
 <title>USBMouse</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1689.0953" cy="-162" rx="56.1995" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1689.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">USBMouse</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Mouse&#45;&gt;USBMouse -->
 <g id="edge42" class="edge">
 <title>Mouse-&gt;USBMouse</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1862.9639,-222.3895C1857.3804,-220.2241 1851.569,-218.0113 1846.0953,-216 1810.0856,-202.7684 1769.0818,-188.6989 1738.0104,-178.2392"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- MouseTrackPad -->
 <g id="node44" class="node">
 <title>MouseTrackPad</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1837.0953" cy="-162" rx="74.1393" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1837.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">MouseTrackPad</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Mouse&#45;&gt;MouseTrackPad -->
 <g id="edge44" class="edge">
 <title>Mouse-&gt;MouseTrackPad</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1879.0611,-216.937C1872.4765,-208.3173 1864.3453,-197.6727 1856.9988,-188.0555"/>
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 <!-- MouseTrackPoint -->
 <g id="node45" class="node">
 <title>MouseTrackPoint</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2010.0953" cy="-162" rx="80.4577" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2010.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">MouseTrackPoint</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Mouse&#45;&gt;MouseTrackPoint -->
 <g id="edge45" class="edge">
 <title>Mouse-&gt;MouseTrackPoint</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1915.4083,-219.7751C1931.9914,-209.6566 1954.5994,-195.8619 1973.5655,-184.2894"/>
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 </g>
 <!-- Playstation -->
 <g id="node34" class="node">
 <title>Playstation</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1506.0953" cy="-162" rx="53.9078" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1506.0953" y="-157.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">Playstation</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Controllers&#45;&gt;Playstation -->
 <g id="edge34" class="edge">
 <title>Controllers-&gt;Playstation</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1506.0953,-215.8314C1506.0953,-208.131 1506.0953,-198.9743 1506.0953,-190.4166"/>
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 <!-- DualShock -->
 <g id="node35" class="node">
 <title>DualShock</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1488.0953" cy="-90" rx="53.8943" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1488.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">DualShock</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Playstation&#45;&gt;DualShock -->
 <g id="edge35" class="edge">
 <title>Playstation-&gt;DualShock</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1501.5531,-143.8314C1499.6069,-136.0463 1497.2885,-126.7729 1495.129,-118.1347"/>
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 <!-- DualSense -->
 <g id="node36" class="node">
 <title>DualSense</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1612.0953" cy="-90" rx="52.1655" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1612.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">DualSense</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Playstation&#45;&gt;DualSense -->
 <g id="edge36" class="edge">
 <title>Playstation-&gt;DualSense</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1529.8838,-145.8418C1544.6134,-135.8368 1563.7207,-122.8582 1579.8071,-111.9316"/>
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 <!-- DualShock1 -->
 <g id="node37" class="node">
 <title>DualShock1</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1420.0953" cy="-18" rx="58.5521" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1420.0953" y="-13.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">DualShock1</text>
 </g>
 <!-- DualShock&#45;&gt;DualShock1 -->
 <g id="edge37" class="edge">
 <title>DualShock-&gt;DualShock1</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1471.6344,-72.5708C1463.2603,-63.7041 1452.9315,-52.7678 1443.7247,-43.0194"/>
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 <!-- DualShock2 -->
 <g id="node38" class="node">
 <title>DualShock2</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1556.0953" cy="-18" rx="58.5521" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1556.0953" y="-13.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">DualShock2</text>
 </g>
 <!-- DualShock&#45;&gt;DualShock2 -->
 <g id="edge38" class="edge">
 <title>DualShock-&gt;DualShock2</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1504.5562,-72.5708C1512.9303,-63.7041 1523.2591,-52.7678 1532.4659,-43.0194"/>
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 <!-- DualShock3 -->
 <g id="node39" class="node">
 <title>DualShock3</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1692.0953" cy="-18" rx="58.5521" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1692.0953" y="-13.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">DualShock3</text>
 </g>
 <!-- DualShock&#45;&gt;DualShock3 -->
 <g id="edge39" class="edge">
 <title>DualShock-&gt;DualShock3</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1525.512,-76.7941C1558.7364,-65.0678 1607.4912,-47.8603 1643.6793,-35.088"/>
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 <!-- DualShock4 -->
 <g id="node40" class="node">
 <title>DualShock4</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1284.0953" cy="-18" rx="58.5521" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1284.0953" y="-13.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">DualShock4</text>
 </g>
 <!-- DualShock&#45;&gt;DualShock4 -->
 <g id="edge40" class="edge">
 <title>DualShock-&gt;DualShock4</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M1450.6786,-76.7941C1417.4541,-65.0678 1368.6994,-47.8603 1332.5113,-35.088"/>
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 <!-- GenericUSBMouse -->
 <g id="node43" class="node">
 <title>GenericUSBMouse</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="1769.0953" cy="-90" rx="86.8165" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="1769.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">GenericUSBMouse</text>
 </g>
 <!-- USBMouse&#45;&gt;GenericUSBMouse -->
 <g id="edge43" class="edge">
 <title>USBMouse-&gt;GenericUSBMouse</title>
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 <!-- VirtualDisk -->
 <g id="node49" class="node">
 <title>VirtualDisk</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="325.0953" cy="-90" rx="56.7561" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="325.0953" y="-85.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">VirtualDisk</text>
 </g>
 <!-- Fat32&#45;&gt;VirtualDisk -->
 <g id="edge51" class="edge">
 <title>Fat32-&gt;VirtualDisk</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M292.5044,-144.5708C297.5524,-136.1184 303.7236,-125.7851 309.3328,-116.3931"/>
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 <!-- TarFS&#45;&gt;VirtualDisk -->
 <g id="edge50" class="edge">
 <title>TarFS-&gt;VirtualDisk</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M357.6862,-144.5708C352.6382,-136.1184 346.467,-125.7851 340.8578,-116.3931"/>
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 <!-- Ext2&#45;&gt;VirtualDisk -->
 <g id="edge49" class="edge">
 <title>Ext2-&gt;VirtualDisk</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M428.607,-149.6228C410.2018,-139.0214 383.3012,-123.5266 361.5364,-110.9901"/>
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 <!-- IDEDiskDriver -->
 <g id="node50" class="node">
 <title>IDEDiskDriver</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="453.0953" cy="-18" rx="70.622" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="453.0953" y="-13.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">IDEDiskDriver</text>
 </g>
 <!-- VirtualDisk&#45;&gt;IDEDiskDriver -->
 <g id="edge52" class="edge">
 <title>VirtualDisk-&gt;IDEDiskDriver</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M353.1854,-74.1993C371.3097,-64.0044 395.1147,-50.6141 414.9419,-39.4613"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="416.7372,-42.4672 423.737,-34.514 413.3053,-36.3662 416.7372,-42.4672"/>
 </g>
 <!-- ATADiskDriver -->
 <g id="node51" class="node">
 <title>ATADiskDriver</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="616.0953" cy="-18" rx="74.1354" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="616.0953" y="-13.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">ATADiskDriver</text>
 </g>
 <!-- VirtualDisk&#45;&gt;ATADiskDriver -->
 <g id="edge53" class="edge">
 <title>VirtualDisk-&gt;ATADiskDriver</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M368.0029,-78.0928C375.6815,-76.0205 383.6171,-73.9167 391.0953,-72 445.1811,-58.1378 506.8603,-43.4105 551.945,-32.8436"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="552.9392,-36.2055 561.879,-30.5196 551.3446,-29.3896 552.9392,-36.2055"/>
 </g>
 <!-- FloppyController -->
 <g id="node52" class="node">
 <title>FloppyController</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="78.0953" cy="-18" rx="78.1907" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="78.0953" y="-13.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">FloppyController</text>
 </g>
 <!-- VirtualDisk&#45;&gt;FloppyController -->
 <g id="edge54" class="edge">
 <title>VirtualDisk-&gt;FloppyController</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M283.1951,-77.7862C242.8032,-66.012 181.3328,-48.0935 136.2175,-34.9425"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="137.1453,-31.5673 126.5653,-32.1289 135.1863,-38.2877 137.1453,-31.5673"/>
 </g>
 <!-- CDROM -->
 <g id="node53" class="node">
 <title>CDROM</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="221.0953" cy="-18" rx="46.3875" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="221.0953" y="-13.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">CDROM</text>
 </g>
 <!-- VirtualDisk&#45;&gt;CDROM -->
 <g id="edge55" class="edge">
 <title>VirtualDisk-&gt;CDROM</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M301.2356,-73.4817C286.7642,-63.4631 268.1319,-50.5638 252.4754,-39.7247"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="254.3431,-36.7608 244.1289,-33.9463 250.3586,-42.5161 254.3431,-36.7608"/>
 </g>
 <!-- NVME -->
 <g id="node54" class="node">
 <title>NVME</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="325.0953" cy="-18" rx="39.4254" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="325.0953" y="-13.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">NVME</text>
 </g>
 <!-- VirtualDisk&#45;&gt;NVME -->
 <g id="edge56" class="edge">
 <title>VirtualDisk-&gt;NVME</title>
 <path fill="none" stroke="#000000" d="M325.0953,-71.8314C325.0953,-64.131 325.0953,-54.9743 325.0953,-46.4166"/>
 <polygon fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" points="328.5954,-46.4132 325.0953,-36.4133 321.5954,-46.4133 328.5954,-46.4132"/>
 </g>
 <!-- BlueToothStack -->
 <g id="node55" class="node">
 <title>BlueToothStack</title>
 <ellipse fill="none" stroke="#000000" cx="2547.0953" cy="-378" rx="73.5965" ry="18"/>
 <text text-anchor="middle" x="2547.0953" y="-373.8" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="14.00" fill="#000000">BlueToothStack</text>
 </g>
 </g>
 </svg>
--- a/contrib/README.md
+++ b/contrib/README.md
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
 # Commit style
 `[SCOPE]: [COMMENT]`
 SCOPE is what you changed 
 COMMENT is why you changed that
--- a/contrib/TODO.md
+++ b/contrib/TODO.md
@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
 # TODO
 - Build out the object system
 - Build or Find an acceptable IDL
    Short List of potentials
    - [comline](https://git.ablecorp.us/DOOME1M8Cover/comline)
 - Work on a styleguide for commits
    Maybe something allong the lines of 
        [relevant shorthand note] Explination 
 - Language support on HBVM
    - HBVM assembler (with IDL support)
    - HBVM Lisp/s-expr Compiler (Also (with (IDL (support))))
 - Documentation
 - Drivers
    - serial driver
    - PS/2 mouse driver
    - PS/2 Keyboard driver
    - VGA driver
    - SVGA driver
    - File system
        - Depends on Disk driver
        - TarFS
            Pass in a tar file as an initrd and parse it with TarFS
    - VFS
            Being (written)[https://git.ablecorp.us/bee/ableos-vfs] by Bee
    - Disk driver
        - IDE Driver
        - ATA Driver
        - Floppy Driver
    - A ton more
 - Port (Slint)[https://slint.dev]
    - Depends on 
        - Graphics Driver
--- a/contrib/design.dot
+++ b/contrib/design.dot
@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
 strict graph OS {
    layout=dot;
    ModelingSoftware -- GraphicsAPI;
    ModelingSoftware -- HID;
    ModelingSoftware -- VFS;
    GameEngine3D -- GraphicsAPI;
    GameEngine3D -- VFS;
    GameEngine3D -- AudioSubsystem;
    GameEngine3D -- HID;
    GameEngine3D -- Networking;
    Git -- VFS;
    Git -- Networking;
    ListFile -- VFS;
    MakeFile -- VFS;
    AudioSubsystem -- AbleOSInterface;
    GraphicsAPI -- AbleOSInterface;
    HID -- AbleOSInterface;
    Networking -- AbleOSInterface;
    FatFileSystemProc -- VFS;
    NTFSFileSystemProc -- VFS;
    EXT2 -- VFS;
    FatFileSystemProc -- DriveSystemProc;
    NTFSFileSystemProc -- DriveSystemProc;
    EXT2 -- DriveSystemProc;
    DriveSystemProc -- AbleOSInterface;
    AbleOSInterface -- DriveSystemProc;
    AbleOSInterface -- Kernel;
    Kernel -- x86HAL;
    Kernel -- riscvHAL;
    Kernel -- aarch64HAL;
    x86HAL -- GPU;
    riscvHAL -- GPU;
    aarch64HAL -- GPU;
    x86HAL -- SoundCard;
    riscvHAL -- SoundCard;
    aarch64HAL -- SoundCard;
 }
--- a/kernel/Cargo.toml
+++ b/kernel/Cargo.toml
@ -3,33 +3,20 @@ edition = "2021"
 name = "kernel"
 version = "0.2.0"
 [dependencies]
-embedded-graphics = "0.7"
+elfloader   = "0.16"
-hbvm.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/holey-bytes"
+error-stack = { version = "0.3", default-features = false}
-log = "0.4"
+log         = "0.4"
-spin = "0.9"
+spin        = "0.9"
-uart_16550 = "0.2"
+uart_16550  = "0.2"
-slab = { version = "0.4", default-features = false }
+slab        = { version = "0.4", default-features = false }
-xml.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
+versioning  = { git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/able/aos_userland" }
 versioning.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
 able_graphics_library.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
 hashbrown = "*"
 kiam = "0.1.1"
 [dependencies.limine]
 version = "0.1"
 git = "https://github.com/limine-bootloader/limine-rs"
 [dependencies.crossbeam-queue]
 version = "0.3"
 default-features = false
 features = ["alloc"]
 [dependencies.clparse]
 git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
 default-features = false
 [dependencies.derive_more]
 version = "0.99"
 default-features = false
@ -46,14 +33,10 @@ features = [
    "sum",
 ]
 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")'.dependencies]
 limine = { version = "0.1", git = "https://github.com/limine-bootloader/limine-rs" }
 x86_64 = "0.14"
 x2apic = "0.4"
 virtio-drivers = "0.4.0"
 # rdrand = "*"
 rdrand = { version = "0.8", default-features = false }
 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "riscv64")'.dependencies]
 sbi = "0.2.0"
--- a/kernel/data/⑨.
+++ b/kernel/data/⑨.
@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
                      .////                           *(####                    
                     (####((/,                      (########,                  
                    (##%##(###((                 ,(#########%#                  
                    #%%%%###(###((.            *((####%%&%%%%#                  
                   .#####%%%%%####((.        *(####%&&&&&%%%%#                  
                    #(((((((##%%&&%#((/    /#(##%&&%##########                  
                    /######%%%%%%%(..........(#%%%%%%#####%%#                   
                    ,#%%%%%%#/...... ..............,&&&%%###.                   
                    ,%%#(#(...........................(#&&%%#                   
                    .###%...............................%%#(#.                  
                     #%&.................................%#                     
                   ,%&&*.................................&&%(                   
                   %%#//........./............*/..,......&&&%#                  
                        .......,..............*,*.,,,,,,.                       
                       ......./....,.........*,,,,.,,,,,,                       
                       ,...../..(###%,.....&*&%###/..,.,,.                      
                       ,,..../%(((#(,.....,%%%%###,..,..,.                      
                      .,,*.../..,#,.........,(&(,,**.,,,,,                      
                       ,/((..,*..........,,.,,,,,**.,##((                       
                         /(((%%%,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,#/##(,(/                       
                           .***..(,.#%%%&&#/%,,(%*,,**#                         
                          **,...,(#%%%%&#%%%#%%%%,,.,,***.                      
                        .....,*,*#%%%%%###%##%%%&,,*,,....                      
                    ......,*/.  (############%%%&&&&#*,,....                    
                    ...,*,..,(((((((((((#((((((((((((&&&#*,                     
                        ,##///////(((((((((((((#///#///(##/.                    
                      /*/**//... ...**(((((((,.      .,*......                  
                    .......      ......,,/*,.     ...........                   
                    ,..,,,,......   .. ....   ,,....... ..,,,                   
                         ........,.,.,*//////*,......,.                         
                          ...,,,,               ,,,,,,        
--- a/kernel/lds/aarch64-qemu.ld
+++ b/kernel/lds/aarch64-qemu.ld
@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
 ENTRY(_kernel_start)
 SECTIONS
 {
    . = 0xffffffff80000000;
    .text.boot : { *(.text.boot) }
    .text : { *(.text) }
    .data : { *(.data) }
    .rodata : { *(.rodata) }
    .bss : {
        *(COMMON)
        *(.bss .bss.*)
        /* Align initial kernel heap to page boundary */
        . = ALIGN(4K);
        PROVIDE(_initial_kernel_heap_start = .);
        /* PROVIDE(_initial_kernel_heap_size = 1024 * 1024); */
        PROVIDE(_initial_kernel_heap_size = 1024 * 4096 * 100);
        . += _initial_kernel_heap_size;
    } :data
    . = ALIGN(8);
    . = . + 0x4000;
    LD_STACK_PTR = .;
 }
--- a/kernel/lds/x86_64.ld
+++ b/kernel/lds/x86_64.ld
@ -47,8 +47,7 @@ SECTIONS
        /* Align initial kernel heap to page boundary */
        . = ALIGN(4K);
        PROVIDE(_initial_kernel_heap_start = .);
-        /* PROVIDE(_initial_kernel_heap_size = 1024 * 1024); */
+        PROVIDE(_initial_kernel_heap_size = 1024 * 1024);
        PROVIDE(_initial_kernel_heap_size = 1024 * 4096 * 100);
        . += _initial_kernel_heap_size;
    } :data
 }
--- a/kernel/src/allocator.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/allocator.rs
@ -27,16 +27,14 @@
 *    OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
-use {
+use core::{
-    core::{
+    alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout},
-        alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout},
+    mem,
-        mem,
+    ptr::{self, NonNull},
        ptr::{self, NonNull},
    },
    log::trace,
    spin::Mutex,
 };
 use spin::Mutex;
 struct Allocator(Mutex<Option<Heap>>);
 unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for Allocator {
@ -62,7 +60,7 @@ static ALLOCATOR: Allocator = Allocator(Mutex::new(None));
 // FIXME: umm is `memory` VirtualAddress or PhysicalAddress? both?
 pub fn init(memory: *mut u8, memory_size: usize) {
-    trace!("Initialising kernel heap allocator");
+    log::info!("Initialising kernel heap allocator");
    *ALLOCATOR.0.lock() = Some(unsafe { Heap::new(memory, memory_size) });
 }
@ -146,30 +144,19 @@ impl Heap {
        self.allocated_chunks += chunks_needed;
        let ptr: *mut u8 = unsafe { mem::transmute(header.add(1)) };
-        {
+        // FIXME: zero or scrub memory?
            #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
            trace!("Allocating   {:?}", ptr);
        }
        unsafe { core::ptr::write_bytes(ptr, 0, size) };
        assert!(ptr.is_aligned_to(alignment));
        NonNull::new(ptr)
    }
    fn deallocate(&mut self, ptr: *mut u8) {
        {
            #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
            log::trace!("Deallocating {:?}", ptr);
        }
        let header = Self::allocation_header(ptr);
        let start = (header as usize - self.chunks as usize) / CHUNK_SIZE;
        assert!(self.bitmap_get(start));
        let size = unsafe { (*header).size_in_chunks };
        self.bitmap_set_range(start, size, false);
        self.allocated_chunks -= size;
-        // FIXME: zero out memory to prevent leaking data
+        // FIXME: zero or scrub memory?
        //     REPLY: When we zero on alloc, do we really need it?
    }
    /// Finds first hole that can fit an allocation of `size` chunks, returns the start of the
@ -251,10 +238,7 @@ impl Heap {
                return Some(start_of_free_chunks);
            }
        }
-        #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+
        {
            trace!("No first fit found");
        }
        None
    }
@ -324,7 +308,7 @@ impl Heap {
        (unsafe { *self.bitmap.add(index / 8) } & (1 << (index % 8))) != 0
    }
-    pub const fn free_chunks(&self) -> usize {
+    const fn free_chunks(&self) -> usize {
        self.total_chunks - self.allocated_chunks
    }
@ -341,11 +325,5 @@ unsafe impl Send for Heap {}
 #[alloc_error_handler]
 fn alloc_error_handler(layout: alloc::alloc::Layout) -> ! {
-    log::error!("allocation error: {:?}", layout);
+    crate::arch::sloop()
    // Todo: Maybe panic here instead
    crate::arch::spin_loop()
 }
 pub fn get_free_chunks_count() -> usize {
    ALLOCATOR.0.lock().as_ref().unwrap().free_chunks()
 }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/aarch64/device_info_collector.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/aarch64/device_info_collector.rs
@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
 use {
    crate::{alloc::string::ToString, device_tree::DeviceTree, kmain::DEVICE_TREE},
    alloc::string::String,
    core::arch::asm,
    xml::XMLElement,
 };
 pub fn collect_device_info() {
    log::trace!("Collecting devices on aarch64");
    // Lock device tree
    unsafe {
        DEVICE_TREE.force_unlock();
    }
    let device_tree = &mut DEVICE_TREE.lock();
    collect_cpu_info(device_tree);
    // let dt = DEVICE_TREE.lock();
 }
 fn collect_cpu_info(device_tree: &mut DeviceTree) {
    let mut cpu = XMLElement::new("cpu");
    let cpu_id = cpu_id();
    cpu.set_attribute("CPU Name", cpu_id.0);
    cpu.set_attribute("CPU Id", cpu_id.1);
    let cpus = device_tree.devices.get_mut("CPUs").unwrap();
    cpus.push(cpu);
 }
 fn cpu_id() -> (String, u64) {
    let mut cpu_id: u64 = 0;
    unsafe {
        asm!("mrs {cpu_id}, MIDR_EL1",
                cpu_id = out(reg) cpu_id,
        )
    }
    let cpu_name = match cpu_id {
        // the source of these two was a stackoverflow question
        // https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/117175/how-do-i-read-the-cpuid-in-aarch64-asm
        0x410FD034 => "Cortex-A53".to_string(),
        0x410FD083 => "Cortex-A72".to_string(),
        _ => "Unknown".to_string(),
    };
    log::trace!("CPU Name: {cpu_name} - CPU ID: 0x{:X}", cpu_id);
    (cpu_name, cpu_id)
 }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/aarch64/logging.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/aarch64/logging.rs
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
 use {crate::logger::TERMINAL_LOGGER, core::fmt::Write, spin::Mutex};
 const SERIAL_CONSOLE: Mutex<SerialConsole> = Mutex::new(SerialConsole {
    uart: 0x09000000 as *mut u8,
 });
 struct SerialConsole {
    uart: *mut u8,
 }
 impl core::fmt::Write for SerialConsole {
    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> core::fmt::Result {
        for c in s.chars() {
            unsafe { *self.uart = c as u8 }
        }
        Ok(())
    }
 }
 pub fn log(args: core::fmt::Arguments<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
    SERIAL_CONSOLE.lock().write_fmt(args)?;
    TERMINAL_LOGGER.lock().write_fmt(args)?;
    Ok(())
 }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/aarch64/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/aarch64/mod.rs
@ -1,118 +1 @@
-pub use logging::log;
+//! 
 use {
    crate::{allocator, bootmodules::BootModule, kmain::kmain},
    core::arch::asm,
    limine::FramebufferRequest,
 };
 mod device_info_collector;
 use device_info_collector::collect_device_info;
 pub mod logging;
 use limine::HhdmRequest;
 extern "C" {
    fn _initial_kernel_heap_start();
    fn _initial_kernel_heap_size();
 }
 const INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_START: *mut u8 = _initial_kernel_heap_start as _;
 const INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE: *const () = _initial_kernel_heap_size as _;
 pub const PAGE_SIZE: usize = 4096;
 static FB_REQ: FramebufferRequest = FramebufferRequest::new(0);
 #[no_mangle]
 unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
    crate::logger::init().expect("failed to set logger");
    log::info!("Initialising AKern {}", crate::VERSION);
    static HDHM_REQ: HhdmRequest = HhdmRequest::new(0);
    // memory::init_pt(VirtAddr::new(
    //     HDHM_REQ
    //         .get_response()
    //         .get()
    //         .expect("tried to get physical memory mapping offset from Limine")
    //         .offset,
    // ));
    allocator::init(INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_START, INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE as _);
    collect_device_info();
    let bm = MOD_REQ.get_response().get();
    use limine::{KernelFileRequest, ModuleRequest};
    static KFILE_REQ: KernelFileRequest = KernelFileRequest::new(0);
    static MOD_REQ: ModuleRequest = ModuleRequest::new(0);
    let mut bootmodules = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
    if bm.is_some() {
        let bm = bm.unwrap();
        for x in 0..bm.module_count {
            let file = bm.modules().get(x as usize);
            if file.is_some() {
                let file = file.unwrap();
                let raw_bytes = core::slice::from_raw_parts(
                    file.base.as_ptr().expect("invalid initrd"),
                    file.length as usize,
                )
                .to_vec();
                let file_path = alloc::string::String::from_utf8(
                    file.path.to_str().unwrap().to_bytes().to_vec(),
                );
                if file_path.is_err() {
                    panic!("invalid file path: {:?}", file_path);
                }
                let file_cmd = alloc::string::String::from_utf8(
                    file.cmdline.to_str().unwrap().to_bytes().to_vec(),
                );
                if file_cmd.is_err() {
                    panic!("invalid module cmd: {:?}", file_cmd);
                }
                log::trace!("module path: {:?}", file_path);
                log::trace!("module cmd: {:?}", file_cmd);
                bootmodules.push(BootModule::new(
                    file_path.unwrap(),
                    raw_bytes,
                    file_cmd.unwrap(),
                ));
            } else {
                log::error!("You should not be here");
                break;
            }
        }
        log::info!("Boot module count: {:?}", bootmodules.len());
        assert_eq!(bm.module_count, bootmodules.len() as u64);
    }
    crate::kmain::kmain(
        KFILE_REQ
            .get_response()
            .get()
            .and_then(|r| r.kernel_file.get())
            .expect("failed to get kernel file from Limine")
            .cmdline
            .to_str()
            .map(core::ffi::CStr::to_str)
            .transpose()
            .expect("expected valid cmdline string")
            .unwrap_or_default(),
        bootmodules,
    );
    spin_loop();
 }
 pub fn spin_loop() -> ! {
    loop {
        unsafe { asm!("wfi") }
    }
 }
 pub fn hardware_random_u64() -> u64 {
    0
 }
 pub fn register_dump() {}
 #[no_mangle]
 pub fn fmod() {}
--- a/kernel/src/arch/riscv64/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/riscv64/mod.rs
@ -1,46 +1,37 @@
 mod memory;
-use {
+use core::{arch::{asm, global_asm}, fmt::Write};
-    alloc::boxed::Box,
+use alloc::boxed::Box;
-    core::{
+use sbi::system_reset::{ResetType, ResetReason, system_reset};
-        arch::{asm, global_asm},
+use spin::{Mutex, Once};
-        fmt::Write,
+use uart_16550::MmioSerialPort;
    },
    sbi::system_reset::{system_reset, ResetReason, ResetType},
    spin::{Mutex, Once},
    uart_16550::MmioSerialPort,
 };
-use crate::{
+use crate::{allocator, memory::PhysicalAddress, arch::riscv64::memory::{PAGE_TABLE, PageEntryFlags, PageSize, PageTable}};
    allocator,
    arch::riscv64::memory::{PageEntryFlags, PageSize, PageTable, PAGE_TABLE},
    memory::PhysicalAddress,
 };
 global_asm!(include_str!("entry.s"));
 global_asm!(include_str!("memory_regions.s"));
 pub const PAGE_SIZE: usize = 4096;
-extern "C" {
+extern {
    static TEXT_START: PhysicalAddress;
    static TEXT_END: PhysicalAddress;
    static RODATA_START: PhysicalAddress;
    static RODATA_END: PhysicalAddress;
-
+    
    static DATA_START: PhysicalAddress;
    static DATA_END: PhysicalAddress;
    static SDATA_START: PhysicalAddress;
    static SDATA_END: PhysicalAddress;
-
+    
    static BSS_START: PhysicalAddress;
    static BSS_END: PhysicalAddress;
-
+    
    static INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_START: PhysicalAddress;
    static INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE: usize;
-
+    
    static USABLE_MEMORY_START: PhysicalAddress;
    static USABLE_MEMORY_SIZE: usize;
 }
@ -48,15 +39,12 @@ extern "C" {
 static SERIAL_CONSOLE: Once<Mutex<MmioSerialPort>> = Once::new();
 #[no_mangle]
-unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
+unsafe extern fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
    SERIAL_CONSOLE.call_once(|| Mutex::new(unsafe { MmioSerialPort::new(0x1000_0000) }));
    crate::logger::init().expect("failed to set logger");
    log::info!("Initialising AKern {}", crate::VERSION);
-    allocator::init(
+    allocator::init(INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_START.as_mut_ptr::<u8>(), INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE);
        INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_START.as_mut_ptr::<u8>(),
        INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE,
    );
    memory::init(USABLE_MEMORY_START.into(), USABLE_MEMORY_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
    let mut page_table_addr = PAGE_TABLE.get().unwrap().lock();
@ -73,17 +61,9 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
    // Map bss section (includes stack and initial kernel heap)
    page_table.identity_map_range(BSS_START, BSS_END, PageEntryFlags::ReadWrite);
    // Map usable memory range (as rw so not executable)
-    page_table.identity_map_range(
+    page_table.identity_map_range(USABLE_MEMORY_START, USABLE_MEMORY_START + USABLE_MEMORY_SIZE.into(), PageEntryFlags::ReadWrite);
        USABLE_MEMORY_START,
        USABLE_MEMORY_START + USABLE_MEMORY_SIZE.into(),
        PageEntryFlags::ReadWrite,
    );
    // Map Uart so we can continue using serial
-    page_table.identity_map(
+    page_table.identity_map(0x1000_0000_usize.into(), PageEntryFlags::ReadWrite, PageSize::Size4KiB);
        0x1000_0000_usize.into(),
        PageEntryFlags::ReadWrite,
        PageSize::Size4KiB,
    );
    let table_ppn = page_table_addr.as_addr() as usize >> 12;
    let satp_value = 8 << 60 | table_ppn;
@ -99,7 +79,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
 }
 /// Spin loop
-pub fn spin_loop() -> ! {
+pub fn sloop() -> ! {
    loop {
        unsafe { asm!("wfi") }
    }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/cpuid.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/cpuid.rs
@ -1,934 +0,0 @@
 use crate::cpu_features;
 use {
    alloc::vec::Vec,
    core::{arch::asm, fmt, ops::Deref, slice, str},
 };
 #[repr(u32)]
 pub enum RequestType {
    BasicInformation = 0x0000_0000,
    VersionInformation = 0x0000_0001,
    ThermalPowerManagementInformation = 0x0000_0006,
    StructuredExtendedInformation = 0x0000_0007,
    ExtendedFunctionInformation = 0x8000_0000,
    ExtendedProcessorSignature = 0x8000_0001,
    BrandString1 = 0x8000_0002,
    BrandString2 = 0x8000_0003,
    BrandString3 = 0x8000_0004,
    // reserved                       = 0x80000005,
    CacheLine = 0x8000_0006,
    TimeStampCounter = 0x8000_0007,
    PhysicalAddressSize = 0x8000_0008,
 }
 #[allow(clippy::similar_names)]
 pub fn cpuid(code: RequestType) -> (u32, u32, u32, u32) {
    let eax;
    let ebx;
    let ecx;
    let edx;
    unsafe {
        asm!(
            "movq %rbx, {0:r}",
            "cpuid",
            "xchgq %rbx, {0:r}",
            lateout(reg) ebx,
            inlateout("eax") code as u32 => eax,
            inlateout("ecx") 0 => ecx,
            lateout("edx") edx,
            options(nostack, preserves_flags, att_syntax),
        );
    }
    (eax, ebx, ecx, edx)
 }
 /// The main entrypoint to the CPU information
 #[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "x86"))]
 pub fn master() -> Option<Master> {
    Some(Master::new())
 }
 // This matches the Intel Architecture guide, with bits 31 -> 0.
 // The bit positions are inclusive.
 fn bits_of(val: u32, start_bit: u8, end_bit: u8) -> u32 {
    let mut silly = 0;
    for _ in start_bit..end_bit + 1 {
        silly <<= 1;
        silly |= 1;
    }
    (val >> start_bit) & silly
 }
 pub fn as_bytes(v: &u32) -> &[u8] {
    let start = v as *const u32 as *const u8;
    // TODO: use u32::BYTES
    unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(start, 4) }
 }
 macro_rules! bit {
    ($reg:ident, {$($idx:expr => $name:ident),+}) => {
        $(pub fn $name(self) -> bool {
            ((self.$reg >> $idx) & 1) != 0
        })+
    }
 }
 macro_rules! dump {
    ($me:expr, $f: expr, $sname:expr, {$($name:ident),+}) => {
        $f.debug_struct($sname)
            $(.field(stringify!($name), &$me.$name()))+
            .finish()
    }
 }
 macro_rules! delegate_flag {
    ($item:ident, {$($name:ident),+}) => {
        $(pub fn $name(&self) -> bool {
            self.$item.map(|i| i.$name()).unwrap_or(false)
        })+
    }
 }
 macro_rules! master_attr_reader {
    ($name:ident, $kind:ty) => {
        pub fn $name(&self) -> Option<&$kind> {
            self.$name.as_ref()
        }
    };
 }
 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
 pub struct VersionInformation {
    eax: u32,
    ebx: u32,
    ecx: u32,
    edx: u32,
 }
 impl VersionInformation {
    pub fn new() -> VersionInformation {
        let (a, b, c, d) = cpuid(RequestType::VersionInformation);
        VersionInformation {
            eax: a,
            ebx: b,
            ecx: c,
            edx: d,
        }
    }
    pub fn family_id(self) -> u32 {
        let family_id = bits_of(self.eax, 8, 11);
        let extended_family_id = bits_of(self.eax, 20, 27);
        if family_id != 0x0F {
            family_id
        } else {
            extended_family_id + family_id
        }
    }
    pub fn model_id(self) -> u32 {
        let family_id = self.family_id();
        let model_id = bits_of(self.eax, 4, 7);
        let extended_model_id = bits_of(self.eax, 16, 19);
        if family_id == 0x06 || family_id == 0x0F {
            (extended_model_id << 4) + model_id
        } else {
            model_id
        }
    }
    pub fn stepping(self) -> u32 {
        bits_of(self.eax, 0, 3)
    }
    fn processor_signature(self) -> u32 {
        self.eax
    }
    // TODO: Change return type and move this to a file that has the list
    pub fn brand_string(self) -> Option<&'static str> {
        let brand_index = bits_of(self.ebx, 0, 7);
        let processor_signature = self.processor_signature();
        match brand_index {
            0x00 => None,
            0x01 => Some("Intel(R) Celeron(R)"),
            0x02 => Some("Intel(R) Pentium(R) III"),
            0x03 => {
                if processor_signature == 0x06B1 {
                    Some("Intel(R) Celeron(R)")
                } else {
                    Some("Intel(R) Pentium(R) III Xeon(R)")
                }
            }
            0x04 => Some("Intel(R) Pentium(R) III"),
            0x06 => Some("Mobile Intel(R) Pentium(R) III-M"),
            0x07 => Some("Mobile Intel(R) Celeron(R)"),
            0x08 => Some("Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4"),
            0x09 => Some("Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4"),
            0x0A => Some("Intel(R) Celeron(R)"),
            0x0B => {
                if processor_signature == 0x0F13 {
                    Some("Intel(R) Xeon(R) MP")
                } else {
                    Some("Intel(R) Xeon(R)")
                }
            }
            0x0C => Some("Intel(R) Xeon(R) MP"),
            0x0E => {
                if processor_signature == 0x0F13 {
                    Some("Intel(R) Xeon(R)")
                } else {
                    Some("Mobile Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4-M")
                }
            }
            0x0F => Some("Mobile Intel(R) Celeron(R)"),
            0x11 => Some("Mobile Genuine Intel(R)"),
            0x12 => Some("Intel(R) Celeron(R) M"),
            0x13 => Some("Mobile Intel(R) Celeron(R)"),
            0x14 => Some("Intel(R) Celeron(R)"),
            0x15 => Some("Mobile Genuine Intel(R)"),
            0x16 => Some("Intel(R) Pentium(R) M"),
            0x17 => Some("Mobile Intel(R) Celeron(R)"),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
    bit!(ecx, {
         0 => sse3,
         1 => pclmulqdq,
         2 => dtes64,
         3 => monitor,
         4 => ds_cpl,
         5 => vmx,
         6 => smx,
         7 => eist,
         8 => tm2,
         9 => ssse3,
        10 => cnxt_id,
        11 => sdbg,
        12 => fma,
        13 => cmpxchg16b,
        14 => xtpr_update_control,
        15 => pdcm,
        // 16 - reserved
        17 => pcid,
        18 => dca,
        19 => sse4_1,
        20 => sse4_2,
        21 => x2apic,
        22 => movbe,
        23 => popcnt,
        24 => tsc_deadline,
        25 => aesni,
        26 => xsave,
        27 => osxsave,
        28 => avx,
        29 => f16c,
        30 => rdrand
        // 31 - unused
    });
    bit!(edx, {
        0 => fpu,
        1 => vme,
        2 => de,
        3 => pse,
        4 => tsc,
        5 => msr,
        6 => pae,
        7 => mce,
        8 => cx8,
        9 => apic,
        // 10 - reserved
        11 => sep,
        12 => mtrr,
        13 => pge,
        14 => mca,
        15 => cmov,
        16 => pat,
        17 => pse_36,
        18 => psn,
        19 => clfsh,
        // 20 - reserved
        21 => ds,
        22 => acpi,
        23 => mmx,
        24 => fxsr,
        25 => sse,
        26 => sse2,
        27 => ss,
        28 => htt,
        29 => tm,
        // 30 -reserved
        31 => pbe
    });
 }
 impl fmt::Debug for VersionInformation {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        dump!(self, f, "VersionInformation", {
            family_id,
            model_id,
            stepping,
            brand_string,
            sse3,
            pclmulqdq,
            dtes64,
            monitor,
            ds_cpl,
            vmx,
            smx,
            eist,
            tm2,
            ssse3,
            cnxt_id,
            sdbg,
            fma,
            cmpxchg16b,
            xtpr_update_control,
            pdcm,
            pcid,
            dca,
            sse4_1,
            sse4_2,
            x2apic,
            movbe,
            popcnt,
            tsc_deadline,
            aesni,
            xsave,
            osxsave,
            avx,
            f16c,
            rdrand,
            fpu,
            vme,
            de,
            pse,
            tsc,
            msr,
            pae,
            mce,
            cx8,
            apic,
            sep,
            mtrr,
            pge,
            mca,
            cmov,
            pat,
            pse_36,
            psn,
            clfsh,
            ds,
            acpi,
            mmx,
            fxsr,
            sse,
            sse2,
            ss,
            htt,
            tm,
            pbe
        })
    }
 }
 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
 pub struct ExtendedProcessorSignature {
    ecx: u32,
    edx: u32,
 }
 impl ExtendedProcessorSignature {
    fn new() -> ExtendedProcessorSignature {
        let (_, _, c, d) = cpuid(RequestType::ExtendedProcessorSignature);
        ExtendedProcessorSignature { ecx: c, edx: d }
    }
    bit!(ecx, {
        0 => lahf_sahf_in_64_bit,
        // 1-4 reserved
        5 => lzcnt,
        // 6-7 reserved
        8 => prefetchw
        // 9-31 reserved
    });
    bit!(edx, {
        // 0-10 reserved
        11 => syscall_sysret_in_64_bit,
        // 12-19 reserved
        20 => execute_disable,
        // 21-25 reserved
        26 => gigabyte_pages,
        27 => rdtscp_and_ia32_tsc_aux,
        // 28 reserved
        29 => intel_64_bit_architecture
        // 30-31 reserved
    });
 }
 impl fmt::Debug for ExtendedProcessorSignature {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        dump!(self, f, "ThermalPowerManagementInformation", {
            lahf_sahf_in_64_bit,
            lzcnt,
            prefetchw,
            syscall_sysret_in_64_bit,
            execute_disable,
            gigabyte_pages,
            rdtscp_and_ia32_tsc_aux,
            intel_64_bit_architecture
        })
    }
 }
 // 3 calls of 4 registers of 4 bytes
 const BRAND_STRING_LENGTH: usize = 3 * 4 * 4;
 pub struct BrandString {
    bytes: [u8; BRAND_STRING_LENGTH],
 }
 impl BrandString {
    fn new() -> BrandString {
        fn append_bytes(a: RequestType, bytes: &mut [u8]) {
            let (a, b, c, d) = cpuid(a);
            let result_bytes = as_bytes(&a)
                .iter()
                .chain(as_bytes(&b).iter())
                .chain(as_bytes(&c).iter())
                .chain(as_bytes(&d).iter());
            for (output, input) in bytes.iter_mut().zip(result_bytes) {
                *output = *input
            }
        }
        let mut brand_string = BrandString {
            bytes: [0; BRAND_STRING_LENGTH],
        };
        append_bytes(RequestType::BrandString1, &mut brand_string.bytes[0..]);
        append_bytes(RequestType::BrandString2, &mut brand_string.bytes[16..]);
        append_bytes(RequestType::BrandString3, &mut brand_string.bytes[32..]);
        brand_string
    }
 }
 impl Clone for BrandString {
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        let mut bytes = [0; BRAND_STRING_LENGTH];
        for (d, s) in bytes.iter_mut().zip(self.bytes.iter()) {
            *d = *s;
        }
        BrandString { bytes }
    }
 }
 impl Deref for BrandString {
    type Target = str;
    fn deref(&self) -> &str {
        let nul_terminator = self.bytes.iter().position(|&b| b == 0).unwrap_or(0);
        let usable_bytes = &self.bytes[..nul_terminator];
        unsafe { str::from_utf8_unchecked(usable_bytes) }.trim()
    }
 }
 impl fmt::Display for BrandString {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        (self as &str).fmt(f)
    }
 }
 impl fmt::Debug for BrandString {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        (self as &str).fmt(f)
    }
 }
 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
 pub struct ThermalPowerManagementInformation {
    eax: u32,
    ebx: u32,
    ecx: u32,
 }
 impl ThermalPowerManagementInformation {
    fn new() -> ThermalPowerManagementInformation {
        let (a, b, c, _) = cpuid(RequestType::ThermalPowerManagementInformation);
        ThermalPowerManagementInformation {
            eax: a,
            ebx: b,
            ecx: c,
        }
    }
    bit!(eax, {
        0 => digital_temperature_sensor,
        1 => intel_turbo_boost,
        2 => arat,
        // 3 - reserved
        4 => pln,
        5 => ecmd,
        6 => ptm,
        7 => hwp,
        8 => hwp_notification,
        9 => hwp_activity_window,
        10 => hwp_energy_performance_preference,
        // 12 - reserved
        13 => hdc
    });
    pub fn number_of_interrupt_thresholds(self) -> u32 {
        bits_of(self.ebx, 0, 3)
    }
    bit!(ecx, {
        0 => hardware_coordination_feedback,
        // 1-2 - reserved
        3 => performance_energy_bias
    });
 }
 impl fmt::Debug for ThermalPowerManagementInformation {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        dump!(self, f, "ThermalPowerManagementInformation", {
            digital_temperature_sensor,
            intel_turbo_boost,
            arat,
            pln,
            ecmd,
            ptm,
            hwp,
            hwp_notification,
            hwp_activity_window,
            hwp_energy_performance_preference,
            hdc,
            number_of_interrupt_thresholds,
            hardware_coordination_feedback,
            performance_energy_bias
        })
    }
 }
 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
 pub struct StructuredExtendedInformation {
    ebx: u32,
    ecx: u32,
 }
 impl StructuredExtendedInformation {
    fn new() -> StructuredExtendedInformation {
        let (_, b, c, _) = cpuid(RequestType::StructuredExtendedInformation);
        StructuredExtendedInformation { ebx: b, ecx: c }
    }
    bit!(ebx, {
        0 => fsgsbase,
        1 => ia32_tsc_adjust_msr,
        // 2 - reserved
        3 => bmi1,
        4 => hle,
        5 => avx2,
        // 6 - reserved
        7 => smep,
        8 => bmi2,
        9 => enhanced_rep_movsb_stosb,
        10 => invpcid,
        11 => rtm,
        12 => pqm,
        13 => deprecates_fpu_cs_ds,
        // 14 - reserved
        15 => pqe,
        // 16-17 - reserved
        18 => rdseed,
        19 => adx,
        20 => smap,
        // 21-24 - reserved
        25 => intel_processor_trace
        // 26-31 - reserved
    });
    bit!(ecx, {
        0 => prefetchwt1
    });
 }
 impl fmt::Debug for StructuredExtendedInformation {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        dump!(self, f, "StructuredExtendedInformation", {
            fsgsbase,
            ia32_tsc_adjust_msr,
            bmi1,
            hle,
            avx2,
            smep,
            bmi2,
            enhanced_rep_movsb_stosb,
            invpcid,
            rtm,
            pqm,
            deprecates_fpu_cs_ds,
            pqe,
            rdseed,
            adx,
            smap,
            intel_processor_trace,
            prefetchwt1
        })
    }
 }
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
 pub enum CacheLineAssociativity {
    Disabled,
    DirectMapped,
    TwoWay,
    FourWay,
    EightWay,
    SixteenWay,
    Full,
 }
 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
 pub struct CacheLine(u32);
 impl CacheLine {
    fn new() -> CacheLine {
        let (_, _, c, _) = cpuid(RequestType::CacheLine);
        CacheLine(c)
    }
    pub fn cache_line_size(self) -> u32 {
        bits_of(self.0, 0, 7)
    }
    pub fn l2_associativity(self) -> Option<CacheLineAssociativity> {
        match bits_of(self.0, 12, 15) {
            0x00 => Some(CacheLineAssociativity::Disabled),
            0x01 => Some(CacheLineAssociativity::DirectMapped),
            0x02 => Some(CacheLineAssociativity::TwoWay),
            0x04 => Some(CacheLineAssociativity::FourWay),
            0x06 => Some(CacheLineAssociativity::EightWay),
            0x08 => Some(CacheLineAssociativity::SixteenWay),
            0x0F => Some(CacheLineAssociativity::Full),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
    pub fn cache_size(self) -> u32 {
        bits_of(self.0, 16, 31)
    }
 }
 impl fmt::Debug for CacheLine {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        dump!(self, f, "CacheLine", {
            cache_line_size,
            l2_associativity,
            cache_size
        })
    }
 }
 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
 pub struct TimeStampCounter {
    edx: u32,
 }
 impl TimeStampCounter {
    fn new() -> TimeStampCounter {
        let (_, _, _, d) = cpuid(RequestType::TimeStampCounter);
        TimeStampCounter { edx: d }
    }
    bit!(edx, {
        // 0-7 - reserved
        8 => invariant_tsc
        // 9-31 - reserved
    });
 }
 impl fmt::Debug for TimeStampCounter {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        dump!(self, f, "TimeStampCounter", { invariant_tsc })
    }
 }
 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
 pub struct PhysicalAddressSize(u32);
 impl PhysicalAddressSize {
    fn new() -> PhysicalAddressSize {
        let (a, _, _, _) = cpuid(RequestType::PhysicalAddressSize);
        PhysicalAddressSize(a)
    }
    pub fn physical_address_bits(self) -> u32 {
        bits_of(self.0, 0, 7)
    }
    pub fn linear_address_bits(self) -> u32 {
        bits_of(self.0, 8, 15)
    }
 }
 impl fmt::Debug for PhysicalAddressSize {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        dump!(self, f, "PhysicalAddressSize", {
            physical_address_bits,
            linear_address_bits
        })
    }
 }
 /// Information about the currently running processor
 ///
 /// Feature flags match the feature mnemonic listed in the Intel
 /// Instruction Set Reference. This struct provides a facade for flags
 /// so the consumer doesn't need to worry about which particular CPUID
 /// leaf provides the information.
 ///
 /// For data beyond simple feature flags, you will need to retrieve
 /// the nested struct and call the appropriate methods on it.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Master {
    // TODO: Rename struct
    version_information: Option<VersionInformation>,
    thermal_power_management_information: Option<ThermalPowerManagementInformation>,
    structured_extended_information: Option<StructuredExtendedInformation>,
    extended_processor_signature: Option<ExtendedProcessorSignature>,
    brand_string: Option<BrandString>,
    cache_line: Option<CacheLine>,
    time_stamp_counter: Option<TimeStampCounter>,
    physical_address_size: Option<PhysicalAddressSize>,
 }
 impl Master {
    pub fn new() -> Master {
        fn when_supported<F, T>(max: u32, kind: RequestType, then: F) -> Option<T>
        where
            F: FnOnce() -> T,
        {
            if max >= kind as u32 {
                Some(then())
            } else {
                None
            }
        }
        let (max_value, _, _, _) = cpuid(RequestType::BasicInformation);
        let vi = when_supported(max_value, RequestType::VersionInformation, || {
            VersionInformation::new()
        });
        let tpm = when_supported(
            max_value,
            RequestType::ThermalPowerManagementInformation,
            || ThermalPowerManagementInformation::new(),
        );
        let sei = when_supported(
            max_value,
            RequestType::StructuredExtendedInformation,
            || StructuredExtendedInformation::new(),
        );
        // Extended information
        let (max_value, _, _, _) = cpuid(RequestType::ExtendedFunctionInformation);
        let eps = when_supported(max_value, RequestType::ExtendedProcessorSignature, || {
            ExtendedProcessorSignature::new()
        });
        let brand_string =
            when_supported(max_value, RequestType::BrandString3, || BrandString::new());
        let cache_line = when_supported(max_value, RequestType::CacheLine, || CacheLine::new());
        let tsc = when_supported(max_value, RequestType::TimeStampCounter, || {
            TimeStampCounter::new()
        });
        let pas = when_supported(max_value, RequestType::PhysicalAddressSize, || {
            PhysicalAddressSize::new()
        });
        Master {
            version_information: vi,
            thermal_power_management_information: tpm,
            structured_extended_information: sei,
            extended_processor_signature: eps,
            brand_string,
            cache_line,
            time_stamp_counter: tsc,
            physical_address_size: pas,
        }
    }
    // TODO: Macroify this and also include all of the cpu features from self
    pub fn features(&self) -> Vec<(&str, bool)> {
        let mut fv = Vec::new();
        cpu_features!(self, fv);
        return fv;
    }
    master_attr_reader!(version_information, VersionInformation);
    master_attr_reader!(
        thermal_power_management_information,
        ThermalPowerManagementInformation
    );
    master_attr_reader!(
        structured_extended_information,
        StructuredExtendedInformation
    );
    master_attr_reader!(extended_processor_signature, ExtendedProcessorSignature);
    master_attr_reader!(cache_line, CacheLine);
    master_attr_reader!(time_stamp_counter, TimeStampCounter);
    master_attr_reader!(physical_address_size, PhysicalAddressSize);
    pub fn brand_string(&self) -> Option<&str> {
        self.brand_string
            .as_ref()
            .map(|bs| bs as &str)
            .or(self.version_information.and_then(|vi| vi.brand_string()))
    }
    delegate_flag!(version_information, {
        sse3,
        pclmulqdq,
        dtes64,
        monitor,
        ds_cpl,
        vmx,
        smx,
        eist,
        tm2,
        ssse3,
        cnxt_id,
        sdbg,
        fma,
        cmpxchg16b,
        xtpr_update_control,
        pdcm,
        pcid,
        dca,
        sse4_1,
        sse4_2,
        x2apic,
        movbe,
        popcnt,
        tsc_deadline,
        aesni,
        xsave,
        osxsave,
        avx,
        f16c,
        rdrand,
        fpu,
        vme,
        de,
        pse,
        tsc,
        msr,
        pae,
        mce,
        cx8,
        apic,
        sep,
        mtrr,
        pge,
        mca,
        cmov,
        pat,
        pse_36,
        psn,
        clfsh,
        ds,
        acpi,
        mmx,
        fxsr,
        sse,
        sse2,
        ss,
        htt,
        tm,
        pbe
    });
    delegate_flag!(thermal_power_management_information, {
        digital_temperature_sensor,
        intel_turbo_boost,
        arat,
        pln,
        ecmd,
        ptm,
        hwp,
        hwp_notification,
        hwp_activity_window,
        hwp_energy_performance_preference,
        hdc,
        hardware_coordination_feedback,
        performance_energy_bias
    });
    delegate_flag!(structured_extended_information, {
        fsgsbase,
        ia32_tsc_adjust_msr,
        bmi1,
        hle,
        avx2,
        smep,
        bmi2,
        enhanced_rep_movsb_stosb,
        invpcid,
        rtm,
        pqm,
        deprecates_fpu_cs_ds,
        pqe,
        rdseed,
        adx,
        smap,
        intel_processor_trace,
        prefetchwt1
    });
    delegate_flag!(extended_processor_signature, {
        lahf_sahf_in_64_bit,
        lzcnt,
        prefetchw,
        syscall_sysret_in_64_bit,
        execute_disable,
        gigabyte_pages,
        rdtscp_and_ia32_tsc_aux,
        intel_64_bit_architecture
    });
    delegate_flag!(time_stamp_counter, { invariant_tsc });
 }
 /*
 cfg_if! {
    if #[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "x86"))] {
        #[test]
        fn basic_genuine_intel() {
            let (_, b, c, d) = cpuid(RequestType::BasicInformation);
            assert_eq!(b"Genu", as_bytes(&b));
            assert_eq!(b"ntel", as_bytes(&c));
            assert_eq!(b"ineI", as_bytes(&d));
        }
        #[test]
        fn brand_string_contains_intel() {
            assert!(master().unwrap().brand_string().unwrap().contains("Intel(R)"))
        }
    } else {}
 }
 */
--- a/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/device_info_collector.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/device_info_collector.rs
@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
 use {
    crate::{
        arch::{pci, x86_64::cpuid},
        device_tree::DeviceTree,
        kmain::DEVICE_TREE,
    },
    limine::SmpRequest,
    xml::XMLElement,
 };
 fn collect_cpu_info(device_tree: &mut DeviceTree) {
    use crate::alloc::string::ToString;
    static SMP: SmpRequest = SmpRequest::new(0);
    let smp_response = SMP.get_response().get().unwrap();
    let mut cpu = XMLElement::new("cpu");
    // Get the amount of cores on the CPU
    let core_count = smp_response.cpu_count.to_string();
    cpu.set_attribute("core count", core_count);
    for x in 0..smp_response.cpu_count {
        let core_name = alloc::format!("core_{}", x);
        let core = XMLElement::new(core_name);
        cpu.set_child(core);
    }
    let cpu_info = cpuid::master().unwrap();
    let brand_string = cpu_info.brand_string().unwrap_or("Unknown").to_string();
    cpu.set_attribute("brand string", brand_string);
    cpu.set_attribute("speed", "unknown");
    // Get CPU features and add them to the device tree entry.
    let mut cpu_features = XMLElement::new("CPU Features");
    for (feature_key, feature_enabled) in cpu_info.features() {
        cpu_features.set_attribute(feature_key, feature_enabled.to_string());
    }
    cpu.set_child(cpu_features);
    // CPU temperature
    if cpu_info.digital_temperature_sensor() {
        let mut temperature_child = XMLElement::new("Temperature");
        temperature_child.set_attribute("degrees", "Unknown");
        cpu.set_child(temperature_child);
    }
    // Add CPU to device tree
    let cpus = device_tree.devices.get_mut("CPUs").unwrap();
    cpus.push(cpu);
 }
 pub fn collect_device_info() {
    log::trace!("Collecting devices on x86_64");
    // Lock device tree
    unsafe {
        DEVICE_TREE.force_unlock();
    }
    let device_tree = &mut DEVICE_TREE.lock();
    // Generate device tree from PCI enumeration.
    pci::init(device_tree);
    // Collect CPU info and add it to the device tree
    collect_cpu_info(device_tree);
 }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/gdt.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/gdt.rs
@ -1,33 +1,34 @@
-use {
+use spin::Lazy;
-    spin::Lazy,
+use x86_64::{
-    x86_64::{
+    structures::{
-        structures::{
+        gdt::{Descriptor, GlobalDescriptorTable, SegmentSelector},
-            gdt::{Descriptor, GlobalDescriptorTable, SegmentSelector},
+        tss::TaskStateSegment,
            tss::TaskStateSegment,
        },
        VirtAddr,
    },
    VirtAddr,
 };
 pub const DOUBLE_FAULT_IX: u16 = 0;
 pub unsafe fn init() {
-    use x86_64::instructions::{
+    use x86_64::instructions::segmentation::{Segment, CS, DS, ES, SS};
-        segmentation::{Segment, CS, SS},
+    use x86_64::instructions::tables::load_tss;
        tables::load_tss,
    };
-    log::trace!("Initialising GDT");
+    log::info!("Initialising GDT");
    GDT.0.load();
    CS::set_reg(GDT.1.kcode);
    DS::set_reg(GDT.1.kdata);
    ES::set_reg(GDT.1.kdata);
    SS::set_reg(GDT.1.kdata);
    load_tss(GDT.1.tss);
    init_syscalls(&GDT.1);
 }
 struct Selectors {
    kcode: SegmentSelector,
    kdata: SegmentSelector,
-    tss:   SegmentSelector,
+    tss: SegmentSelector,
    udata: SegmentSelector,
    ucode: SegmentSelector,
 }
 static TSS: Lazy<TaskStateSegment> = Lazy::new(|| {
@ -49,7 +50,27 @@ static GDT: Lazy<(GlobalDescriptorTable, Selectors)> = Lazy::new(|| {
    let sels = Selectors {
        kcode: gdt.add_entry(Descriptor::kernel_code_segment()),
        kdata: gdt.add_entry(Descriptor::kernel_data_segment()),
-        tss:   gdt.add_entry(Descriptor::tss_segment(&TSS)),
+        tss: gdt.add_entry(Descriptor::tss_segment(&TSS)),
        udata: gdt.add_entry(Descriptor::user_data_segment()),
        ucode: gdt.add_entry(Descriptor::user_code_segment()),
    };
    (gdt, sels)
 });
 /// Initialize syscalls
 unsafe fn init_syscalls(sls: &Selectors) {
    use x86_64::registers::{
        model_specific::{Efer, EferFlags, LStar, SFMask, Star},
        rflags::RFlags,
    };
    Star::write(sls.ucode, sls.udata, sls.kcode, sls.kdata);
    SFMask::write(RFlags::from_bits(0x200).expect("Invalid RFlags for SFMask"));
    LStar::write(VirtAddr::from_ptr(handle_syscall as *const ()));
    Efer::update(|x| *x |= EferFlags::SYSTEM_CALL_EXTENSIONS);
 }
 extern "C" fn handle_syscall(a: u64) -> ! {
    log::info!("called syscall {a}");
    todo!("Return from syscall");
 }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/graphics.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/graphics.rs
@ -1 +0,0 @@
--- a/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/interrupts.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/interrupts.rs
@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
-// TODO: Turn apic keyboard interrupt into a standard ipc message
+use spin::{Lazy, Mutex};
-use {
+use x2apic::lapic::{LocalApic, LocalApicBuilder};
-    log::trace,
+use x86_64::structures::idt::{InterruptDescriptorTable, InterruptStackFrame, PageFaultErrorCode};
    spin::{Lazy, Mutex},
    x2apic::lapic::{LocalApic, LocalApicBuilder},
    x86_64::structures::idt::{InterruptDescriptorTable, InterruptStackFrame, PageFaultErrorCode},
 };
 pub unsafe fn init() {
-    trace!("Initialising IDT");
+    log::info!("Initialising IDT");
    IDT.load();
    Lazy::force(&LAPIC);
    x86_64::instructions::interrupts::enable();
@ -16,12 +12,11 @@ pub unsafe fn init() {
 #[repr(u8)]
 enum Interrupt {
    Timer = 32,
    ApicErr = u8::MAX - 1,
    Spurious = u8::MAX,
 }
-pub(crate) static LAPIC: Lazy<Mutex<LocalApic>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+static LAPIC: Lazy<Mutex<LocalApic>> = Lazy::new(|| {
    let mut lapic = LocalApicBuilder::new()
        .timer_vector(Interrupt::Timer as usize)
        .error_vector(Interrupt::ApicErr as usize)
@ -44,11 +39,7 @@ static IDT: Lazy<InterruptDescriptorTable> = Lazy::new(|| {
            .set_stack_index(super::gdt::DOUBLE_FAULT_IX);
    }
    idt.page_fault.set_handler_fn(page_fault);
    idt[Interrupt::ApicErr as usize].set_handler_fn(apic_err);
    idt[Interrupt::Spurious as usize].set_handler_fn(spurious);
    idt[Interrupt::Timer as usize].set_handler_fn(timer);
    idt
 });
@ -63,7 +54,7 @@ extern "x86-interrupt" fn page_fault(
    panic!("Page fault ({error_code:?}): {stack_frame:?}")
 }
-extern "x86-interrupt" fn timer(_isf: InterruptStackFrame) {
+extern "x86-interrupt" fn timer(_: InterruptStackFrame) {
    unsafe { LAPIC.lock().end_of_interrupt() };
 }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/logging.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/logging.rs
@ -1,22 +1,46 @@
 //! Logging (as in terms of console / serial output)
 #![allow(deprecated)]
 use {
    core::fmt::Write,
    limine::{TerminalRequest, TerminalResponse},
    spin::{Lazy, Mutex},
    uart_16550::SerialPort,
 };
-pub static SERIAL_CONSOLE: Mutex<SerialPort> = Mutex::new(unsafe { SerialPort::new(0x3F8) });
+use core::fmt::Write;
 use limine::{LimineTerminalRequest, LimineTerminalResponse};
 use spin::{Lazy, Mutex};
 use uart_16550::SerialPort;
 static SERIAL_CONSOLE: Mutex<SerialPort> = Mutex::new(unsafe { SerialPort::new(0x3f8) });
 static TERMINAL_LOGGER: Lazy<Mutex<TermLogger>> = Lazy::new(|| Mutex::new(TermLogger::new()));
 pub fn init() {
    SERIAL_CONSOLE.lock().init();
-    // Lazy::force(&TERMINAL_LOGGER);
+    Lazy::force(&TERMINAL_LOGGER);
 }
 pub fn log(args: core::fmt::Arguments<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
    x86_64::instructions::interrupts::without_interrupts(|| {
-        // TERMINAL_LOGGER.lock().write_fmt(args)?;
+        TERMINAL_LOGGER.lock().write_fmt(args)?;
        SERIAL_CONSOLE.lock().write_fmt(args)
    })
 }
 struct TermLogger(&'static LimineTerminalResponse);
 unsafe impl Send for TermLogger {}
 impl TermLogger {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        static TERM_REQ: LimineTerminalRequest = LimineTerminalRequest::new(0);
        Self(
            TERM_REQ
                .get_response()
                .get()
                .expect("failed to get terminal response"),
        )
    }
 }
 impl Write for TermLogger {
    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> core::fmt::Result {
        if let (Some(w), ts) = (self.0.write(), self.0.terminals()) {
            for term in ts {
                w(term, s);
            }
        }
        Ok(())
    }
 }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/memory.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/memory.rs
@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
-use {
+use core::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
-    crate::memory::{MemoryManager, MAX_ORDER},
+use limine::{LimineMemmapEntry, LimineMemoryMapEntryType, NonNullPtr};
-    core::sync::atomic::AtomicU64,
+use spin::{Mutex, Once};
-    limine::{MemmapEntry, MemoryMapEntryType, NonNullPtr},
+use x86_64::{structures::paging::OffsetPageTable, VirtAddr};
-    spin::{Mutex, Once},
+use crate::memory::{MemoryManager, MAX_ORDER};
    x86_64::{structures::paging::OffsetPageTable, VirtAddr},
 };
 pub const PAGE_SIZE: usize = 4096;
@ -14,7 +12,7 @@ static PAGE_TABLE: Once<Mutex<OffsetPageTable>> = Once::new();
 /// Initialise page table
 pub unsafe fn init_pt(phys_base: VirtAddr) {
-    log::debug!("Retrieving page table");
+    log::info!("Retrieving page table");
    HHDM_OFFSET.store(phys_base.as_u64(), core::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
    PAGE_TABLE.call_once(|| {
        Mutex::new(OffsetPageTable::new(
@ -30,11 +28,11 @@ pub unsafe fn init_pt(phys_base: VirtAddr) {
 }
 /// Initialise memory manager
-pub fn initialize(mmap: &'static [NonNullPtr<MemmapEntry>]) {
+pub fn initialize(mmap: &'static [NonNullPtr<LimineMemmapEntry>]) {
    let mut memory_manager = MemoryManager::new();
    for entry in mmap {
-        if entry.typ != MemoryMapEntryType::Usable {
+        if entry.typ != LimineMemoryMapEntryType::Usable {
            continue;
        }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/mod.rs
@ -1,25 +1,17 @@
 use {
    crate::bootmodules::BootModule, core::arch::asm, embedded_graphics::pixelcolor::Rgb888,
    log::warn, rdrand::RdSeed,
 };
 pub mod memory;
 mod cpuid;
 mod device_info_collector;
 mod gdt;
-pub mod graphics;
+mod interrupts;
-pub(crate) mod interrupts;
+mod logging;
 pub mod logging;
 pub mod pci;
 pub mod virtio;
-pub use {logging::log, memory::PAGE_SIZE};
+pub use logging::log;
 pub use memory::PAGE_SIZE;
-use {
+use crate::allocator;
-    crate::allocator,
+use memory::MEMORY_MANAGER;
-    limine::{HhdmRequest, KernelFileRequest, MemmapRequest, ModuleRequest},
+use limine::{
-    x86_64::VirtAddr,
+    LimineHhdmRequest, LimineKernelFileRequest, LimineMemmapRequest, LimineModuleRequest,
 };
 use x86_64::VirtAddr;
 extern "C" {
    fn _initial_kernel_heap_start();
@ -30,29 +22,12 @@ const INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_START: *mut u8 = _initial_kernel_heap_start as _;
 const INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE: *const () = _initial_kernel_heap_size as _;
 #[no_mangle]
 #[naked]
 unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
    // Initialise SSE and jump to kernel entrypoint
    core::arch::asm!(
        "mov rax, cr0",
        "and ax, 0xfffb",
        "or ax, 0x2",
        "mov cr0, rax",
        "mov rax, cr4",
        "or ax, 3 << 9",
        "mov cr4, rax",
        "jmp {}",
        sym start,
        options(noreturn),
    )
 }
 unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
    logging::init();
    crate::logger::init().expect("failed to set logger");
    log::info!("Initialising AKern {}", crate::VERSION);
-    static HDHM_REQ: HhdmRequest = HhdmRequest::new(0);
+    static HDHM_REQ: LimineHhdmRequest = LimineHhdmRequest::new(0);
    memory::init_pt(VirtAddr::new(
        HDHM_REQ
            .get_response()
@ -60,9 +35,10 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
            .expect("tried to get physical memory mapping offset from Limine")
            .offset,
    ));
    allocator::init(INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_START, INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE as _);
-    static MMAP_REQ: MemmapRequest = MemmapRequest::new(0);
+    static MMAP_REQ: LimineMemmapRequest = LimineMemmapRequest::new(0);
    memory::initialize(
        MMAP_REQ
            .get_response()
@ -74,108 +50,24 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
    gdt::init();
    interrupts::init();
-    static KFILE_REQ: KernelFileRequest = KernelFileRequest::new(0);
+    {
-    static MOD_REQ: ModuleRequest = ModuleRequest::new(0);
+        let mut mm = MEMORY_MANAGER.get().unwrap().lock();
-
+        let alloc_0 = mm.allocate_pages(0).unwrap();
-    device_info_collector::collect_device_info();
+        log::debug!("Addr: {alloc_0}");
-
+        let alloc_1 = mm.allocate_pages(0).unwrap();
-    // Graphics test
+        log::debug!("Addr: {alloc_1}");
-    // {
+        mm.deallocate_pages(alloc_0, 0);
-    //     graphics::init();
+        let alloc_2 = mm.allocate_pages(1).unwrap();
-    //     let mut dis = DISPLAY.lock();
+        log::debug!("Addr: {alloc_2}");
-    //     use embedded_graphics::prelude::RgbColor;
+        mm.deallocate_pages(alloc_1, 0);
-
+        mm.deallocate_pages(alloc_2, 1);
-    //     let _ = dis.set_color(Rgb888::YELLOW);
+        let alloc_3 = mm.allocate_pages(1).unwrap();
-    //     let thick = 6;
+        log::debug!("Addr: {alloc_3}");
-    //     let p1 = (400, 30);
+        mm.deallocate_pages(alloc_3, 1);
    //     let p2 = (200, 150);
    //     let p3 = (600, 150);
    //     let p4 = (200, 350);
    //     let p5 = (600, 350);
    //     let p6 = (400, 470);
    //     {
    //         //HEXAGON
    //         let _ = dis.line(p1.0, p1.1, p2.0, p2.1, thick);
    //         let _ = dis.line(p1.0, p1.1, p3.0, p3.1, thick);
    //         let _ = dis.line(p2.0, p2.1, p4.0, p4.1, thick);
    //         let _ = dis.line(p3.0, p3.1, p5.0, p5.1, thick);
    //         let _ = dis.line(p6.0, p6.1, p4.0, p4.1, thick);
    //         let _ = dis.line(p6.0, p6.1, p5.0, p5.1, thick);
    //     }
    //     {
    //         let _ = dis.line(600, 150, 200, 350, thick);
    //         let _ = dis.line(600, 350, 400, 250, thick);
    //     }
    //     {
    //         let _ = dis.set_color(Rgb888::WHITE);
    //         let hp1 = (350, 150);
    //         let hp2 = (350, 350);
    //         let hp3 = (450, 250);
    //         let hp4 = (350, 250);
    //         let hp5 = (450, 150);
    //         let hp6 = (450, 350);
    //         let _ = dis.line(hp1.0, hp1.1, hp2.0, hp2.1, thick);
    //         let _ = dis.line(hp3.0, hp3.1, hp4.0, hp4.1, thick);
    //         let _ = dis.line(hp5.0, hp5.1, hp6.0, hp6.1, thick);
    //     }
    //     dis.swap_buffers();
    // };
    // TODO: Add in rdseed and rdrand as sources for randomness
    let _rand = xml::XMLElement::new("Random");
    log::trace!("Getting boot modules");
    let bm = MOD_REQ.get_response().get();
    let mut bootmodules = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
    if bm.is_some() {
        let bm = bm.unwrap();
        for x in 0..bm.module_count {
            let file = bm.modules().get(x as usize);
            if file.is_some() {
                let file = file.unwrap();
                let raw_bytes = core::slice::from_raw_parts(
                    file.base.as_ptr().expect("invalid initrd"),
                    file.length as usize,
                )
                .to_vec();
                let file_path = alloc::string::String::from_utf8(
                    file.path.to_str().unwrap().to_bytes().to_vec(),
                );
                if file_path.is_err() {
                    panic!("invalid file path: {:?}", file_path);
                }
                let file_cmd = alloc::string::String::from_utf8(
                    file.cmdline.to_str().unwrap().to_bytes().to_vec(),
                );
                if file_cmd.is_err() {
                    panic!("invalid module cmd: {:?}", file_cmd);
                }
                log::trace!("module path: {:?}", file_path);
                log::trace!("module cmd: {:?}", file_cmd);
                bootmodules.push(BootModule::new(
                    file_path.unwrap(),
                    raw_bytes,
                    file_cmd.unwrap(),
                ));
            } else {
                log::error!("You should not be here");
                break;
            }
        }
        log::info!("Boot module count: {:?}", bootmodules.len());
        assert_eq!(bm.module_count, bootmodules.len() as u64);
    }
    static KFILE_REQ: LimineKernelFileRequest = LimineKernelFileRequest::new(0);
    static MOD_REQ: LimineModuleRequest = LimineModuleRequest::new(0);
    crate::kmain::kmain(
        KFILE_REQ
            .get_response()
@ -188,110 +80,22 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
            .transpose()
            .expect("expected valid cmdline string")
            .unwrap_or_default(),
-        bootmodules,
+        MOD_REQ
            .get_response()
            .get()
            .and_then(|m| m.modules().get(0))
            .map(|file| unsafe {
                core::slice::from_raw_parts(
                    file.base.as_ptr().expect("invalid initrd"),
                    file.length as usize,
                )
            }),
    )
 }
 /// Spin loop
-pub fn spin_loop() -> ! {
+pub fn sloop() -> ! {
    loop {
        x86_64::instructions::hlt();
    }
 }
 pub fn hardware_random_u64() -> u64 {
    use {log::trace, rdrand::RdRand};
    let gen = RdRand::new();
    match gen {
        Ok(gen) => {
            let ret = gen.try_next_u64().unwrap();
            trace!("Random {}", ret);
            return ret;
        }
        Err(err) => {
            warn!("RDRand not supported.");
            // Try rdseed
            let gen = RdSeed::new();
            match gen {
                Ok(gen) => {
                    let ret = gen.try_next_u64().unwrap();
                    trace!("Random {}", ret);
                    return ret;
                }
                Err(err) => {
                    panic!("Neither RDRand or RDSeed are supported")
                }
            }
        }
    }
 }
 pub fn get_edid() {}
 pub fn register_dump() {
    let rax: u64;
    let rbx: u64 = 0;
    let rcx: u64;
    let rdx: u64;
    let si: u64;
    let di: u64;
    let r8: u64; // TODO: r8-r15
    let r9: u64;
    let r10: u64;
    let r11: u64;
    let r12: u64;
    let r13: u64;
    let r14: u64;
    let r15: u64;
    unsafe {
        asm!("",
        out("rax") rax,
        out("rcx") rcx,
        out("rdx") rdx,
        out("si") si,
        out("di") di,
        out("r8") r8,
        out("r9") r9,
        out("r10") r10,
        out("r11") r11,
        out("r12") r12,
        out("r13") r13,
        out("r14") r14,
        out("r15") r15,
        )
    };
    log::error!(
        "Kernel Panic!\r
 Register Dump\r
    rax: {:#x}\r
    rbx: {:#x}\r
    rcx: {:#x}\r
    rdx: {:#x}\r
    si : {:#x}\r
    di : {:#x}\r
    r8 : {:#x}\r
    r9 : {:#x}\r
    r11: {:#x}\r
    r12: {:#x}\r
    r13: {:#x}\r
    r14: {:#x}\r
    r15: {:#x}\r
 ",
        rax,
        rbx,
        rcx,
        rdx,
        si,
        di,
        r8,
        r9,
        r11,
        r12,
        r13,
        r14,
        r15,
    );
 }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/pci/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/pci/mod.rs
@ -1,501 +0,0 @@
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
 /// A struct containing info about a PCI device.
 pub struct PciDeviceInfo {
    pub header_type: u8,
    pub device: u8,
    pub bus: u8,
    pub device_id: DeviceID,
    pub full_class: PciFullClass,
    pub rev_id: u8,
 }
 use crate::alloc::string::ToString;
 /// Enumerate PCI devices and run initialisation routines on ones we support
 pub fn init(device_tree: &mut DeviceTree) {
    device_tree.devices
        .insert("Unidentified PCI".to_string(), alloc::vec![]);
    let mut devices = alloc::vec![];
    for bus in 0..=255 {
        for device in 0..32 {
            if let Some(device_info) = check_device(bus, device) {
                let vendor = device_info.device_id.vendor;
                let id = device_info.device_id.id;
                use Vendor::*;
                let (dev_type, dev_name) = match (vendor, id) {
                    (Qemu, 4369) => ("GPUs", "QEMU VGA"),
                    (VirtIO, 4176) => ("GPUs", "VirtIO PCI GPU"),
                    (CirrusLogic, 184) => ("GPUs", "Cirrus SVGA"), //GD 5446?
                    (_, _) => ("Unidentified PCI", "UNKNOWN DEVICE"),
                };
                // let (dev_type, dev_name) = match device_info.full_class {
                //     PciFullClass::Unclassified_NonVgaCompatible => todo!(),
                //     PciFullClass::Unclassified_VgaCompatible => todo!(),
                //     PciFullClass::Display_VGA => ("GPUs", "VGA Device"),
                //     PciFullClass::Display_XGA => ("GPUs", "XGA Device"),
                //     PciFullClass::Display_3D => ("GPUs", "3D Device"),
                //     PciFullClass::Display_Other => ("GPUs", "Other"),
                //     _ => ("Unidentified PCI", "UNKNOWN DEVICE"),
                // };
                let mut dev = xml::XMLElement::new(dev_name);
                let mut pci_info = xml::XMLElement::new("PCI Info");
                pci_info.set_attribute("id", id);
                pci_info.set_attribute("device", device_info.device);
                pci_info.set_attribute("vendor", vendor);
                pci_info.set_attribute("class", device_info.full_class.to_string());
                dev.set_child(pci_info);
                devices.push((dev_type, dev));
            }
        }
    }
    for (dev_type, dev) in devices {
        if let Some(abc) = device_tree.devices.get_mut(dev_type) {
            abc.push(dev);
        }
    }
 }
 pub fn check_device(bus: u8, device: u8) -> Option<PciDeviceInfo> {
    assert!(device < 32);
    let (device_id, vendor_id) = get_ids(bus, device, 0);
    if vendor_id == 0xFFFF {
        // Device doesn't exist
        return None;
    }
    let reg2 = unsafe { pci_config_read(bus, device, 0, 0x8) };
    let class = ((reg2 >> 16) & 0x0000_FFFF) as u16;
    let pci_class = PciFullClass::from_u16(class);
    let header_type = get_header_type(bus, device, 0);
    Some(PciDeviceInfo {
        header_type,
        device,
        bus,
        device_id: DeviceID {
            vendor: vendor_id.into(),
            id:     device_id,
        },
        full_class: pci_class,
        rev_id: (reg2 & 0x0000_00FF) as u8,
    })
 }
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct DeviceID {
    pub vendor: Vendor,
    pub id:     u16,
 }
 impl DeviceID {
    pub const fn new(vendor: Vendor, id: u16) -> Self {
        Self { vendor, id }
    }
 }
 #[derive(PartialEq, Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq)]
 #[repr(u16)]
 pub enum Vendor {
    ThreeDfxInteractiveInc = 0x121A,
    ThreeDLabs = 0x3D3D,
    AllianceSemiconductorCorp = 0x1142,
    ARKLogicInc = 0xEDD8,
    ATITechnologiesInc = 0x1002,
    AvanceLogicIncALI = 0x1005,
    ChipsandTechnologies = 0x102C,
    CirrusLogic = 0x1013,
    Compaq = 0x0E11,
    CyrixCorp = 0x1078,
    DiamondMultimediaSystems = 0x1092,
    DigitalEquipmentCorp = 0x1011,
    Iit = 0x1061,
    IntegratedMicroSolutionsInc = 0x10E0,
    IntelCorp = 0x8086,
    IntergraphicsSystems = 0x10EA,
    MacronixInc = 0x10D9,
    MatroxGraphicsInc = 0x102B,
    MiroComputersProductsAG = 0x1031,
    NationalSemiconductorCorp = 0x100B,
    NeoMagicCorp = 0x10C8,
    Number9ComputerCompany = 0x105D,
    NVidiaCorporation = 0x10DE,
    NVidiaSgsthomson = 0x12D2,
    OakTechnologyInc = 0x104E,
    Qemu = 0x1234,
    QuantumDesignsHKLtd = 0x1098,
    Real3D = 0x003D,
    Rendition = 0x1163,
    S3Inc = 0x5333,
    SierraSemiconductor = 0x10A8,
    SiliconIntegratedSystemsSiS = 0x1039,
    SiliconMotionInc = 0x126F,
    STBSystemsInc = 0x10B4,
    TexasInstruments = 0x104C,
    ToshibaAmericaInfoSystems = 0x1179,
    TridentMicrosystems = 0x1023,
    TsengLabsInc = 0x100C,
    TundraSemiconductorCorp = 0x10E3,
    VIATechnologiesInc = 0x1106,
    VirtIO = 0x1AF4,
    VMWareInc = 0x15AD,
    Weitek = 0x100E,
    Unknown(u16),
 }
 impl From<u16> for Vendor {
    fn from(vendor_id: u16) -> Self {
        use Vendor::*;
        match vendor_id {
            0x121A => ThreeDfxInteractiveInc,
            0x3D3D => ThreeDLabs,
            0x1142 => AllianceSemiconductorCorp,
            0xEDD8 => ARKLogicInc,
            0x1002 => ATITechnologiesInc,
            0x1005 => AvanceLogicIncALI,
            0x102C => ChipsandTechnologies,
            0x1013 => CirrusLogic,
            0x0E11 => Compaq,
            0x1078 => CyrixCorp,
            0x1092 => DiamondMultimediaSystems,
            0x1011 => DigitalEquipmentCorp,
            0x1061 => Iit,
            0x10E0 => IntegratedMicroSolutionsInc,
            0x8086 => IntelCorp,
            0x10EA => IntergraphicsSystems,
            0x10D9 => MacronixInc,
            0x102B => MatroxGraphicsInc,
            0x1031 => MiroComputersProductsAG,
            0x100B => NationalSemiconductorCorp,
            0x10C8 => NeoMagicCorp,
            0x105D => Number9ComputerCompany,
            0x10DE => NVidiaCorporation,
            0x12D2 => NVidiaSgsthomson,
            0x104E => OakTechnologyInc,
            0x1234 => Qemu,
            0x1098 => QuantumDesignsHKLtd,
            0x003D => Real3D,
            0x1163 => Rendition,
            0x5333 => S3Inc,
            0x10A8 => SierraSemiconductor,
            0x1039 => SiliconIntegratedSystemsSiS,
            0x126F => SiliconMotionInc,
            0x10B4 => STBSystemsInc,
            0x104C => TexasInstruments,
            0x1179 => ToshibaAmericaInfoSystems,
            0x1023 => TridentMicrosystems,
            0x100C => TsengLabsInc,
            0x10E3 => TundraSemiconductorCorp,
            0x1106 => VIATechnologiesInc,
            0x1AF4 => VirtIO,
            0x15AD => VMWareInc,
            0x100E => Weitek,
            id => Unknown(id),
        }
    }
 }
 impl Into<u16> for Vendor {
    fn into(self) -> u16 {
        use Vendor::*;
        match self {
            ThreeDfxInteractiveInc => 0x121A,
            ThreeDLabs => 0x3D3D,
            AllianceSemiconductorCorp => 0x1142,
            ARKLogicInc => 0xEDD8,
            ATITechnologiesInc => 0x1002,
            AvanceLogicIncALI => 0x1005,
            ChipsandTechnologies => 0x102C,
            CirrusLogic => 0x1013,
            Compaq => 0x0E11,
            CyrixCorp => 0x1078,
            DiamondMultimediaSystems => 0x1092,
            DigitalEquipmentCorp => 0x1011,
            Iit => 0x1061,
            IntegratedMicroSolutionsInc => 0x10E0,
            IntelCorp => 0x8086,
            IntergraphicsSystems => 0x10EA,
            MacronixInc => 0x10D9,
            MatroxGraphicsInc => 0x102B,
            MiroComputersProductsAG => 0x1031,
            NationalSemiconductorCorp => 0x100B,
            NeoMagicCorp => 0x10C8,
            Number9ComputerCompany => 0x105D,
            NVidiaCorporation => 0x10DE,
            NVidiaSgsthomson => 0x12D2,
            OakTechnologyInc => 0x104E,
            Qemu => 0x1234,
            QuantumDesignsHKLtd => 0x1098,
            Real3D => 0x003D,
            Rendition => 0x1163,
            S3Inc => 0x5333,
            SierraSemiconductor => 0x10A8,
            SiliconIntegratedSystemsSiS => 0x1039,
            SiliconMotionInc => 0x126F,
            STBSystemsInc => 0x10B4,
            TexasInstruments => 0x104C,
            ToshibaAmericaInfoSystems => 0x1179,
            TridentMicrosystems => 0x1023,
            TsengLabsInc => 0x100C,
            TundraSemiconductorCorp => 0x10E3,
            VIATechnologiesInc => 0x1106,
            VirtIO => 0x1AF4,
            VMWareInc => 0x15AD,
            Weitek => 0x100E,
            Unknown(id) => id,
        }
    }
 }
 impl Display for Vendor {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
        use Vendor::*;
        match self {
            Qemu => write!(f, "QEMU (0x1234)"),
            VirtIO => write!(f, "VirtIO (0x1AF4)"),
            VMWareInc => write!(f, "VMWARE (0x15AD)"),
            S3Inc => write!(f, "S3 Incorporated (0x5333)"),
            IntelCorp => write!(f, "Intel Corp. (0x8086)"),
            ATITechnologiesInc => write!(f, "ATI (0x1002)"),
            Unknown(id) => write!(f, "Unknown ({:#6})", id),
            other => write!(f, "{other:?}"),
        }?;
        Ok(())
    }
 }
 use core::fmt::Display;
 use x86_64::instructions::port::Port;
 use crate::device_tree::DeviceTree;
 #[allow(non_camel_case_types, dead_code)]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
 #[repr(C)]
 /// Class specification for a PCI device
 pub enum PciClass {
    Unclassified = 0x00,
    MassStorage = 0x01,
    Network = 0x02,
    Display = 0x03,
    Multimedia = 0x04,
    Memory = 0x05,
    Bridge = 0x06,
    Unknown = 0xFF,
 }
 impl From<u8> for PciClass {
    /// Convert a u8 into the corresponding PciClass
    fn from(n: u8) -> Self {
        use PciClass::*;
        match n {
            0x00 => Unclassified,
            0x01 => MassStorage,
            0x02 => Network,
            0x03 => Display,
            0x04 => Multimedia,
            0x05 => Memory,
            0x06 => Bridge,
            _ => Unknown,
        }
    }
 }
 #[allow(non_camel_case_types, dead_code)]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
 #[repr(C)]
 /// Full class specification (type and subtype) for a PCI device.
 ///
 /// Uses non-camel-case types for readability.
 pub enum PciFullClass {
    Unclassified_NonVgaCompatible = 0x0000,
    Unclassified_VgaCompatible = 0x0001,
    MassStorage_ScsiBus = 0x0100,
    MassStorage_IDE = 0x0101,
    MassStorage_Floppy = 0x0102,
    MassStorage_IpiBus = 0x0103,
    MassStorage_RAID = 0x0104,
    MassStorage_ATA = 0x0105,
    MassStorage_SATA = 0x0106,
    MassStorage_SerialSCSI = 0x0107,
    MassStorage_NVM = 0x0108,
    MassStorage_Other = 0x0180,
    Network_Ethernet = 0x0200,
    Network_TokenRing = 0x0201,
    Network_FDDI = 0x0202,
    Network_ATM = 0x0203,
    Network_ISDN = 0x0204,
    Network_WorldFlip = 0x0205,
    Network_PICMG = 0x0206,
    Network_Infiniband = 0x0207,
    Network_Fabric = 0x0208,
    Network_Other = 0x0280,
    Display_VGA = 0x0300,
    Display_XGA = 0x0301,
    Display_3D = 0x0302,
    Display_Other = 0x0380,
    Multimedia_Video = 0x0400,
    Multimedia_AudioController = 0x0401,
    Multimedia_Telephony = 0x0402,
    Multimedia_AudioDevice = 0x0403,
    Multimedia_Other = 0x0480,
    Memory_RAM = 0x0500,
    Memory_Flash = 0x0501,
    Memory_Other = 0x0580,
    Bridge_Host = 0x0600,
    Bridge_ISA = 0x0601,
    Bridge_EISA = 0x0602,
    Bridge_MCA = 0x0603,
    Bridge_PciToPci = 0x0604,
    Bridge_PCMCIA = 0x0605,
    Bridge_NuBus = 0x0606,
    Bridge_CardBus = 0x0607,
    Bridge_RACEway = 0x0608,
    Bridge_PciToPciSemiTransparent = 0x0609,
    Bridge_InfinibandToPci = 0x060A,
    Bridge_Other = 0x0680,
    Unknown = 0xFFFF,
 }
 impl PciFullClass {
    // listen, i know this sucks, but i didn't want to include
    // `num`, `num-traits` and `num-derive` as dependencies for
    // this crate just for a convenience function
    /// Convert a u16 into the corresponding PciFullClass
    pub fn from_u16(n: u16) -> PciFullClass {
        match n {
            0x0000 => PciFullClass::Unclassified_NonVgaCompatible,
            0x0001 => PciFullClass::Unclassified_VgaCompatible,
            0x0100 => PciFullClass::MassStorage_ScsiBus,
            0x0101 => PciFullClass::MassStorage_IDE,
            0x0102 => PciFullClass::MassStorage_Floppy,
            0x0103 => PciFullClass::MassStorage_IpiBus,
            0x0104 => PciFullClass::MassStorage_RAID,
            0x0105 => PciFullClass::MassStorage_ATA,
            0x0106 => PciFullClass::MassStorage_SATA,
            0x0107 => PciFullClass::MassStorage_SerialSCSI,
            0x0108 => PciFullClass::MassStorage_NVM,
            0x0180 => PciFullClass::MassStorage_Other,
            0x0200 => PciFullClass::Network_Ethernet,
            0x0201 => PciFullClass::Network_TokenRing,
            0x0202 => PciFullClass::Network_FDDI,
            0x0203 => PciFullClass::Network_ATM,
            0x0204 => PciFullClass::Network_ISDN,
            0x0205 => PciFullClass::Network_WorldFlip,
            0x0206 => PciFullClass::Network_PICMG,
            0x0207 => PciFullClass::Network_Infiniband,
            0x0208 => PciFullClass::Network_Fabric,
            0x0280 => PciFullClass::Network_Other,
            0x0300 => PciFullClass::Display_VGA,
            0x0301 => PciFullClass::Display_XGA,
            0x0302 => PciFullClass::Display_3D,
            0x0380 => PciFullClass::Display_Other,
            0x0400 => PciFullClass::Multimedia_Video,
            0x0401 => PciFullClass::Multimedia_AudioController,
            0x0402 => PciFullClass::Multimedia_Telephony,
            0x0403 => PciFullClass::Multimedia_AudioDevice,
            0x0480 => PciFullClass::Multimedia_Other,
            0x0500 => PciFullClass::Memory_RAM,
            0x0501 => PciFullClass::Memory_Flash,
            0x0580 => PciFullClass::Memory_Other,
            0x0600 => PciFullClass::Bridge_Host,
            0x0601 => PciFullClass::Bridge_ISA,
            0x0602 => PciFullClass::Bridge_EISA,
            0x0603 => PciFullClass::Bridge_MCA,
            0x0604 => PciFullClass::Bridge_PciToPci,
            0x0605 => PciFullClass::Bridge_PCMCIA,
            0x0606 => PciFullClass::Bridge_NuBus,
            0x0607 => PciFullClass::Bridge_CardBus,
            0x0608 => PciFullClass::Bridge_RACEway,
            0x0609 => PciFullClass::Bridge_PciToPciSemiTransparent,
            0x060A => PciFullClass::Bridge_InfinibandToPci,
            0x0680 => PciFullClass::Bridge_Other,
            _ => PciFullClass::Unknown,
        }
    }
    /// Convert a PciFullClass to its u16 representation
    pub fn as_u16(&self) -> u16 {
        *self as u16
    }
 }
 impl From<u16> for PciFullClass {
    /// Convert a u16 into the corresponding PciFullClass
    fn from(n: u16) -> Self {
        Self::from_u16(n)
    }
 }
 impl Display for PciFullClass {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{:?} ({:#06X})", self, self.as_u16())?;
        Ok(())
    }
 }
 unsafe fn pci_config_read(bus: u8, device: u8, func: u8, offset: u8) -> u32 {
    let bus = bus as u32;
    let device = device as u32;
    let func = func as u32;
    let offset = offset as u32;
    // construct address param
    let address =
        ((bus << 16) | (device << 11) | (func << 8) | (offset & 0xFC) | 0x8000_0000) as u32;
    // write address
    Port::new(0xCF8).write(address);
    // read data
    Port::new(0xCFC).read()
 }
 unsafe fn pci_config_write(bus: u8, device: u8, func: u8, offset: u8, value: u32) {
    let bus = bus as u32;
    let device = device as u32;
    let func = func as u32;
    let offset = offset as u32;
    // construct address param
    let address =
        ((bus << 16) | (device << 11) | (func << 8) | (offset & 0xFC) | 0x8000_0000) as u32;
    // write address
    Port::new(0xCF8).write(address);
    // write data
    Port::new(0xCFC).write(value);
 }
 fn get_header_type(bus: u8, device: u8, function: u8) -> u8 {
    assert!(device < 32);
    assert!(function < 8);
    let res = unsafe { pci_config_read(bus, device, function, 0x0C) };
    ((res >> 16) & 0xFF) as u8
 }
 fn get_ids(bus: u8, device: u8, function: u8) -> (u16, u16) {
    assert!(device < 32);
    assert!(function < 8);
    let res = unsafe { pci_config_read(bus, device, function, 0) };
    let dev_id = ((res >> 16) & 0xFFFF) as u16;
    let vnd_id = (res & 0xFFFF) as u16;
    (dev_id, vnd_id)
 }
--- a/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/virtio/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/x86_64/virtio/mod.rs
@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
 use {
    core::{ptr::NonNull},
    virtio_drivers::{BufferDirection, Hal, PhysAddr},
 };
 pub fn test() {
    let _ps = virtio_drivers::PAGE_SIZE;
 }
 pub struct AbleosHal;
 unsafe impl Hal for AbleosHal {
    fn dma_alloc(_pages: usize, _direction: BufferDirection) -> (PhysAddr, NonNull<u8>) {
        todo!();
    }
    unsafe fn dma_dealloc(_paddr: PhysAddr, _vaddr: NonNull<u8>, _pages: usize) -> i32 {
        todo!()
    }
    unsafe fn mmio_phys_to_virt(paddr: PhysAddr, _size: usize) -> NonNull<u8> {
        NonNull::new(paddr as _).unwrap()
    }
    unsafe fn share(_buffer: NonNull<[u8]>, _direction: BufferDirection) -> PhysAddr {
        todo!()
    }
    unsafe fn unshare(_paddr: PhysAddr, _buffer: NonNull<[u8]>, _direction: BufferDirection) {
        // Nothing to do, as the host already has access to all memory and we didn't copy the buffer
        // anywhere else.
        todo!()
    }
 }
 fn virt_to_phys(vaddr: usize) -> PhysAddr {
    vaddr
 }
--- a/kernel/src/bootmodules.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/bootmodules.rs
@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
 use {
    crate::alloc::string::ToString,
    alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec},
    clparse::Arguments,
    core::fmt::{Debug, Display},
    log::trace,
    xml::XMLElement,
 };
 pub type BootModules = Vec<BootModule>;
 pub struct BootModule {
    pub path:  String,
    pub bytes: Vec<u8>,
    pub cmd:   String,
 }
 impl BootModule {
    pub fn new(path: String, bytes: Vec<u8>, cmd: String) -> Self {
        Self { path, bytes, cmd }
    }
 }
 pub fn build_cmd<T: Display + Debug>(name: T, cmdline: T) -> XMLElement {
    let mut cmdline = cmdline.to_string();
    cmdline.pop();
    cmdline.remove(0);
    let cmd = Arguments::parse(cmdline.to_string()).unwrap();
    trace!("Cmdline: {cmd:?}");
    let mut clo = XMLElement::new(name);
    for (key, value) in cmd.arguments {
        clo.set_attribute(key, value);
    }
    trace!("command line object: {:?}", clo);
    clo
 }
--- a/kernel/src/capabilities.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/capabilities.rs
@ -1,186 +0,0 @@
 //! AbleOS capability tree implementation
 use {
    crate::{tab, utils::TAB},
    alloc::{
        string::{String, ToString},
        vec,
    },
    core::fmt,
 };
 // Seperate
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 struct Argument {
    name:  String,
    type_: String,
 }
 struct Function {
    name: String,
    args: Vec<Argument>,
    ret:  String,
 }
 struct Capability {
    name: String,
    functions: Vec<Function>,
    sub_capabilities: Vec<Capability>,
 }
 impl Capability {
    fn new(name: String) -> Capability {
        Capability {
            name,
            functions: Vec::new(),
            sub_capabilities: Vec::new(),
        }
    }
 }
 impl fmt::Display for Capability {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "Capability: {}\r\n", self.name)?;
        for function in &self.functions {
            write!(f, "{}Function: {}\r\n", tab!(1), function.name)?;
            for arg in &function.args {
                write!(
                    f,
                    "{}Argument: {} (Type: {})\r\n",
                    tab!(2),
                    arg.name,
                    arg.type_
                )?;
            }
            write!(f, "{}Return Type: {}\r\n", tab!(2), &function.ret)?;
        }
        for sub_capability in &self.sub_capabilities {
            write!(f, "{}{}\r\n", tab!(1), sub_capability)?;
        }
        Ok(())
    }
 }
 // impl Capability {
 //     fn to_string_with_indentation(&self, level: usize) -> String {
 //         let indent = tab!(level);
 //         let mut result = format!("{}Capability: {}\n", indent, self.name);
 //         for function in &self.functions {
 //             result.push_str(&format!(
 //                 "{}Function: {}\n",
 //                 tab!(indent + 1),
 //                 function.name
 //             ));
 //             for arg in &function.args {
 //                 result.push_str(&format!(
 //                     "{}Argument: {} (Type: {})\n",
 //                     tab!(indent + 2),
 //                     arg.name,
 //                     arg.type_
 //                 ));
 //             }
 //             result.push_str(&format!(
 //                 "{}Return Type: {}\n",
 //                 tab!(indent + 2),
 //                 &function.ret
 //             ));
 //         }
 //         for sub_capability in &self.sub_capabilities {
 //             result.push_str(&sub_capability.to_string_with_indentation(level + 1));
 //         }
 //         result
 //     }
 // }
 struct CapabilityTree {
    capabilities: Vec<Capability>,
 }
 impl CapabilityTree {
    fn new() -> CapabilityTree {
        CapabilityTree {
            capabilities: Vec::new(),
        }
    }
 }
 /// A super simple capabilities example
 pub fn example() {
    let mut capability_tree = Capability::new("VFS".to_string());
    let mut file_management_capability = Capability::new("File Management".to_string());
    file_management_capability.functions.push(Function {
        name: "OpenFile".to_string(),
        args: vec![
            Argument {
                name:  "path".to_string(),
                type_: "String".to_string(),
            },
            Argument {
                name:  "mode".to_string(),
                type_: "String".to_string(),
            },
        ],
        ret:  "FileHandle".to_string(),
    });
    file_management_capability.functions.push(Function {
        name: "ReadFile".to_string(),
        args: vec![
            Argument {
                name:  "file".to_string(),
                type_: "FileHandle".to_string(),
            },
            Argument {
                name:  "buffer".to_string(),
                type_: "&mut [u8]".to_string(),
            },
            Argument {
                name:  "length".to_string(),
                type_: "usize".to_string(),
            },
        ],
        ret:  "usize".to_string(),
    });
    file_management_capability.functions.push(Function {
        name: "WriteFile".to_string(),
        args: vec![
            Argument {
                name:  "file".to_string(),
                type_: "FileHandle".to_string(),
            },
            Argument {
                name:  "buffer".to_string(),
                type_: "&[u8]".to_string(),
            },
        ],
        ret:  "None".to_string(),
    });
    let mut directory_management_capability = Capability::new("Directory Management".to_string());
    directory_management_capability.functions.push(Function {
        name: "CreateDirectory".to_string(),
        args: vec![Argument {
            name:  "path".to_string(),
            type_: "String".to_string(),
        }],
        ret:  "bool".to_string(),
    });
    directory_management_capability.functions.push(Function {
        name: "ListDirectory".to_string(),
        args: vec![Argument {
            name:  "path".to_string(),
            type_: "String".to_string(),
        }],
        ret:  "Vec<String>".to_string(),
    });
    capability_tree
        .sub_capabilities
        .push(file_management_capability);
    capability_tree
        .sub_capabilities
        .push(directory_management_capability);
    log::debug!("CapTree\r\n{}", capability_tree);
 }
--- a/kernel/src/device_tree.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/device_tree.rs
@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
 //! A tree of hardware devices
 use {
    crate::alloc::string::ToString,
    alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec},
    core::fmt,
    hashbrown::HashMap,
 };
 /// A device object.
 /// TODO define device
 pub type Device = xml::XMLElement;
 /// A tree of devices
 // TODO: alphabetize this list
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct DeviceTree {
    /// The device tree
    pub devices: HashMap<String, Vec<Device>>,
 }
 impl DeviceTree {
    /// Build the device tree. Does not populate the device tree
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        let mut dt = Self {
            devices: HashMap::new(),
        };
        device_tree!(dt, [
            "Mice",
            "Keyboards",
            "Controllers",
            "Generic HIDs",
            "Disk Drives",
            "CD Drives",
            "Batteries",
            "Monitors",
            "GPUs",
            "CPUs",
            "USB",
            "Serial Ports",
            "Cameras",
            "Biometric Devices",
        ]);
        dt
    }
 }
 use crate::{utils::TAB, device_tree};
 use crate::tab;
 impl fmt::Display for DeviceTree {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        writeln!(f)?;
        for (device_type, devices) in &self.devices {
            writeln!(f, "\r{}{}/\r", tab!(1), device_type)?;
            for device in devices {
                writeln!(f, "{}{}/\r", tab!(2), device.name)?;
                for attr in &device.attributes {
                    writeln!(f, "{}{}\r", tab!(3), attr)?;
                }
                for child in &device.children {
                    writeln!(f, "{}{}\r", tab!(3), child.name)?;
                    for attr in &child.attributes {
                        writeln!(f, "{}{}\r", tab!(4), attr)?;
                    }
                    for child in &child.children {
                        writeln!(f, "{}{}\r", tab!(4), child.name)?;
                        for attr in &child.attributes {
                            writeln!(f, "{}{}\r", tab!(5), attr)?;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        Ok(())
    }
 }
--- a/kernel/src/handle.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/handle.rs
@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
 //! A handle module
 use {
    crate::arch::hardware_random_u64,
    core::fmt::{self, Formatter},
 };
 /// An operating system handle without permissions attached
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq, Clone, Copy)]
 pub struct OSHandle {
    id: u64,
 }
 impl OSHandle {
    /// turn a u64 into an OSHandle
    pub fn new_from_u64(id: u64) -> Self {
        Self { id }
    }
    /// Generate a new OSHandle using the HAL random function
    pub fn random_new() -> Self {
        Self {
            id: hardware_random_u64(),
        }
    }
 }
 /// A handle for resources
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq, Clone, Copy)]
 pub struct Handle {
    id:    OSHandle,
    // TODO: Update this to be indexes into the caps
    perms: Permissions,
 }
 impl Handle {
    /// make a new handle
    pub fn new() -> Handle {
        Handle {
            id:    OSHandle::random_new(),
            perms: Permissions::new(),
        }
    }
    /// represent the os handle as a u64
    pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
        self.id.id
    }
 }
 impl fmt::Display for Handle {
    fn fmt(&self, w: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), core::fmt::Error> {
        write!(w, "{:?}", self.id)?;
        Ok(())
    }
 }
 #[derive(PartialEq, Hash, Eq, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 struct Permissions {
    edit_children:   bool,
    edit_attributes: bool,
 }
 impl Permissions {
    fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            edit_children:   true,
            edit_attributes: true,
        }
    }
 }
--- a/kernel/src/holeybytes/ecah.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/holeybytes/ecah.rs
@ -1,233 +0,0 @@
 //! Environment call handling routines
 use core::borrow::Borrow;
 use crate::{
    allocator,
    holeybytes::kernel_services::{
        block_read,
        service_definition_service::{sds_msg_handler, SERVICES},
    },
 };
 use {
    super::{mem::Memory, Vm},
    crate::{arch, holeybytes::mem, ipc::buffer::IpcBuffer, kmain::IPC_BUFFERS},
    alloc::string::String,
    log::{debug, error, info, trace, warn},
 };
 pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
    let ecall_number = vm.registers[2].cast::<u64>();
    // debug!("Ecall number {:?}", ecall_number);
    // trace!("Register dump: {:?}", vm.registers);
    match ecall_number {
        0 => {
            // TODO: explode computer
            // hello world ecall
            for x in 0u64..=255 {
                vm.registers[x as usize] = x.into();
            }
        }
        1 => {
            // Make buffer
            let bounded = match vm.registers[3].cast::<u64>() {
                0 => false,
                1 => true,
                _ => {
                    panic!("Bad");
                }
            };
            let length = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
            let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
            let abc;
            match bounded {
                false => {
                    abc = IpcBuffer::new(false, 0);
                }
                true => {
                    abc = IpcBuffer::new(true, length);
                }
            };
            let buff_id = arch::hardware_random_u64();
            buffs.insert(buff_id, abc);
            debug!("Buffer ID: {}", buff_id);
            vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(buff_id);
        }
        2 => {
            // Delete buffer
        }
        3 => {
            // Send a message to a buffer
            let buffer_id = vm.registers[3].cast::<u64>();
            let mem_addr = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
            let length = vm.registers[5].cast::<u64>() as usize;
            // debug!("IPC address: {:?}", mem_addr);
            use alloc::vec::Vec;
            match buffer_id {
                0 => match sds_msg_handler(vm, mem_addr, length) {
                    Ok(()) => {}
                    Err(err) => log::error!("Improper sds format"),
                },
                1 => match log_msg_handler(vm, mem_addr, length) {
                    Ok(()) => {}
                    Err(err) => log::error!("Improper log format"),
                },
                2 => {
                    use crate::holeybytes::kernel_services::mem_serve::memory_msg_handler;
                    match memory_msg_handler(vm, mem_addr, length) {
                        Ok(_) => {}
                        Err(_) => {}
                    }
                    //
                }
                3 => {
                    unsafe fn x86_in(address: u16) -> u32 {
                        x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).read()
                    }
                    unsafe fn x86_out(address: u16, value: u32) {
                        x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).write(value);
                    }
                    let mut msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
                    let msg_type = msg_vec[0];
                    msg_vec.remove(0);
                    match msg_type {
                        0 => {
                            let addr = msg_vec[0];
                            msg_vec.remove(0);
                            let value = unsafe { x86_in(addr as u16) };
                            info!("Read the value {} from address {}", value, addr);
                            vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(value as u64);
                        }
                        1 => {
                            let addr = msg_vec[0];
                            msg_vec.remove(0);
                            let value = msg_vec[0];
                            msg_vec.remove(0);
                            info!("Setting the address {} to {}", addr, value);
                            unsafe { x86_out(addr as u16, value as u32) };
                        }
                        _ => {}
                    }
                }
                buffer_id => {
                    let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
                    match buffs.get_mut(&buffer_id) {
                        Some(buff) => {
                            let mut msg_vec = vec![];
                            for x in 0..(length as isize) {
                                let xyz = mem_addr as *const u8;
                                let value = unsafe { xyz.offset(x).read() };
                                msg_vec.push(value);
                            }
                            buff.push(msg_vec.clone());
                            info!(
                                "Message {:?} has been sent to Buffer({})",
                                msg_vec, buffer_id
                            );
                        }
                        None => {
                            log::error!("Access of non-existent buffer {}", buffer_id)
                        }
                    }
                    drop(buffs);
                }
            }
        }
        4 => {
            let buffer_id = vm.registers[3].cast::<u64>();
            let mut map_ptr = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
            let max_length = vm.registers[5].cast::<u64>();
            let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
            let mut buff = buffs.get_mut(&buffer_id).unwrap();
            let msg = buff.pop();
            if msg.len() > max_length.try_into().unwrap() {
                info!("{}", max_length);
                error!("Message is too long to map in.");
            } else {
                unsafe {
                    let ptr: *mut u64 = &mut map_ptr;
                    for (index, byte) in msg.iter().enumerate() {
                        ptr.offset(index.try_into().unwrap()).write_bytes(*byte, 1);
                    }
                }
                info!("Recieve {:?} from Buffer({})", msg, buffer_id);
            }
        }
        5 => {
            #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
            {
                let r2 = vm.registers[2].cast::<u64>();
                unsafe fn x86_in(address: u16) -> u32 {
                    x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).read()
                }
                unsafe fn x86_out(address: u16, value: u32) {
                    x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).write(value);
                }
                vm.registers[3] = hbvm::value::Value(unsafe { x86_in(r2 as u16) } as u64);
            }
        }
        // 5
        _ => {
            log::error!("Syscall unknown {:?}{:?}", ecall_number, vm.registers);
        }
    }
 }
 fn log_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), LogError> {
    // let message_length = 8 + 8 + 8;
    // log::info!("Mem Addr 0x{:x?} length {}", mem_addr, length);
    let mut msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
    let log_level = msg_vec.pop().unwrap();
    match String::from_utf8(msg_vec) {
        Ok(strr) => {
            // use LogLevel::*;
            let ll = match log_level {
                0 | 48 => error!("{}", strr),
                1 | 49 => warn!("{}", strr),
                2 | 50 => info!("{}", strr),
                3 | 51 => debug!("{}", strr),
                4 | 52 => trace!("{}", strr),
                _ => {
                    return Err(LogError::InvalidLogFormat);
                }
            };
        }
        Err(e) => {
            error!("{:?}", e);
        }
    }
    Ok(())
 }
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum LogError {
    InvalidLogFormat,
 }
 use {alloc::vec, log::Record};
 // fn memory_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), LogError> {
 //     let mut val = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
 //     for _ in 0..4096 {
 //         val.push(0);
 //     }
 //     info!("Block address: {:?}", val.as_ptr());
 //     vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(val.as_ptr() as u64);
 //     vm.registers[2] = hbvm::value::Value(4096);
 //     Ok(())
 // }
--- a/kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/mem_serve.idl
+++ b/kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/mem_serve.idl
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
 enum MemoryServiceResult {
 }
@alignment(4096)
 type PageAlignedPointer = pointer;
 type RID = u64;
@nonexhaustive 
@version 1.0
 protocol MemoryService {
    @validator(page_count, Range(1..16))
    fn map_pages(page_count: u8, ptr: Optional<PageAlignedPointer>) -> MemoryServiceResult;
    fn unmap_pages(ptr: PageAlignedPointer) -> MemoryServiceResult;
    // ptr must be page aligned and already mapped from map_pages
    fn map_hardware(hw: RID, ptr: PageAlignedPointer) -> MemoryServiceResult;
    fn unmap_hardware(hw: RID) -> MemoryServiceResult;
 }
--- a/kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/mem_serve.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/mem_serve.rs
@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
 use {
    crate::holeybytes::{
        ecah::LogError,
        kernel_services::{block_read, mem_serve},
        Vm,
    },
    alloc::alloc::alloc_zeroed,
    log::{debug, info},
 };
 pub enum MemoryServiceError {
    InvalidMemoryFormat,
 }
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum MemoryQuotaType {
    NoQuota = 0,
    SoftQuota = 1,
    HardQuota = 2,
    KillQuota = 3,
 }
 fn alloc_page(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), MemoryServiceError> {
    let mut val = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
    for _ in 0..4096 {
        val.push(0);
    }
    info!("Block address: {:?}", val.as_ptr());
    vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(val.as_ptr() as u64);
    vm.registers[2] = hbvm::value::Value(4096);
    Ok(())
 }
 pub fn memory_msg_handler(
    vm: &mut Vm,
    mem_addr: u64,
    length: usize,
 ) -> Result<(), MemoryServiceError> {
    let mut msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
    let msg_type = msg_vec[0];
    msg_vec.remove(0);
    match msg_type {
        0 => {
            let page_count = msg_vec[0];
            msg_vec.remove(0);
            let mptr_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[0..8].try_into().unwrap();
            let mptr: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(mptr_raw);
            log::debug!("Allocating {} pages @ {:x}", page_count, mptr);
            let mut val = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
            for _ in 0..(page_count as isize * 4096) {
                val.push(0);
            }
            vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(val.as_ptr() as u64);
            log::debug!("Kernel ptr: {:x}", val.as_ptr() as u64);
        }
        1 => {
            let page_count = msg_vec[0];
            msg_vec.remove(0);
            let mptr_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[0..8].try_into().unwrap();
            let mptr: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(mptr_raw);
            log::debug!("Deallocating {} pages @ {:x}", page_count, mptr);
        }
        2 => {
            use MemoryQuotaType::*;
            let quota_type = match msg_vec[0] {
                0 => NoQuota,
                1 => SoftQuota,
                2 => HardQuota,
                3 => KillQuota,
                _ => NoQuota,
            };
            msg_vec.remove(0);
            let hid_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[0..8].try_into().unwrap();
            let hid: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(hid_raw);
            for _ in 0..8 {
                msg_vec.remove(0);
            }
            let pid_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[0..8].try_into().unwrap();
            let pid: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(hid_raw);
            for _ in 0..8 {
                msg_vec.remove(0);
            }
            debug!(
                "Setting HID-{:x}:PID-{:x}'s quota type to {:?}",
                hid, pid, quota_type
            )
        }
        3 => {
            let page_count = msg_vec[0];
            log::debug!(" {} pages", page_count);
            msg_vec.remove(0);
        }
        _ => {
            log::debug!("Unknown memory service message type: {}", msg_type);
        }
    }
    Ok(())
 }
--- a/kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/mod.rs
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
 pub mod mem_serve;
 pub mod service_definition_service;
 pub fn block_read(mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Vec<u8> {
    let mut msg_vec = vec![];
    for x in 0..(length as isize) {
        let xyz = mem_addr as *const u8;
        let value = unsafe { xyz.offset(x).read() };
        msg_vec.push(value);
    }
    msg_vec
 }
--- a/kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/service_definition_service.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/service_definition_service.rs
@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
 use {
    crate::{
        alloc::string::ToString,
        arch::hardware_random_u64,
        holeybytes::{ecah::LogError, kernel_services::block_read, Vm},
        ipc::{protocol, protocol::Protocol},
    },
    alloc::string::String,
    hashbrown::HashMap,
    log::info,
    spin::{lazy::Lazy, Mutex},
 };
 pub struct Services(HashMap<u64, Protocol>);
 pub static SERVICES: Lazy<Mutex<Services>> = Lazy::new(|| {
    let mut dt = Services(HashMap::new());
    dt.0.insert(0, Protocol::void());
    Mutex::new(dt)
 });
 pub fn sds_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), LogError> {
    let mut msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
    let sds_event_type: ServiceEventType = msg_vec[0].into();
    msg_vec.remove(0);
    use ServiceEventType::*;
    match sds_event_type {
        CreateService => {
            let string = String::from_utf8(msg_vec).expect("Our bytes should be valid utf8");
            sds_create_service(string);
        }
        DeleteService => todo!(),
        SearchServices => todo!(),
    }
    // let buffer_id_raw = &msg_vec[0..8];
    // let mut arr = [0u8; 8];
    // arr.copy_from_slice(&buffer_id_raw);
    // let buffer_id = u64::from_le_bytes(arr);
    // info!("BufferID({:x?})", buffer_id);
    // let mut services = SERVICES.lock();
    // let string = String::from_utf8(msg_vec).expect("Our bytes should be valid utf8");
    // use core::borrow::BorrowMut;
    // services.borrow_mut().0.insert(buffer_id, string);
    Ok(())
 }
 enum ServiceEventType {
    CreateService = 0,
    // UpdateService = 1,
    DeleteService = 2,
    SearchServices = 3,
 }
 impl From<u8> for ServiceEventType {
    fn from(value: u8) -> Self {
        use self::*;
        match value {
            0 => Self::CreateService,
            // 1 =>
            2 => Self::DeleteService,
            3 => Self::SearchServices,
            1_u8 | 4_u8..=u8::MAX => todo!(),
        }
    }
 }
 fn sds_create_service(protocol: String) -> u64 {
    let buff_id = hardware_random_u64();
    let mut services = SERVICES.lock();
    services.0.insert(buff_id, protocol.clone().into());
    info!("BufferID({}) => {}", buff_id, protocol);
    let a: protocol::Protocol = protocol.into();
    buff_id
 }
--- a/kernel/src/holeybytes/mem.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/holeybytes/mem.rs
@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
 //! Security? Multiple address spaces? What are you talking about
 //! young adventurer. In this temple, we know no such words.
 //!
 //! Want your program to override other program's data or even the
 //! data of the kernel itself? Sure. This right shall not be infringed.
 use hbvm::mem::Address;
 fn calc_start_of_page(ptr: u64) -> u64 {
    let mut page_aligned = false;
    if ptr % 4096 == 0 {
        // page_aligned = true;
        return ptr / 4096;
    }
    panic!("unaligned");
 }
 pub struct Memory {
    // TODO: map page aligned segments of memory into a table or some sort here
 }
 impl Memory {
    #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
    fn read_device(addr: Address) {
        unsafe {
            //
            // x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(addr.get()).read()
        }
    }
 }
 impl hbvm::mem::Memory for Memory {
    #[inline]
    unsafe fn load(
        &mut self,
        addr: Address,
        target: *mut u8,
        count: usize,
    ) -> Result<(), hbvm::mem::LoadError> {
        use log::{error, info};
        if addr.get() % 4096 == 0 {}
        core::ptr::copy(addr.get() as *const u8, target, count);
        Ok(())
    }
    #[inline]
    unsafe fn store(
        &mut self,
        addr: Address,
        source: *const u8,
        count: usize,
    ) -> Result<(), hbvm::mem::StoreError> {
        core::ptr::copy(source, addr.get() as *mut u8, count);
        Ok(())
    }
    #[inline]
    unsafe fn prog_read<T: Copy>(&mut self, addr: Address) -> T {
        (addr.get() as *const T).read_unaligned()
    }
 }
--- a/kernel/src/holeybytes/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/holeybytes/mod.rs
@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
 mod ecah;
 mod kernel_services;
 mod mem;
 use {
    crate::{arch, ipc::buffer::IpcBuffer, kmain::IPC_BUFFERS},
    alloc::boxed::Box,
    core::{default, future::Future, marker::PhantomData, ptr::NonNull, task::Poll},
    hbvm::{
        mem::{
            softpaging::{icache::ICache, HandlePageFault, SoftPagedMem},
            Address, Memory,
        },
        VmRunError, VmRunOk,
    },
    log::{debug, error, info, trace, warn},
 };
 const STACK_SIZE: usize = 1024 * 1024;
 const TIMER_QUOTIENT: usize = 100;
 type Vm = hbvm::Vm<mem::Memory, TIMER_QUOTIENT>;
 pub struct ExecThread<'p> {
    vm: Vm,
    stack_bottom: *mut u8,
    _phantom: PhantomData<&'p [u8]>,
 }
 unsafe impl<'p> Send for ExecThread<'p> {}
 impl<'p> ExecThread<'p> {
    pub fn set_arguments(&mut self, ptr: u64, length: u64) {
        self.vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ptr);
        self.vm.registers[2] = hbvm::value::Value(length);
    }
    pub unsafe fn new(program: &'p [u8], entrypoint: Address) -> Self {
        let mut vm = unsafe {
            Vm::new(
                mem::Memory {},
                Address::new(program.as_ptr() as u64 + entrypoint.get()),
            )
        };
        let stack_bottom = unsafe { allocate_stack().as_ptr() };
        vm.write_reg(254, (stack_bottom as usize + STACK_SIZE - 1) as u64);
        ExecThread {
            vm,
            stack_bottom,
            _phantom: Default::default(),
        }
    }
 }
 impl<'p> Drop for ExecThread<'p> {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        unsafe { alloc::alloc::dealloc(self.stack_bottom, stack_layout()) };
    }
 }
 impl<'p> Future for ExecThread<'p> {
    type Output = Result<(), VmRunError>;
    fn poll(
        mut self: core::pin::Pin<&mut Self>,
        cx: &mut core::task::Context<'_>,
    ) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
        match self.vm.run() {
            Err(err) => {
                log::error!("HBVM Error\r\nRegister dump: {:?}", self.vm.registers,);
                return Poll::Ready(Err(err));
            }
            Ok(VmRunOk::End) => return Poll::Ready(Ok(())),
            Ok(VmRunOk::Ecall) => ecah::handler(&mut self.vm),
            Ok(VmRunOk::Timer) => (),
            Ok(VmRunOk::Breakpoint) => {
                log::error!(
                    "HBVM Debug breakpoint\r\nRegister dump: {:?}",
                    self.vm.registers,
                );
            }
        }
        cx.waker().wake_by_ref();
        Poll::Pending
    }
 }
 struct PageFaultHandler;
 impl HandlePageFault for PageFaultHandler {
    fn page_fault(
        &mut self,
        reason: hbvm::mem::MemoryAccessReason,
        pagetable: &mut hbvm::mem::softpaging::paging::PageTable,
        vaddr: hbvm::mem::Address,
        size: hbvm::mem::softpaging::PageSize,
        dataptr: *mut u8,
    ) -> bool
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        log::error!(
            "REASON: {reason} \
             vaddr: {vaddr} \
             size: {size:?} \
             Dataptr {dataptr:p}",
        );
        false
    }
 }
 const fn stack_layout() -> core::alloc::Layout {
    unsafe { alloc::alloc::Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(STACK_SIZE, 4096) }
 }
 fn allocate_stack() -> NonNull<u8> {
    let layout = stack_layout();
    match NonNull::new(unsafe { alloc::alloc::alloc_zeroed(layout) }) {
        Some(ptr) => ptr,
        None => alloc::alloc::handle_alloc_error(layout),
    }
 }
--- a/kernel/src/ipc/buffer.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/ipc/buffer.rs
@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
 //!
 use {
    super::{message::Message, protocol::Protocol},
    crossbeam_queue::{ArrayQueue, SegQueue},
 };
 pub enum BufferTypes {
    Unbound(SegQueue<Message>),
    Bound(ArrayQueue<Message>),
 }
 /// Interproccess buffer
 pub struct IpcBuffer {
    pub protocol: Protocol,
    pub buffer:   BufferTypes,
 }
 impl IpcBuffer {
    pub fn new(bounded: bool, length: u64) -> Self {
        log::debug!(
            "New IPCBuffer\r
    bounded: {}\r
    length: {:?}\r",
            bounded,
            length
        );
        match (bounded, length) {
            (false, a) => {
                let buftype = BufferTypes::Unbound(SegQueue::new());
                Self {
                    protocol: Protocol::void(),
                    buffer:   buftype,
                }
            }
            (true, length) => {
                let buftype = BufferTypes::Bound(ArrayQueue::new(length as usize));
                Self {
                    protocol: Protocol::void(),
                    buffer:   buftype,
                }
            }
        }
    }
    /// Validate a message to match the `IPC.protocol`
    pub fn validate_messages(&mut self) -> Result<(), IpcError> {
        Ok(())
    }
    pub fn push(&mut self, msg: Message) {
        match &self.buffer {
            BufferTypes::Unbound(buff) => buff.push(msg.clone()),
            BufferTypes::Bound(buff) => {
                let _ = buff.push(msg.clone());
            }
        };
    }
    pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Message {
        let msg = match &self.buffer {
            BufferTypes::Unbound(buff) => buff.pop(),
            BufferTypes::Bound(buff) => buff.pop(),
        };
        match msg {
            Some(msg) => return msg,
            None => panic!("Recieving msg error. No messages!"),
        }
    }
 }
 /// Interprocess Communication Errors
 pub enum IpcError {
    /// An invalid message error returned to the sender
    InvalidMessage,
 }
--- a/kernel/src/ipc/message.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/ipc/message.rs
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
 //! An ipc message structured in a nice convenient way
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 /// TODO: Extend this into a full structure
 /// DEPEND: This depends on an IDL
 pub type Message = Vec<u8>;
--- a/kernel/src/ipc/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/ipc/mod.rs
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
 //! Interprocess communication
 pub mod buffer;
 pub mod message;
 pub mod protocol;
--- a/kernel/src/ipc/protocol.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/ipc/protocol.rs
@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
 use {
    alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec},
    hashbrown::HashMap,
    log::info,
 };
 pub struct Type {}
 pub struct Funct {
    takes: Vec<String>,
    gives: Vec<String>,
 }
 pub struct Protocol {
    types: HashMap<String, Type>,
    fns:   HashMap<String, Funct>,
 }
 impl Protocol {
    pub fn void() -> Self {
        Self {
            types: HashMap::new(),
            fns:   HashMap::new(),
        }
    }
    // Check if a protocol defines all types it needs too
    fn validate_protocol() -> bool {
        false
    }
 }
 impl From<String> for Protocol {
    fn from(value: alloc::string::String) -> Self {
        if value.starts_with("protocol") {
            info!("ABC");
        }
        Self {
            types: HashMap::new(),
            fns:   HashMap::new(),
        }
    }
 }
--- a/kernel/src/kmain.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/kmain.rs
@ -1,129 +1,15 @@
 //! AbleOS Kernel Entrypoint
-use {
+pub fn kmain(cmdline: &str, bootstrap: Option<&'static [u8]>) -> ! {
-    crate::{
+    log::debug!("Entered kmain");
        arch::{hardware_random_u64, logging::SERIAL_CONSOLE},
        bootmodules::{build_cmd, BootModules},
        capabilities,
        device_tree::DeviceTree,
        holeybytes::ExecThread,
        ipc::buffer::{self, IpcBuffer},
    },
    alloc::format,
    hashbrown::HashMap,
    hbvm::mem::Address,
    limine::{Framebuffer, FramebufferRequest, NonNullPtr},
    log::{debug, info, trace},
    spin::{Lazy, Mutex},
    xml::XMLElement,
 };
-pub fn kmain(cmdline: &str, boot_modules: BootModules) -> ! {
+    // TODO: Actual cmdline parsing (Serde?)
-    debug!("Entered kmain");
+    if cmdline.contains("baka=9") {
-
+        let _ = crate::arch::log(format_args!(include_str!("../data/⑨. バカ")));
    let kcmd = build_cmd("Kernel Command Line", cmdline);
    trace!("Cmdline: {kcmd:?}");
    // for (i, bm) in boot_modules.iter().enumerate() {
    //     let name = format!("module-{}", i);
    //     let _bmcmd: XMLElement;
    //     if bm.cmd.len() >= 2 {
    //         // TODO: pass into the program
    //         // Pass CMDLine into an IPCBuffer and put the ptr to the IPCBuffer in r200
    //         _bmcmd = build_cmd(name, bm.cmd.clone());
    //         log::info!("{:?}", _bmcmd);
    //     }
    // }
    let dt = DEVICE_TREE.lock();
    // TODO(Able): This line causes a deadlock
    info!("Device Tree: {}", dt);
    info!("Boot complete. Moving to init_system");
    // TODO: schedule the disk driver from the initramfs
    // TODO: schedule the filesystem driver from the initramfs
    // TODO: Schedule the VFS from initramfs
    // TODO: schedule the init system from the initramfs
    drop(dt);
    let fb1: &NonNullPtr<Framebuffer> = &FB_REQ.get_response().get().unwrap().framebuffers()[0];
    {
        use crate::alloc::string::ToString;
        let mut dt = DEVICE_TREE.lock();
        let mut disp = xml::XMLElement::new("display_0");
        disp.set_attribute("width", fb1.width);
        disp.set_attribute("height", fb1.height);
        disp.set_attribute("bits per pixel", fb1.bpp);
        disp.set_attribute("pitch", fb1.pitch);
        dt.devices.insert("Displays".to_string(), alloc::vec![disp]);
    }
    log::info!("Graphics initialised");
    log::info!(
        "Graphics front ptr {:?}",
        fb1.address.as_ptr().unwrap() as *const u8
    );
-    let mut executor = crate::task::Executor::default();
+    log::info!("Cmdline: \"{cmdline}\"");
-    let bm_take = boot_modules.len();
+    let bootstrap = bootstrap.expect("no bootstrap found");
    unsafe {
        for module in boot_modules.into_iter().take(bm_take) {
            let mut cmd = module.cmd;
            if cmd.len() > 2 {
                // Remove the quotes
                cmd.remove(0);
                cmd.pop();
            }
            let cmd_len = cmd.as_bytes().len() as u64;
-            log::info!("Spawning {} with arguments \"{}\"", module.path, cmd);
+    crate::arch::sloop()
            executor.spawn(async move {
                let mut thr = ExecThread::new(&module.bytes, Address::new(0));
                if cmd_len > 0 {
                    thr.set_arguments(cmd.as_bytes().as_ptr() as u64, cmd_len);
                }
                if let Err(e) = thr.await {
                    log::error!("{e:?}");
                }
            });
        }
        info!("Random number: {}", hardware_random_u64());
        executor.run();
    };
    crate::arch::spin_loop()
 }
 pub static DEVICE_TREE: Lazy<Mutex<DeviceTree>> = Lazy::new(|| {
    let dt = DeviceTree::new();
    Mutex::new(dt)
 });
 pub static FB_REQ: FramebufferRequest = FramebufferRequest::new(0);
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 pub type IpcBuffers = HashMap<u64, IpcBuffer>;
 pub static IPC_BUFFERS: Lazy<Mutex<IpcBuffers>> = Lazy::new(|| {
    let mut bufs = HashMap::new();
    let log_buffer = IpcBuffer::new(false, 0);
    let file_buffer = IpcBuffer::new(false, 0);
    bufs.insert(1, log_buffer);
    bufs.insert(2, file_buffer);
    Mutex::new(bufs)
 });
 #[test_case]
 fn trivial_assertion() {
    trace!("trivial assertion... ");
    assert_eq!(1, 1);
    info!("[ok]");
 }
--- a/kernel/src/lib.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/lib.rs
@ -1,36 +1,25 @@
 //! The ableOS kernel.
 //! Named akern.
 //! Akern is woefully undersupported at the moment but we are looking to add support improve hardware discovery and make our lives as kernel and operating system developers easier and better
 #![no_std]
 #![feature(
    abi_x86_interrupt,
    alloc_error_handler,
    inline_const,
    panic_info_message,
    pointer_is_aligned,
-    ptr_sub_ptr,
+    prelude_import,
-    custom_test_frameworks,
+    ptr_sub_ptr
    naked_functions,
    pointer_is_aligned_to
 )]
-#![allow(dead_code)]
+#![no_std]
-#![test_runner(crate::test_runner)]
+
 extern crate alloc;
 mod allocator;
 mod arch;
 mod bootmodules;
 mod capabilities;
 mod device_tree;
 mod handle;
 mod holeybytes;
 mod ipc;
 mod kmain;
 mod logger;
 mod memory;
 mod task;
-mod utils;
+mod ubloader;
 use versioning::Version;
@ -43,8 +32,6 @@ pub const VERSION: Version = Version {
 #[panic_handler]
 fn panic(info: &core::panic::PanicInfo) -> ! {
    arch::register_dump();
    if let Some(loc) = info.location() {
        let _ = crate::arch::log(format_args!(
            "Location: {}: {}, {}\r\n",
@ -60,11 +47,3 @@ fn panic(info: &core::panic::PanicInfo) -> ! {
    loop {}
 }
 #[cfg(test)]
 fn test_runner(tests: &[&dyn Fn()]) {
    println!("Running {} tests", tests.len());
    for test in tests {
        test();
    }
 }
--- a/kernel/src/logger.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/logger.rs
@ -1,40 +1,29 @@
-// TODO: Add a logger api with logger levels and various outputs
+use log::{Level, SetLoggerError};
 pub static TERMINAL_LOGGER: Lazy<Mutex<TermLogger>> = Lazy::new(|| Mutex::new(TermLogger::new()));
 use {
    limine::{TerminalRequest, TerminalResponse},
    log::{Level, SetLoggerError},
    spin::{lazy::Lazy, mutex::Mutex},
 };
 pub fn init() -> Result<(), SetLoggerError> {
    log::set_logger(&crate::logger::Logger)?;
-    log::set_max_level(log::LevelFilter::Debug);
+    log::set_max_level(log::LevelFilter::Trace);
    Lazy::force(&TERMINAL_LOGGER);
    Ok(())
 }
 struct Logger;
 impl log::Log for Logger {
-    fn enabled(&self, _metadata: &log::Metadata) -> bool {
+    fn enabled(&self, metadata: &log::Metadata) -> bool {
        true
    }
    fn log(&self, record: &log::Record) {
        let lvl = record.level();
        let lvl_color = match lvl {
            Level::Error => "160",
            Level::Warn => "172",
            Level::Info => "47",
            Level::Debug => "25",
            Level::Trace => "103",
        };
        let module = record.module_path().unwrap_or_default();
        let line = record.line().unwrap_or_default();
        crate::arch::log(format_args!(
-            "\x1b[38;5;{lvl_color}m{lvl}\x1b[0m [{module}:{line}]: {}\r\n",
+            "\x1b[38;5;{}m{lvl}\x1b[0m [{}]: {}\r\n",
            match lvl {
                Level::Error => "160",
                Level::Warn => "172",
                Level::Info => "47",
                Level::Debug => "25",
                Level::Trace => "103",
            },
            record.module_path().unwrap_or_default(),
            record.args(),
        ))
        .expect("write to serial console");
@ -42,28 +31,3 @@ impl log::Log for Logger {
    fn flush(&self) {}
 }
 pub struct TermLogger(&'static TerminalResponse);
 unsafe impl Send for TermLogger {}
 impl TermLogger {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        static TERM_REQ: TerminalRequest = TerminalRequest::new(0);
        Self(
            TERM_REQ
                .get_response()
                .get()
                .expect("failed to get terminal response"),
        )
    }
 }
 impl core::fmt::Write for TermLogger {
    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> core::fmt::Result {
        if let (Some(w), ts) = (self.0.write(), self.0.terminals()) {
            for term in ts {
                w(term, s);
            }
        }
        Ok(())
    }
 }
--- a/kernel/src/task.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/task.rs
@ -1,19 +1,21 @@
-#![allow(unused)]
+//! Async task and executor
-use {
+use alloc::{boxed::Box, collections::BTreeMap, sync::Arc, task::Wake};
-    alloc::{boxed::Box, collections::BTreeMap, sync::Arc, task::Wake},
+use core::{
-    core::{
+    future::Future,
-        future::Future,
+    pin::Pin,
-        pin::Pin,
+    task::{Context, Poll, Waker},
        task::{Context, Poll, Waker},
    },
    crossbeam_queue::SegQueue,
    kiam::when,
    slab::Slab,
    spin::RwLock,
 };
 use crossbeam_queue::SegQueue;
 use slab::Slab;
 use spin::RwLock;
 type TaskQueue = Arc<SegQueue<TaskId>>;
 type SpawnQueue = Arc<SegQueue<Task>>;
 static SPAWN_QUEUE: RwLock<Option<SpawnQueue>> = RwLock::new(None);
 /// Spawn a new task
 pub fn spawn(future: impl Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static) {
    match &*SPAWN_QUEUE.read() {
        Some(s) => s.push(Task::new(future)),
@ -21,6 +23,7 @@ pub fn spawn(future: impl Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static) {
    }
 }
 /// Forcibly yield a task
 pub fn yield_now() -> impl Future<Output = ()> {
    struct YieldNow(bool);
    impl Future for YieldNow {
@ -40,59 +43,68 @@ pub fn yield_now() -> impl Future<Output = ()> {
    YieldNow(false)
 }
 /// Tasks executor
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct Executor {
-    tasks:    Slab<Task>,
+    /// All spawned tasks' stash
-    queue:    TaskQueue,
+    tasks: Slab<Task>,
-    to_spawn: SpawnQueue,
+
-    wakers:   BTreeMap<TaskId, Waker>,
+    /// Awake tasks' queue
    queue: TaskQueue,
    /// Incoming tasks to enqueue
    incoming: SpawnQueue,
    /// Wakers
    wakers: BTreeMap<TaskId, Waker>,
 }
 impl Executor {
    /// Spawn a task
    pub fn spawn(&mut self, future: impl Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static) {
        self.queue
            .push(TaskId(self.tasks.insert(Task::new(future))));
    }
    /// Spin poll loop until it runs out of tasks
    pub fn run(&mut self) {
        // Assign `self.incoming` to global spawn queue to spawn tasks
        // from within
        {
-            let mut global_spawner = SPAWN_QUEUE.write();
+            let mut spawner = SPAWN_QUEUE.write();
-            if global_spawner.is_some() {
+            if spawner.is_some() {
-                panic!("Task executor is already running");
+                panic!("task executor is already running");
            }
-            *global_spawner = Some(Arc::clone(&self.to_spawn));
+            *spawner = Some(Arc::clone(&self.incoming));
        }
-        loop {
+        // Try to get incoming task, if none available, poll
-            when! {
+        // enqueued one
-                let Some(id) = self
+        while let Some(id) = self
-                    .to_spawn
+            .incoming
-                    .pop()
+            .pop()
-                    .map(|t| TaskId(self.tasks.insert(t)))
+            .map(|t| TaskId(self.tasks.insert(t)))
-                    .or_else(|| self.queue.pop())
+            .or_else(|| self.queue.pop())
-                => {
+        {
-                    let Some(task) = self.tasks.get_mut(id.0) else {
+            let Some(task) = self.tasks.get_mut(id.0) else {
-                        panic!("Attempted to get task from empty slot: {}", id.0);
+                panic!("attempted to get non-extant task with id {}", id.0)
-                    };
+            };
-                    let mut cx = Context::from_waker(self.wakers.entry(id).or_insert_with(|| {
+            let mut cx = Context::from_waker(self.wakers.entry(id).or_insert_with(|| {
-                        Waker::from(Arc::new(TaskWaker {
+                Waker::from(Arc::new(TaskWaker {
-                            id,
+                    id,
-                            queue: Arc::clone(&self.queue),
+                    queue: Arc::clone(&self.queue),
-                        }))
+                }))
-                    }));
+            }));
-                    match task.poll(&mut cx) {
+            match task.poll(&mut cx) {
-                        Poll::Ready(()) => {
+                Poll::Ready(()) => {
-                            self.tasks.remove(id.0);
+                    // Task done, unregister
-                            self.wakers.remove(&id);
+                    self.tasks.remove(id.0);
-                        }
+                    self.wakers.remove(&id);
-                        Poll::Pending => (),
+                }
-                    }
+                Poll::Pending => (),
                },
                self.tasks.is_empty() => break,
                _ => (),
            }
        }
@ -100,13 +112,17 @@ impl Executor {
    }
 }
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 struct TaskId(usize);
 /// Async task
 struct Task {
    future: Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>,
 }
 impl Task {
-    pub fn new(future: impl Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static) -> Self {
+    /// Create a new task from a future
-        log::trace!("New task scheduled");
+    fn new(future: impl Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static) -> Self {
        Self {
            future: Box::pin(future),
        }
@ -117,20 +133,13 @@ impl Task {
    }
 }
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 struct TaskId(usize);
 type TaskQueue = Arc<SegQueue<TaskId>>;
 type SpawnQueue = Arc<SegQueue<Task>>;
 struct TaskWaker {
-    id:    TaskId,
+    id: TaskId,
    queue: TaskQueue,
 }
 impl Wake for TaskWaker {
    fn wake(self: Arc<Self>) {
        log::trace!("Woke Task-{:?}", self.id);
        self.wake_by_ref();
    }
--- a/sysdata/programs/diskio_driver/spec.md
+++ b/sysdata/programs/diskio_driver/spec.md
--- a/kernel/src/utils.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/utils.rs
@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
 //! A module for small utilities to be used kernel wide
 //! Simple functions and constants
 /// Used when tab `\t` in hardware is not known and we will default to two spaces
 pub const TAB: &str = "  ";
 // NOTE: this only reduces the code duplication in source code not in generated code!
 // Written by Yours Truly: Munir
 /// A simple macro to reduce code duplication when we use TAB internally
 #[macro_export]
 macro_rules! tab {
    ($num:expr) => { 
        TAB.repeat($num)
    }
 }
 // NOTE: this only reduces the code duplication in source code not in generated code!
 // Written by Yours Truly: Munir
 /// A simple macro to reduce code duplication when we insert device types into the device tree
 #[macro_export]
 macro_rules! device_tree {
    ($devtree:expr, $dev_type_vec:expr) => {
        for each_device_type in $dev_type_vec {
            $devtree.devices.insert(each_device_type.to_string(), Vec::new());
        }
    };
 }
 // NOTE: this only reduces the code duplication in source code not in generated code!
 // Written by Yours Truly: Munir
 /// A simple macro to reduce code duplication when we insert cpu features into the array/vector
 #[macro_export]
 macro_rules! cpu_features {
    ($cpu_master_object:expr, $result_vec:expr) => {
        // checks for cpu features and returns bool for each feature
        let apic = $cpu_master_object.apic();
        let avx = $cpu_master_object.avx();
        let avx2 = $cpu_master_object.avx2();
        let x2 = $cpu_master_object.x2apic();
        let gb_pages = $cpu_master_object.gigabyte_pages();
        let rdseed = $cpu_master_object.rdseed();
        let rdrand = $cpu_master_object.rdrand();
        $result_vec.push(("apic", apic));
        $result_vec.push(("avx", avx));
        $result_vec.push(("avx2", avx2));
        $result_vec.push(("gigabyte pages", gb_pages));
        $result_vec.push(("rdrand", rdrand));
        $result_vec.push(("rdseed", rdseed));
        $result_vec.push(("x2apic", x2));
    };
 }
--- a/kernel/targets/aarch64-virt-ableos.json
+++ b/kernel/targets/aarch64-virt-ableos.json
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
 {
    "arch": "aarch64",
    "data-layout": "e-m:e-i8:8:32-i16:16:32-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128",
    "disable-redzone": true,
    "env": "",
    "executables": true,
    "features": "+strict-align,+neon,+fp-armv8",
    "linker": "rust-lld",
    "linker-flavor": "ld.lld",
    "linker-is-gnu": true,
    "pre-link-args": {
        "ld.lld": [
            "-Tkernel/lds/aarch64-qemu.ld"
        ]
    },
    "llvm-target": "aarch64-unknown-none",
    "max-atomic-width": 128,
    "os": "none",
    "panic-strategy": "abort",
    "relocation-model": "static",
    "target-c-int-width": "32",
    "target-endian": "little",
    "target-pointer-width": "64",
    "vendor": ""
 }
--- a/kernel/targets/x86_64-ableos.json
+++ b/kernel/targets/x86_64-ableos.json
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
    "llvm-target": "x86_64-unknown-none",
-    "data-layout": "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128",
+    "data-layout": "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128",
    "arch": "x86_64",
    "target-endian": "little",
    "target-pointer-width": "64",
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "linker": "rust-lld",
    "panic-strategy": "abort",
    "disable-redzone": true,
-    "features": "",
+    "features": "-mmx,-sse,+soft-float",
    "code-model": "kernel",
    "pre-link-args": {
        "ld.lld": [
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 2d3d7b2633b5d95ce404a177ada0d5cbee802721
+Subproject commit 83779119f658c8ce337c33492266ecf8300db429
--- a/repbuild/Cargo.toml
+++ b/repbuild/Cargo.toml
@ -4,15 +4,7 @@ version = "0.2.0"
 edition = "2021"
 [dependencies]
-str-reader = "0.1.2"
+env_logger = "0.10"
-derive_more = "0.99"
+error-stack = "0.2"
 error-stack = "0.4"
 fatfs = "0.3"
-toml = "0.5.2"
+log = "0.4"
 # hbasm.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/holey-bytes.git"
 hblang.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/holey-bytes.git"
 [dependencies.reqwest]
 version = "0.11"
 default-features = false
 features = ["rustls-tls", "blocking"]
--- a/repbuild/background.bmp
+++ b/repbuild/background.bmp
--- a/repbuild/limine.cfg
+++ b/repbuild/limine.cfg
@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
 ${ABLEOS_KERNEL}=boot:///kernel
 # TODO: Make a boot background image for ableOS
 DEFAULT_ENTRY=1
 TIMEOUT=3
 VERBOSE=yes
 INTERFACE_RESOLUTION=1024x768
 # Terminal related settings
 TERM_WALLPAPER=boot:///background.bmp
 TERM_BACKDROP=008080
 :AbleOS
    COMMENT=Default AbleOS boot entry.
    PROTOCOL=limine
    KERNEL_PATH=${ABLEOS_KERNEL}
    KERNEL_CMDLINE=
    # Setting a default resolution for the framebuffer
    RESOLUTION=1024x768x24
    # MODULE_PATH=boot:///boot/initrd.tar
    # MODULE_CMDLINE=This is the first module.
--- a/repbuild/src/dev.rs
+++ b/repbuild/src/dev.rs
@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
 use std::{
    fmt::format,
    fs::{read_to_string, File},
    io::{BufWriter, Write},
    process::exit,
 };
 use {error_stack::Report, hblang::Options};
 use crate::Error;
 pub struct Package {
    name:      String,
    binaries:  Vec<String>,
    build_cmd: String,
 }
 impl Package {
    pub fn load_from_file(path: String) -> Self {
        let contents = match std::fs::read_to_string(path.clone()) {
            // If successful return the files text as `contents`.
            // `c` is a local variable.
            Ok(c) => c,
            // Handle the `error` case.
            Err(_) => {
                // Write `msg` to `stderr`.
                eprintln!("Could not read file `{}`", path);
                // Exit the program with exit code `1`.
                exit(1);
            }
        };
        use toml::Value;
        let mut data: Value = toml::from_str(&contents).unwrap();
        let mut name = data
            .get("package")
            .unwrap()
            .get("name")
            .unwrap()
            .to_string();
        name.pop();
        name.remove(0);
        let dependants = data.get("dependants").unwrap();
        let bin_table = dependants.get("binaries").unwrap().as_table().unwrap();
        let mut binaries = vec![];
        for (count, (name, table)) in bin_table.into_iter().enumerate() {
            // if count != 0 {
            println!("{}", name);
            binaries.push(name.clone());
            // }
        }
        let build_table = data.get("build").unwrap();
        let mut build_cmd: String = build_table.get("command").unwrap().as_str().unwrap().into();
        build_cmd.remove(0);
        // build_cmd.pop();
        Self {
            name,
            binaries,
            build_cmd,
        }
    }
    pub fn build(&self) {
        if self.binaries.contains(&"hblang".to_string()) {
            let file = self.build_cmd.split_ascii_whitespace().last().unwrap();
            let path = format!("sysdata/programs/{}/{}", self.name, file);
            let mut bytes = Vec::new();
            // compile here
            // let _ = hblang::run_compiler(
            //     &path,
            //     Options {
            //         fmt: true,
            //         ..Default::default()
            //     },
            //     &mut bytes,
            // );
            let _ = hblang::run_compiler(&path, Default::default(), &mut bytes);
            match std::fs::create_dir("target/programs") {
                Ok(_) => (),
                Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists => (),
                Err(e) => panic!("{}", e),
            }
            let path = format!("target/programs/{}.hbf", self.name);
            let mut file = File::create(path).unwrap();
            file.write_all(&bytes).unwrap();
        }
    }
 }
--- a/repbuild/src/main.rs
+++ b/repbuild/src/main.rs
@ -1,21 +1,9 @@
-mod dev;
+use error_stack::{bail, report, Context, IntoReport, Result, ResultExt};
-
+use fatfs::{FileSystem, FormatVolumeOptions, FsOptions, ReadWriteSeek};
-use {
+use std::{fmt::Display, fs::File, io, path::Path, process::Command};
    derive_more::Display,
    dev::Package,
    error_stack::{bail, report, Context, Report, Result, ResultExt},
    fatfs::{FileSystem, FormatVolumeOptions, FsOptions, ReadWriteSeek},
    std::{
        fmt::Display,
        fs::{self, File},
        io::{self, Write},
        path::Path,
        process::{exit, Command},
    },
    toml::Value,
 };
 fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
    env_logger::init();
    let mut args = std::env::args();
    args.next();
@ -26,12 +14,9 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
            for arg in args {
                if arg == "-r" || arg == "--release" {
                    release = true;
-                } else if arg == "rv64" || arg == "riscv64" || arg == "riscv64-virt" {
+                }
                if arg == "rv64" || arg == "riscv64" || arg == "riscv64-virt" {
                    target = Target::Riscv64Virt;
                } else if arg == "arm64" || arg == "aarch64" || arg == "aarch64-virt" {
                    target = Target::Aarch64;
                } else {
                    return Err(report!(Error::InvalidSubCom));
                }
            }
@ -43,12 +28,9 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
            for arg in args {
                if arg == "-r" || arg == "--release" {
                    release = true;
-                } else if arg == "rv64" || arg == "riscv64" || arg == "riscv64-virt" {
+                }
                if arg == "rv64" || arg == "riscv64" || arg == "riscv64-virt" {
                    target = Target::Riscv64Virt;
                } else if arg == "arm64" || arg == "aarch64" || arg == "aarch64-virt" {
                    target = Target::Aarch64;
                } else {
                    return Err(report!(Error::InvalidSubCom));
                }
            }
@ -72,204 +54,55 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
    }
 }
 fn get_path_without_boot_prefix(val: &Value) -> Option<&str> {
    val.as_str()?.split("boot:///").last()
 }
 fn get_fs() -> Result<FileSystem<impl ReadWriteSeek>, io::Error> {
-    let filename = "sysdata/system_config.toml";
+    let path = Path::new("target/disk.img");
    match std::fs::metadata(path) {
        Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => (),
        Err(e) => bail!(e),
        Ok(_) => {
            return FileSystem::new(
                File::options().read(true).write(true).open(path)?,
                FsOptions::new(),
            )
            .into_report()
        }
    }
    let mut img = File::options()
        .read(true)
        .write(true)
        .create(true)
-        .open(Path::new("target/disk.img"))?;
+        .open(path)?;
    img.set_len(1024 * 1024 * 64)?;
    fatfs::format_volume(&mut img, FormatVolumeOptions::new())?;
    let fs = FileSystem::new(img, FsOptions::new())?;
    // Read the contents of the file using a `match` block
    // to return the `data: Ok(c)` as a `String`
    // or handle any `errors: Err(_)`.
    let contents = match fs::read_to_string(filename) {
        // If successful return the files text as `contents`.
        // `c` is a local variable.
        Ok(c) => c,
        // Handle the `error` case.
        Err(_) => {
            // Write `msg` to `stderr`.
            eprintln!("Could not read file `{}`", filename);
            // Exit the program with exit code `1`.
            exit(1);
        }
    };
    use toml::Value;
    let mut limine_str = String::new();
    let mut data: Value = toml::from_str(&contents).unwrap();
    let boot_table = data.get_mut("boot");
    let limine_table = boot_table.unwrap().get_mut("limine").unwrap();
    let default_entry = limine_table.get("default_entry").unwrap();
    let timeout = limine_table.get("timeout").unwrap();
    let interface_resolution = limine_table.get("interface_resolution").unwrap();
    let verbose = limine_table.get("verbose").unwrap();
    let term_wallpaper = limine_table.get("term_wallpaper").unwrap();
    let vb_post = match verbose.as_bool().unwrap() {
        true => "yes",
        false => "no",
    };
    let term_background = limine_table
        .get("term_backdrop")
        .unwrap_or(&Value::Integer(0));
    let base = format!(
        "DEFAULT_ENTRY={}
 TIMEOUT={}
 VERBOSE={}
 INTERFACE_RESOLUTION={}
 # Terminal related settings
 TERM_WALLPAPER={}
 TERM_BACKDROP={}
 ",
        default_entry,
        timeout,
        vb_post,
        interface_resolution,
        term_wallpaper.as_str().unwrap(),
        term_background
    );
    // Copy the term_wallpaper to the image
    let term_wallpaper_path = get_path_without_boot_prefix(term_wallpaper).unwrap();
    copy_file_to_img(&format!("sysdata/{}", term_wallpaper_path), &fs);
    limine_str.push_str(&base);
    let boot_entries = limine_table.as_table_mut().unwrap();
    let mut real_boot_entries = boot_entries.clone();
    for (key, value) in boot_entries.into_iter() {
        if !value.is_table() {
            real_boot_entries.remove(key);
        }
    }
    for (name, mut value) in real_boot_entries {
        let comment = value.get("comment").unwrap();
        let protocol = value.get("protocol").unwrap();
        let resolution = value.get("resolution").unwrap();
        let kernel_path = value.get("kernel_path").unwrap();
        let kernel_cmdline = value.get("kernel_cmdline").unwrap();
        let text_entry = format!(
            "
 :{}
    COMMENT={}
    PROTOCOL={}
    RESOLUTION={}
    KERNEL_PATH={}
    KERNEL_CMDLINE={}
 ",
            name,
            comment.as_str().unwrap(),
            protocol.as_str().unwrap(),
            resolution.as_str().unwrap(),
            kernel_path.as_str().unwrap(),
            kernel_cmdline,
        );
        limine_str.push_str(&text_entry);
        let modules = value.get_mut("modules").unwrap().as_table_mut().unwrap();
        // let mut real_modules = modules.clone();
        modules.into_iter().for_each(|(key, value)| {
            if value.is_table() {
                let path = get_path_without_boot_prefix(
                    value.get("path").expect("You must have `path` as a value"),
                )
                .unwrap()
                .split(".")
                .next()
                .unwrap();
                let p = Package::load_from_file(
                    format!("sysdata/programs/{}/meta.toml", path).to_owned(),
                );
                p.build();
            }
        });
        modules.into_iter().for_each(|(_key, value)| {
            if value.is_table() {
                let path = value.get("path").expect("You must have `path` as a value");
                let default_value = Value::String("".into());
                let cmd_line = value.get("cmd_line").unwrap_or(&default_value);
                let a = format!(
                    "    MODULE_PATH={}
    MODULE_CMDLINE={}\n\n",
                    path.as_str().unwrap(),
                    cmd_line
                );
                limine_str.push_str(&a);
            }
        });
        // Copy modules into the test_programs directory
        modules.into_iter().for_each(|(_key, value)| {
            if value.is_table() {
                let path = get_path_without_boot_prefix(
                    value
                        .get("path")
                        .expect("You must have a `path` as a value"),
                )
                .unwrap();
                let fpath = format!("target/programs/{}", path);
                copy_file_to_img(&fpath, &fs);
            }
        });
    }
    let bootdir = fs.root_dir().create_dir("efi")?.create_dir("boot")?;
    let mut f = fs.root_dir().create_file("limine.cfg")?;
    let a = f.write(limine_str.as_bytes())?;
    drop(f);
    io::copy(
        &mut File::open("limine/BOOTX64.EFI")
-            .map_err(Report::from)
+            .into_report()
-            .attach_printable("Copying Limine (x86_64): have you pulled the submodule?")?,
+            .attach_printable("copying Limine bootloader (have you pulled the submodule?)")?,
        &mut bootdir.create_file("bootx64.efi")?,
    )?;
    io::copy(
-        &mut File::open("limine/BOOTAA64.EFI")
+        &mut File::open("repbuild/limine.cfg")?,
-            .map_err(Report::from)
+        &mut fs.root_dir().create_file("limine.cfg")?,
-            .attach_printable("Copying Limine (ARM): have you pulled the submodule?")?,
+    )?;
-        &mut bootdir.create_file("bootaa64.efi")?,
+
    io::copy(
        &mut File::open("repbuild/background.bmp")?,
        &mut fs.root_dir().create_file("background.bmp")?,
    )?;
    drop(bootdir);
    Ok(fs)
 }
 fn copy_file_to_img(fpath: &str, fs: &FileSystem<File>) {
    let path = Path::new(fpath);
    // println!("{path:?}");
    io::copy(
        &mut File::open(path).expect(&format!("Could not open file {fpath}")),
        &mut fs
            .root_dir()
            .create_file(&path.file_name().unwrap().to_string_lossy())
            .expect("Unable to create file"),
    )
    .expect("Copy failed");
 }
 fn build(release: bool, target: Target) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let fs = get_fs().change_context(Error::Io)?;
    let mut com = Command::new("cargo");
@ -279,11 +112,11 @@ fn build(release: bool, target: Target) -> Result<(), Error> {
        com.arg("-r");
    }
-    if target == Target::Riscv64Virt {
+    match target {
-        com.args(["--target", "targets/riscv64-virt-ableos.json"]);
+        Target::Riscv64Virt => {
-    }
+            com.args(["--target", "targets/riscv64-virt-ableos.json"]);
-    if target == Target::Aarch64 {
+        }
-        com.args(["--target", "targets/aarch64-virt-ableos.json"]);
+        _ => {}
    }
    match com.status() {
@ -292,31 +125,22 @@ fn build(release: bool, target: Target) -> Result<(), Error> {
        _ => (),
    }
-    let mut path: String = "kernel".to_string();
+    if target != Target::X86_64 {
-    let kernel_dir = match target {
+        return Ok(());
-        Target::X86_64 => {
+    }
            path.push_str("_x86-64");
            "target/x86_64-ableos"
        }
        Target::Riscv64Virt => "target/riscv64-virt-ableos",
        Target::Aarch64 => {
            path.push_str("_aarch64");
            "target/aarch64-virt-ableos"
        }
    };
    (|| -> std::io::Result<_> {
        io::copy(
            &mut File::open(
-                Path::new(kernel_dir)
+                Path::new("target/x86_64-ableos")
                    .join(if release { "release" } else { "debug" })
                    .join("kernel"),
            )?,
-            &mut fs.root_dir().create_file(&path)?,
+            &mut fs.root_dir().create_file("kernel")?,
        )
        .map(|_| ())
    })()
-    .map_err(Report::from)
+    .into_report()
    .change_context(Error::Io)
 }
@ -324,54 +148,45 @@ fn run(release: bool, target: Target) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let mut com = match target {
        Target::X86_64 => Command::new("qemu-system-x86_64"),
        Target::Riscv64Virt => Command::new("qemu-system-riscv64"),
        Target::Aarch64 => Command::new("qemu-system-aarch64"),
    };
    let ovmf_path = fetch_ovmf(target);
-    match target {
+    if target == Target::X86_64 {
-        Target::X86_64 => {
+        #[rustfmt::skip]
-            #[rustfmt::skip]
+        com.args([
-            com.args([
+            "-bios",
-                "-bios", &ovmf_path.change_context(Error::OvmfFetch)?,
+                std::env::var("REPBUILD_QEMU_FIRMWARE_PATH")
-                "-drive", "file=target/disk.img,format=raw",
+                .as_deref()
-                "-m", "4G",
+                .unwrap_or("/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE.fd"),
-                "-smp", "cores=4",
+            "-drive", "file=target/disk.img,format=raw",
-                // "-enable-kvm",
+            "-m", "4G",
-                "-cpu", "Broadwell-v4"
+            "-serial", "stdio",
-            ]);
+            "-smp", "cores=2",
-        }
+        ]);
-        Target::Riscv64Virt => {
+
-            #[rustfmt::skip]
+        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-            com.args([
+        {
-                "-M", "virt",
+            com.args(["-enable-kvm", "-cpu", "host"]);
                "-m", "128M",
                "-serial", "stdio",
                "-kernel",
                if release {
                    "target/riscv64-virt-ableos/release/kernel"
                } else {
                    "target/riscv64-virt-ableos/debug/kernel"
                }
            ]);
        }
        Target::Aarch64 => {
            #[rustfmt::skip]
            com.args([
                "-M", "virt",
                "-cpu", "cortex-a72",
                "-device", "ramfb",
                "-device", "qemu-xhci",
                "-device", "usb-kbd",
                "-m", "2G",
                "-bios", &ovmf_path.change_context(Error::OvmfFetch)?,
                "-drive", "file=target/disk.img,format=raw",
            ]);
        }
    }
    if target == Target::Riscv64Virt {
        #[rustfmt::skip]
        com.args([
            "-M", "virt",
            "-m", "128M",
            "-serial", "stdio",
            "-kernel",
            if release {
                "target/riscv64-virt-ableos/release/kernel"
            } else {
                "target/riscv64-virt-ableos/debug/kernel"
            }
        ]);
    }
    match com
        .status()
-        .map_err(Report::from)
+        .into_report()
        .change_context(Error::ProcessSpawn)?
    {
        s if s.success() => Ok(()),
@ -379,92 +194,33 @@ fn run(release: bool, target: Target) -> Result<(), Error> {
    }
 }
 fn fetch_ovmf(target: Target) -> Result<String, OvmfFetchError> {
    let (ovmf_url, ovmf_path) = match target {
        Target::X86_64 => (
            "https://retrage.github.io/edk2-nightly/bin/RELEASEX64_OVMF.fd",
            "target/RELEASEX64_OVMF.fd",
        ),
        Target::Riscv64Virt => return Err(OvmfFetchError::Empty.into()),
        Target::Aarch64 => (
            "https://retrage.github.io/edk2-nightly/bin/RELEASEAARCH64_QEMU_EFI.fd",
            "target/RELEASEAARCH64_QEMU_EFI.fd",
        ),
    };
    let mut file = match std::fs::metadata(ovmf_path) {
        Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
            .create(true)
            .write(true)
            .read(true)
            .open(ovmf_path)
            .map_err(Report::from)
            .change_context(OvmfFetchError::Io)?,
        Ok(_) => return Ok(ovmf_path.to_owned()),
        Err(e) => return Err(report!(e).change_context(OvmfFetchError::Io)),
    };
    let mut bytes = reqwest::blocking::get(ovmf_url)
        .map_err(Report::from)
        .change_context(OvmfFetchError::Fetch)?;
    bytes
        .copy_to(&mut file)
        .map_err(Report::from)
        .change_context(OvmfFetchError::Io)?;
    Ok(ovmf_path.to_owned())
 }
 #[derive(Debug, Display)]
 enum OvmfFetchError {
    #[display(fmt = "Failed to fetch OVMF package")]
    Fetch,
    #[display(fmt = "No OVMF package available")]
    Empty,
    #[display(fmt = "IO Error")]
    Io,
 }
 impl Context for OvmfFetchError {}
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
 enum Target {
    X86_64,
    Riscv64Virt,
    Aarch64,
 }
-#[derive(Debug, Display)]
+#[derive(Debug)]
 enum Error {
    #[display(fmt = "Failed to build the kernel")]
    Build,
    #[display(fmt = "Missing or invalid subcommand (available: build, run)")]
    InvalidSubCom,
    #[display(fmt = "IO Error")]
    Io,
    #[display(fmt = "Failed to spawn a process")]
    ProcessSpawn,
    #[display(fmt = "Failed to fetch UEFI firmware")]
    OvmfFetch,
    #[display(fmt = "Failed to assemble Holey Bytes code")]
    Assembler,
    #[display(fmt = "QEMU Error: {}", "fmt_qemu_err(*_0)")]
    Qemu(Option<i32>),
 }
 impl Context for Error {}
-
+impl Display for Error {
-fn fmt_qemu_err(e: Option<i32>) -> impl Display {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-    struct W(Option<i32>);
+        match self {
-    impl Display for W {
+            Self::Build => f.write_str("failed to build the kernel"),
-        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+            Self::InvalidSubCom => {
-            if let Some(c) = self.0 {
+                f.write_str("missing or invalid subcommand (available: build, run)")
                c.fmt(f)
            } else {
                f.write_str("Interrupted by signal")
            }
            Self::Io => f.write_str("IO error"),
            Self::ProcessSpawn => f.write_str("failed to spawn a process"),
            Self::Qemu(Some(c)) => write!(f, "QEMU Error: {c}"),
            Self::Qemu(None) => write!(f, "QEMU Error: interrupted by signal"),
        }
    }
    W(e)
 }
--- a/rust-toolchain.toml
+++ b/rust-toolchain.toml
@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 [toolchain]
-channel = "nightly-2024-05-17"
+channel = "nightly"
 components = ["rust-src", "llvm-tools"]
--- a/rustfmt.toml
+++ b/rustfmt.toml
@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
 hex_literal_case             = "Upper"
 imports_granularity          = "One"
 struct_field_align_threshold = 5
--- a/shell.nix
+++ b/shell.nix
@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
 { pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> { } }:
 pkgs.mkShell rec {
  buildInputs = with pkgs; [
    clang
    llvmPackages.bintools
    rustup
    qemu_full
    # OMVFFull
    # OMVF
  ];
  extraCmds = '''';
  RUSTC_VERSION = pkgs.lib.readFile ./rust-toolchain.toml;
  # https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-bindgen#environment-variables
  LIBCLANG_PATH =
    pkgs.lib.makeLibraryPath [ pkgs.llvmPackages_latest.libclang.lib ];
  shellHook = ''
    export REPBUILD_QEMU_FIRMWARE_PATH=${pkgs.OVMF.fd}/FV/OVMF.fd
    export PATH=$PATH:''${CARGO_HOME:-~/.cargo}/bin
    export PATH=$PATH:''${RUSTUP_HOME:-~/.rustup}/toolchains/$RUSTC_VERSION-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/
  '';
  # Add precompiled library to rustc search path
  RUSTFLAGS = (builtins.map (a: "-L ${a}/lib") [
    # add libraries here (e.g. pkgs.libvmi)
  ]);
  # Add glibc, clang, glib and other headers to bindgen search path
  BINDGEN_EXTRA_CLANG_ARGS =
    # Includes with normal include path
    (builtins.map (a: ''-I"${a}/include"'') [
      # add dev libraries here (e.g. pkgs.libvmi.dev)
      pkgs.glibc.dev
    ])
    # Includes with special directory paths
    ++ [
      ''
        -I"${pkgs.llvmPackages_latest.libclang.lib}/lib/clang/${pkgs.llvmPackages_latest.libclang.version}/include"''
      ''-I"${pkgs.glib.dev}/include/glib-2.0"''
      "-I${pkgs.glib.out}/lib/glib-2.0/include/"
    ];
 }
--- a/sysdata/config.format
+++ b/sysdata/config.format
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
 Boolean
    Stuffed into a u8 to be indexed into
    00_00_00_01
             ^^--- One Boolean
             |the Second Boolean
 UTF8 String
    "Able The Above" => UTF8  14 bytes long
 Date Time (U128 seconds since the beginning of the universe)
 Binary Blob
 List<T>
    Bound/Unbound
    // Ordered/Unordered
    Examples:
        OSPath Is Unbounded List <String>
 Hashmap<K, V>
--- a/sysdata/libraries/stn/README.md
+++ b/sysdata/libraries/stn/README.md
@ -1 +0,0 @@
 The standard library for ableOS.
--- a/sysdata/libraries/stn/src/buffer.hb
+++ b/sysdata/libraries/stn/src/buffer.hb
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
 string := @use("rel:string.hb");
 receive_message := fn(buffer_id: int, memory_map_location: ^u8, length: int): ^u8 {
    return @eca(void, 4, buffer_id, memory_map_location, length);
 }
 send_message := fn(buffer_id: int): void {
    message := "Hello there\0";
    message_length := string.length(message);
    @eca(i32, 3, buffer_id, message, message_length);
    return;
 }
 create := fn(): int {
    msg := "\{01}Number\0";
    msg_length := string.length(msg);
    *msg = 0;
    return @eca(int, 1, 0, msg, msg_length);
 }
--- a/sysdata/libraries/stn/src/lib.hb
+++ b/sysdata/libraries/stn/src/lib.hb
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
 string := @use("rel:string.hb");
 log := @use("rel:log.hb");
 memory := @use("rel:memory.hb");
 buffer := @use("rel:buffer.hb");
--- a/sysdata/libraries/stn/src/log.hb
+++ b/sysdata/libraries/stn/src/log.hb
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
 string := @use("rel:string.hb");
 log := fn(message: ^u8, level: u8): void {
    message_length := string.length(message);
    *(message + message_length) = level;
    @eca(i32, 3, 1, message, message_length + 1);
    return;
 }
 error:= fn(message: ^u8):void return log(message, 0);
 warn:= fn(message: ^u8):void return log(message, 1);
 info:= fn(message: ^u8):void return log(message, 2);
 debug:= fn(message: ^u8):void return log(message, 3);
 trace:= fn(message: ^u8):void return log(message, 4);
--- a/sysdata/libraries/stn/src/memory.hb
+++ b/sysdata/libraries/stn/src/memory.hb
@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
 request_page := fn(page_count: u8): ^u8 {
    msg := "\{00}\{01}xxxxxxxx\0";
    msg_page_count := msg + 1;
    *msg_page_count = page_count;
    return @eca(^u8, 3, 2, msg, 12);
 }
 release_page := fn(ptr: ^u8, page_count: u8): void {
    msg := "\{01}\{00}xxxxxxxx\0";
    msg_page_count := msg + 1;
    *msg_page_count = page_count;
    msg_ptr := @as(^^u8, @bitcast(msg+2));
    *msg_ptr = ptr;
    return @eca(void, 3, 2, msg, 12);
 }
--- a/sysdata/libraries/stn/src/string.hb
+++ b/sysdata/libraries/stn/src/string.hb
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
 length := fn(ptr: ^u8): int {
    len := 0;
    loop if *ptr == 0 break else {
 		len += 1;
        ptr += 1;
 	}
    return len;
 }
--- a/sysdata/limine.cfg
+++ b/sysdata/limine.cfg
@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
 ${ABLEOS_KERNEL}=boot:///kernel
 # TODO: Make a boot background image for ableOS
 DEFAULT_ENTRY=1
 TIMEOUT=0
 VERBOSE=yes
 INTERFACE_RESOLUTION=1024x768
 # Terminal related settings
 TERM_WALLPAPER=boot:///background.bmp
 TERM_BACKDROP=008080
 :AbleOS
    COMMENT=Default AbleOS boot entry.
    PROTOCOL=limine
    KERNEL_PATH=boot:///kernel_${ARCH}
    # execute is an array of boot modules to execute
    KERNEL_CMDLINE=""
    # Setting a default resolution for the framebuffer
    RESOLUTION=1024x768x24
    MODULE_PATH=boot:///failure.hbf
    MODULE_CMDLINE=""
    MODULE_PATH=boot:///ecall.hbf
    MODULE_CMDLINE=""
    MODULE_PATH=boot:///main.hbf
    MODULE_CMDLINE=""
    MODULE_PATH=boot:///keyboard_driver.hbf
    MODULE_CMDLINE="arch=${ARCH}"
    MODULE_PATH=boot:///vfs_test.hbf
    MODULE_CMDLINE=""
    MODULE_PATH=boot:///limine_framebuffer_driver.hbf
    MODULE_CMDLINE="height=10 width=10 arch=${ARCH}"
    MODULE_PATH=boot:///serial_driver.hbf
    MODULE_CMDLINE="arch=${ARCH}"
--- a/sysdata/programs/diskio_driver/README.md
+++ b/sysdata/programs/diskio_driver/README.md
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
 # DiskIO Driver
 The purpose of this driver is to read and write disk sectors as simply as possible.
 This will be done by first getting a 'boot count'.
--- a/sysdata/programs/diskio_driver/meta.toml
+++ b/sysdata/programs/diskio_driver/meta.toml
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
 [package]
 name = "diskio_driver"
 authors = ["able"]
 [dependants.libraries]
 [dependants.binaries]
 hblang.version = "1.0.0"
 [build]
 command = "hblang src/main.hb"
--- a/sysdata/programs/diskio_driver/src/main.hb
+++ b/sysdata/programs/diskio_driver/src/main.hb
@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
 main := fn(): int {
    @eca(i32, 1, 1, 1);
    return 0;
 }
--- a/sysdata/programs/fb_driver/README.md
+++ b/sysdata/programs/fb_driver/README.md
--- a/sysdata/programs/fb_driver/meta.toml
+++ b/sysdata/programs/fb_driver/meta.toml
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
 [package]
 name = "fb_driver"
 authors = ["able"]
 [dependants.libraries]
 [dependants.binaries]
 hblang.version = "1.0.0"
 [build]
 command = "hblang src/main.hb"
--- a/sysdata/programs/fb_driver/src/main.hb
+++ b/sysdata/programs/fb_driver/src/main.hb
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
 main := fn(): int {
 	frame_buffer := @as(^u8, @bitcast(18446603339442421760));
 	color := 17;
 	loop {
 		len := (786432 * 4)+1;
 		loop if len == 0 break else {
 			fb := frame_buffer + len;
 			*fb = color;
 			len = len - 1;
 			color += len;
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
--- a/sysdata/programs/kvstore/README.md
+++ b/sysdata/programs/kvstore/README.md
@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
 # KVStore
 This is a small single process in memory key value store.
--- a/sysdata/programs/kvstore/src/main.hb
+++ b/sysdata/programs/kvstore/src/main.hb
@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
 Message := struct {
    msg_type: u8,
    key: String,
    value: String,
 }
 /*
 # Message Type 
 0 => Set Key type
 1 => Get Key
 */
 recv_msg:= fn(): Message {
    return Message.{
        msg_type: 0,
        key: "",
        value: "",
    }
 }
 main := fn(): int {
    loop {
        msg := recv_msg();
        if msg.msg_type == 0 {
            continue;
        }
        if msg.msg_type == 1 {
            continue;
        }
        if 2 <= msg.msg_type {
            error("Unexpected message type in the bagging area");
            continue;
        }
    }
    return 0;
 }
--- a/sysdata/programs/serial_driver/README.md
+++ b/sysdata/programs/serial_driver/README.md
@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
 # Serial Driver
 This program is a small serial driver for the emulated arm device in QEMU.
--- a/sysdata/programs/serial_driver/src/main.hb
+++ b/sysdata/programs/serial_driver/src/main.hb
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
 main:= fn(): int {
    arch := "Arm";
    ADDR := 0x09000000;
    loop { }
    return 0;
 }
--- a/sysdata/programs/tests/meta.toml
+++ b/sysdata/programs/tests/meta.toml
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
 [package]
 name = "tests"
 authors = ["able"]
 [dependants.libraries]
 [dependants.binaries]
 hblang.version = "1.0.0"
 [build]
 command = "hblang src/main.hb"
--- a/sysdata/programs/tests/src/main.hb
+++ b/sysdata/programs/tests/src/main.hb
@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
 stn := @use("../../../libraries/stn/src/lib.hb");
 log := stn.log;
 string := stn.string;
 memory := stn.memory;
 buffer := stn.buffer;
 main := fn(): int {
    // Create a buffer
    buffer_id := buffer.create();
    buffer.send_message(buffer_id);
    memory_pages := memory.request_page(3);
    buffer.receive_message(buffer_id, memory_pages, 4096*3);
    log.info("abc\0");
    memory.release_page(memory_pages, 3);
    // todo: abstract this out
    port_str := "\0\{70}\0";
    a := @eca(u8, 3, 3, port_str, 2);
    return 0;
 }
--- a/sysdata/protocol.idl
+++ b/sysdata/protocol.idl
@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
 type BufferID = u64;
 protocol SDS {
    fn register_protocol(BufferID, String) -> bool;
 }
--- a/sysdata/spec/Logging
+++ b/sysdata/spec/Logging
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
 # Logging Service
 The logging service uses the first byte in the message to identify the request type.
 ## Current Log Impl
 <!-- This is a hack but should be noted -->
 [STR] -> string
 [U8] -> Log Level. Refer to the log level table.
 ## Log
 [U8]     -> Log a message.
 [U8]     -> Log Level.
 [U64] -> Path length
 [STR]  -> Path String
 [U64] -> Line number
 [U64] -> column number
 [U64] -> Log String length
 [STR]    -> Log String
 ## Log Level Table
 0 -> Error
 1 -> Warn
 2 -> Info
 3 -> Debug
 4 -> Trace
--- a/sysdata/spec/Memory
+++ b/sysdata/spec/Memory
@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
 # Memory service spec
 The memory service uses the first byte in the message to identify the request type.
 ## Allocate (12 bytes)
 [U8]     -> 0
 [U8]     -> Page count
 <!-- Currently this does not allocate here, check r2 for a ptr to alloc to -->
 [U64] -> ptr to alloc at
 ## Deallocate (12 bytes)
 <!-- Currently this does not deallocate -->
 [U8]     -> 1
 [U8]     -> Page count
 [U64]    -> ptr to dealloc from
 ## Map Device Into Memory
 Typically only used for simple drivers such as vga.
 <!-- Unimp -->
 [U8]      -> 2
 [U8]      -> Page count
 [U64]  -> HostID
 [U64] -> DeviceID
 ## Unmap Device From Memory
 <!-- Unimp -->
 [U8]      -> 3
 [U8]      -> Page count
 [U64]  -> HostID
 [U64] -> DeviceID
 ## Set Memory Quota
 <!-- unimp -->
 [U8]      -> 4
 [U64]   -> HostID
 [U64] -> ProcessID
 [U8]     -> Refer to the Memory Quota Table
 [U64] -> Memory quota. In pages of memory. Multiply by 4096 to get the total byte count.
 ### Memory Quota Table
 0 -> No quota.
 1 -> Soft quota. Notifies the process supervisor.
 2 -> Hard quota. Refuses to allocate above the quota.
 3 -> Kill quota. Kill the process and notify the supervisor when the process tries to allocate above the quota.
 ## Set Buffer Quota
 <!-- unimp -->
 [U8]      -> 4
 [U64]   -> HostID
 [U64] -> BufferID
 [U8]     -> Refer to the Buffer Quota Table
 [U64] -> Buffer quota. In pages of memory. Multiply by 4096 to get the total byte count.
 ### Buffer Quota Table
 <!-- Because of the abusability of buffers there is no Kill Quota -->
 0 -> No quota
 1 -> Soft quota. Notify supervisor of quota violation Buffer Message
 2 -> Hard quota. Return an error message to the process that sent the message.
--- a/sysdata/system_config.toml
+++ b/sysdata/system_config.toml
@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
 [boot]
 [boot.limine]
 default_entry = 1
 timeout = 0
 verbose = false
 interface_resolution = "1024x768x24"
 # Terminal related settings
 term_wallpaper = "boot:///background.bmp"
 term_background = "008080"
 [boot.limine.ableos]
 comment = "Default AbleOS boot entry."
 protocol = "limine"
 kernel_path = "boot:///kernel_${ARCH}"
 kernel_cmdline = ""
 resolution = "1024x768x24"
 [boot.limine.ableos.modules]
 [boot.limine.ableos.modules.tests]
 path = "boot:///tests.hbf"
 # [boot.limine.ableos.modules.diskio_driver]
 # path = "boot:///diskio_driver.hbf"
 [boot.limine.ableos.modules.fb_driver]
 path = "boot:///fb_driver.hbf"
--- a/sysdata/testing.idl
+++ b/sysdata/testing.idl
@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
 type String { 
    length uint32,
    data [u8; length],
 }
 // needs three bits to store this
@exhaustive
 enum LogLevel {
    Error = 0,
    Warn = 1,
    Info = 2,
    Debug = 3,
    Trace = 4,
 }
 type LogMessage {
    log_level = LogLevel,
    log_message = String,
 }
 // This is displayed as bits sent over the wire 
 [
    010 // INFO 
    00000000_00000000_00000000_00000011 // Length of the string
    01001000 // H
    01101001 // i
    00100001 // !
 ]
 // This is displayed as bytes in memory 
 [
    0x3 // INFO 
    0xD // Length of the string
    0x48
    0x69
    0x21
 ]
 enum LogResult {
    Ok,
    Error,
 }
@exhaustive
 protocol Logger {
    fn log(LogMessage) -> LogResult;
    fn error(String) -> LogResult;
    fn warn(String) -> LogResult;
    fn info(String) -> LogResult;
    fn debug(String) -> LogResult;
    fn trace(String) -> LogResult;
    fn flush() -> LogResult;
 }
 TODO argue about time being added after the fact in the logger or inplace by the loggee 
--- a/sysdata/ui_lisp/doc_example.ul
+++ b/sysdata/ui_lisp/doc_example.ul
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
 /// a b c
 void main(){}
 // Generated documentation below
--- a/sysdata/ui_lisp/documentation.ul
+++ b/sysdata/ui_lisp/documentation.ul
@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
 (label "Documentation")
 (label "")
--- a/sysdata/ui_lisp/ui_lisp.ul
+++ b/sysdata/ui_lisp/ui_lisp.ul
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
 (vertical
  (horizontal
    (label "Function main")
    (button "goto declaration" (on_click "src/main.c:2")))
  (label "takes void")
  (label "returns void")
  (label "a b c"))
--- a/sysdata/ui_lisp/windowing_system_ui_lang.md
+++ b/sysdata/ui_lisp/windowing_system_ui_lang.md
@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
 - container
    - horizontal 
    - vertical
 - framebuffer
 -
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Erin	23b02b7284	somehow syscalls	2023-03-30 23:06:59 +02:00
Erin	e3ab94be87	fixed thing	2023-03-30 21:36:11 +02:00
Erin	cef19a8fe4	Formatting, LF and RISC-V kmain	2023-03-19 13:40:08 +01:00
Erin	e3ce700295	Merged-in RISC-V memory support.	2023-03-19 13:30:04 +01:00
Erin	70601eb0c5	LLVM tools got a shiny new name	2023-03-16 00:16:23 +01:00
Erin	f8630f6471	updated limine-rs	2023-01-20 00:45:19 +01:00
Erin	ea7bbacc56	Changed console resolution	2023-01-19 23:30:45 +01:00
Erin	eb93deae25	added suggestion when limine is not present	2023-01-15 01:04:14 +01:00
Erin	84d6cc49a1	limine update	2023-01-15 01:01:16 +01:00
Erin	fed31617a8	removed useless news	2023-01-15 01:00:43 +01:00
Erin	ebd3fe2248	added option to override firmware path	2023-01-09 15:27:10 +01:00
Erin	72c4aabbcc	unified naming	2023-01-08 00:48:59 +01:00
Erin	6d2a9c74d4	CRLF before kernel panic msg	2023-01-08 00:45:47 +01:00
Erin	816204cd5b	Console logging	2023-01-08 00:44:13 +01:00
Erin	b5f75a13f4	added wallpaper for bootloader	2023-01-07 23:44:50 +01:00
Erin	c241d839f2	[REPBUILD] fail to run when kernel fails building	2023-01-07 22:32:40 +01:00
Erin	7ac54e5ec8	fixed typo	2023-01-07 22:19:17 +01:00
Erin	d3d52c974a	clippy and reformat	2023-01-07 22:18:47 +01:00
Erin	7d21956b0a	Repbuild now can build kernel on non-POSIX systems and run on non-Linux systems.	2023-01-07 22:11:21 +01:00
Erin	b802732acf	Rewrote RepBuild	2023-01-07 01:57:20 +01:00
Erin	8d640b6a9b	Removed unused code	2022-12-23 23:11:57 +01:00
Erin	e33014d000	moved qrcode gen outside the repo	2022-12-23 23:11:39 +01:00
Erin	ec5b21292e	changed log stuff and removed unnecessary transmute	2022-12-23 22:58:29 +01:00
Erin	eae5979921	but `558fc6da59` breaks systems witzh automount! now both should work.	2022-12-23 22:55:38 +01:00
Erin	3414b40da8	Merge pull request 'update limine, fix repbuild on some linux distros, new heap allocator' (#1 ) from asya/ableos:usermode into usermode Reviewed-on: https://git.ablecorp.us:443/AbleOS/ableos/pulls/1	2022-12-23 21:51:14 +00:00
Asya	80fd1aaa41	New heap allocator!	2022-12-22 19:22:11 +03:00
Asya	78a5422924	Update limine to v4.x	2022-12-17 10:30:34 +03:00
Asya	558fc6da59	Stop assuming that udisks2 automatically mounted filesystem	2022-12-17 10:24:34 +03:00
Erin	e796a05ddf	Moved ext2-rs to separate repo	2022-12-10 23:05:48 +01:00
Erin	4c28bfd4d2	uh oh fixed a compilation error	2022-12-09 00:52:28 +01:00
Erin	0249353a6b	Added kernel cmdline support and retrieval of initrd	2022-12-08 22:21:21 +01:00
Erin	b68984dc7f	moved stuff around	2022-12-08 21:31:54 +01:00
Erin	58046c3c7b	they don't seem to be used? removing.	2022-12-08 21:25:49 +01:00
Erin	e85e5f2ed8	created empty initramfs	2022-12-08 21:12:33 +01:00
Erin	51b084a176	Cleanup	2022-12-08 20:52:20 +01:00
Erin	11b492d6ce	fixed segments, timer doesn't double-fault anymore	2022-12-08 20:35:42 +01:00
Erin	cc714be94e	Moved away from PIC to APIC.	2022-12-08 20:15:10 +01:00
Erin	118c3bb3f0	removed few package from the workspace manifest	2022-12-08 15:54:11 +01:00
Erin	a9aa31f087	Added GDT, IDT, sloop and some logging	2022-12-08 01:26:43 +01:00
Erin	b3954e3533	Logging	2022-12-08 00:07:02 +01:00
Erin	8fbf7b5a5a	Added basic logging support	2022-12-07 01:43:26 +01:00
Erin	7652bbf402	made kernel the system entrypoint.	2022-12-07 01:10:38 +01:00
Erin	eae4891071	Skeleton for architecture-specific things	2022-12-06 23:04:28 +01:00
Erin	fa82e49dc3	Threw stuff from the microkernel. Start of moving core parts there.	2022-12-06 23:04:26 +01:00
Erin	87fdb2e0bf	clippy	2022-12-06 23:04:11 +01:00
Erin	aaf840c5b4	removed module that I forgot to remove + 1.65 stuff	2022-12-06 23:04:09 +01:00
Erin	9c2b8573d9	removed sus messaging module	2022-12-06 23:04:04 +01:00
Erin	b2cf3621b5	»fixed« scratchpad	2022-12-06 22:39:52 +01:00
Able	82a48f5c98	remove path	2022-12-06 13:24:04 -06:00
Erin	403e410797	repbuild r uses udisks	2022-12-03 17:47:10 +01:00
Able	78a52f7102	Consolidating limine graphics	2022-12-02 08:51:21 -06:00
Able	d94e50be39	forgor smp is broked	2022-11-30 01:14:34 -06:00
Able	e8712d7c39	framebuffer + smp work	2022-11-24 07:20:16 -06:00
Able	65bb92e02b	Ready	2022-11-24 03:35:55 -06:00
Erin	2114b9a346	UNIX fans hate him, he replaced process spawns with IPC! Doesn't require root permissions now. TODO: Please replicate BuildImage changes to different places.	2022-11-24 00:22:58 +01:00
Able	a2d6d7245a	Revert "get ableOS running proper on limine sans graphics" This reverts commit `1e1d004240`.	2022-11-23 06:00:38 -06:00
Able	1e1d004240	get ableOS running proper on limine sans graphics	2022-11-23 05:06:38 -06:00
Able	6e20d33817	limine compiling booting and not panicking	2022-11-23 04:02:02 -06:00
TheOddGarlic	23c355762c	progress on porting to limine	2022-08-20 09:28:48 +03:00
TheOddGarlic	fe69e31b91	interrupts: page fault handler	2022-08-20 09:26:59 +03:00
TheOddGarlic	346d3a9166	repbuild: generate disk image with limine	2022-08-19 09:22:05 +03:00
TheOddGarlic	643db212ef	build: fix rust-toolchain configuration	2022-08-18 09:32:14 +03:00
`@ -1,2 +1,2 @@`
	`[alias]`	`[alias]`
	`repbuild = "run --manifest-path ./repbuild/Cargo.toml -r --"`	`repbuild = "run --manifest-path ./repbuild/Cargo.toml --"`
		`@ -1 +1 @@`
			`Subproject commit 2d3d7b2633b5d95ce404a177ada0d5cbee802721`				`Subproject commit 83779119f658c8ce337c33492266ecf8300db429`
		`@ -1,2 +0,0 @@`
			`# KVStore`
			`This is a small single process in memory key value store.`
		`@ -1,2 +0,0 @@`
			`# Serial Driver`
			`This program is a small serial driver for the emulated arm device in QEMU.`