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windows-nt/Source/XPSP1/NT/base/fs/utils/ifsutil/inc/untfs2.hxx

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/*++
Copyright (c) 1997-2000 Microsoft Corporation
Module Name:
untfs2.h
Abstract:
This module contains partial basic declarations and definitions for
the NTFS utilities. Note that more extensive description of the
file system structures may be found in ntos\inc\ntfs.h.
Author:
Daniel Chan [danielch] 29-Mar-1997
Revision History:
IMPORTANT NOTE:
The NTFS on-disk structure must guarantee natural alignment of all
arithmetic quantities on disk up to and including quad-word (64-bit)
numbers. Therefore, all attribute records are quad-word aligned, etc.
--*/
#if !defined( _UNTFS2_DEFN_ )
#define _UNTFS2_DEFN_
#include "bigint.hxx"
#include "bpb.hxx"
#include "wstring.hxx"
#include <pshpack4.h>
DEFINE_TYPE( BIG_INT, LCN );
DEFINE_TYPE( BIG_INT, VCN );
DEFINE_TYPE( LARGE_INTEGER, LSN );
// This definition is for VCNs that appear in Unions, since an object
// with a constructor (like a BIG_INT) can't appear in a union.
DEFINE_TYPE( LARGE_INTEGER, VCN2 );
// An MFT_SEGMENT_REFERENCE identifies a cluster in the Master
// File Table by its file number (VCN in Master File Table) and
// sequence number. If the sequence number is zero, sequence
// number checking is not performed.
typedef struct _MFT_SEGMENT_REFERENCE {
ULONG LowPart;
USHORT HighPart;
USHORT SequenceNumber;
} MFT_SEGMENT_REFERENCE, *PMFT_SEGMENT_REFERENCE;
DEFINE_TYPE( struct _MFT_SEGMENT_REFERENCE, MFT_SEGMENT_REFERENCE );
DEFINE_TYPE( MFT_SEGMENT_REFERENCE, FILE_REFERENCE );
// System file numbers:
//
// The first sixteen entries in the Master File Table are reserved for
// system use. The following reserved slots have been defined:
#define MASTER_FILE_TABLE_NUMBER (0)
#define MASTER_FILE_TABLE2_NUMBER (1)
#define LOG_FILE_NUMBER (2)
#define VOLUME_DASD_NUMBER (3)
#define ATTRIBUTE_DEF_TABLE_NUMBER (4)
#define ROOT_FILE_NAME_INDEX_NUMBER (5)
#define BIT_MAP_FILE_NUMBER (6)
#define BOOT_FILE_NUMBER (7)
#define BAD_CLUSTER_FILE_NUMBER (8)
#define QUOTA_TABLE_NUMBER (9) // for version < 2.0
#define SECURITY_TABLE_NUMBER (9) // for version >= 2.0
#define UPCASE_TABLE_NUMBER (10)
#define EXTEND_TABLE_NUMBER (11) // for version >= 2.0
#define MFT_OVERFLOW_FRS_NUMBER (15)
#define FIRST_USER_FILE_NUMBER (16)
DEFINE_TYPE( ULONG, ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_CODE );
//
// System-defined Attribute Type Codes. For the System-defined attributes,
// the Unicode Name is exactly equal to the name of the following symbols.
// For this reason, all of the system-defined attribute names start with "$",
// to always distinguish them when attribute names are listed, and to reserve
// a namespace for attributes defined in the future. I.e., a User-Defined
// attribute name will never collide with a current or future system-defined
// attribute name if it does not start with "$". User attribute numbers
// should not start until $FIRST_USER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE, too allow the
// potential for upgrading existing volumes with new user-defined attributes
// in future versions of NTFS. The tagged attribute list is terminated with
// a lone-standing $END - the rest of the attribute record does not exist.
//
#define $UNUSED (0x0)
#define $STANDARD_INFORMATION (0x10)
#define $ATTRIBUTE_LIST (0x20)
#define $FILE_NAME (0x30)
#define $VOLUME_VERSION (0x40)
#define $OBJECT_ID (0x40) // starting in NT 5.0
#define $SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR (0x50)
#define $VOLUME_NAME (0x60)
#define $VOLUME_INFORMATION (0x70)
#define $DATA (0x80)
#define $INDEX_ROOT (0x90)
#define $INDEX_ALLOCATION (0xA0)
#define $BITMAP (0xB0)
#define $SYMBOLIC_LINK (0xC0)
#define $REPARSE_POINT (0xC0) // starting in NT 5.0
#define $EA_INFORMATION (0xD0)
#define $EA_DATA (0xE0)
#define $FIRST_USER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_1 (0x100) // true up to NT 4.0
#define $PROPERTY_SET (0xF0) // starting in NT 5.0
#define $LOGGED_UTILITY_STREAM (0x100) // starting in NT 5.0
#define $FIRST_USER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_2 (0x1000) // starting in NT 5.0
#define $END (0xFFFFFFFF)
//
// The boot sector is duplicated on the partition. The first copy is on
// the first physical sector (LBN == 0) of the partition, and the second
// copy is at <number sectors on partition> / 2. If the first copy can
// not be read when trying to mount the disk, the second copy may be read
// and has the identical contents. Format must figure out which cluster
// the second boot record belongs in, and it must zero all of the other
// sectors that happen to be in the same cluster. The boot file minimally
// contains with two clusters, which are the two clusters which contain the
// copies of the boot record. If format knows that some system likes to
// put code somewhere, then it should also align this requirement to
// even clusters, and add that to the boot file as well.
//
//
// Define the boot sector. Note that MFT2 is exactly three file record
// segments long, and it mirrors the first three file record segments from
// the MFT, which are MFT, MFT2 and the Log File.
//
// The Oem field contains the ASCII characters "NTFS ".
//
// The Checksum field is a simple additive checksum of all of the ULONGs
// which precede the Checksum ULONG. The rest of the sector is not included
// in this Checksum.
//
typedef struct _PACKED_BOOT_SECTOR {
UCHAR Jump[3]; // offset = 0x000
UCHAR Oem[8]; // offset = 0x003
OLD_PACKED_BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK PackedBpb; // offset = 0x00B
UCHAR PhysicalDrive; // offset = 0x024
UCHAR ReservedForBootCode; // offset = 0x025
UCHAR Unused[2]; // offset = 0x026
LARGE_INTEGER NumberSectors; // offset = 0x028
LCN MftStartLcn; // offset = 0x030
LCN Mft2StartLcn; // offset = 0x038
CHAR ClustersPerFileRecordSegment; // offset = 0x040
UCHAR Unused1[3]; // offset = 0x041
CHAR DefaultClustersPerIndexAllocationBuffer; // offset = 0x044
UCHAR Unused2[3]; // offset = 0x047
LARGE_INTEGER SerialNumber; // offset = 0x048
ULONG Checksum; // offset = 0x050
UCHAR BootStrap[0x200-0x054]; // offset = 0x054
} PACKED_BOOT_SECTOR; // sizeof = 0x200
typedef PACKED_BOOT_SECTOR *PPACKED_BOOT_SECTOR;
// Update sequence array structures--see ntos\inc\cache.h for
// description.
#define SEQUENCE_NUMBER_STRIDE (512)
DEFINE_TYPE( USHORT, UPDATE_SEQUENCE_NUMBER );
typedef struct _UNTFS_MULTI_SECTOR_HEADER {
UCHAR Signature[4];
USHORT UpdateSequenceArrayOffset; // byte offset
USHORT UpdateSequenceArraySize; // number of Update Sequence Numbers
};
DEFINE_TYPE( _UNTFS_MULTI_SECTOR_HEADER, UNTFS_MULTI_SECTOR_HEADER );
typedef UPDATE_SEQUENCE_NUMBER UPDATE_SEQUENCE_ARRAY[1];
typedef UPDATE_SEQUENCE_ARRAY *PUPDATE_SEQUENCE_ARRAY;
//
// File Record Segment. This is the header that begins every File Record
// Segment in the Master File Table.
//
typedef struct _FILE_RECORD_SEGMENT_HEADER {
UNTFS_MULTI_SECTOR_HEADER MultiSectorHeader;
LSN Lsn;
USHORT SequenceNumber;
USHORT ReferenceCount;
USHORT FirstAttributeOffset;
USHORT Flags; // FILE_xxx flags
ULONG FirstFreeByte; // byte-offset
ULONG BytesAvailable; // Size of FRS
FILE_REFERENCE BaseFileRecordSegment;
USHORT NextAttributeInstance; // Attribute instance tag for next insert.
USHORT SegmentNumberHighPart; // used in mft recovery
ULONG SegmentNumberLowPart; // used in mft recovery
UPDATE_SEQUENCE_ARRAY UpdateArrayForCreateOnly;
};
typedef struct _FILE_RECORD_SEGMENT_HEADER_V0 {
UNTFS_MULTI_SECTOR_HEADER MultiSectorHeader;
LSN Lsn;
USHORT SequenceNumber;
USHORT ReferenceCount;
USHORT FirstAttributeOffset;
USHORT Flags; // FILE_xxx flags
ULONG FirstFreeByte; // byte-offset
ULONG BytesAvailable; // Size of FRS
FILE_REFERENCE BaseFileRecordSegment;
USHORT NextAttributeInstance; // Attribute instance tag for next insert.
UPDATE_SEQUENCE_ARRAY UpdateArrayForCreateOnly;
};
DEFINE_TYPE( _FILE_RECORD_SEGMENT_HEADER, FILE_RECORD_SEGMENT_HEADER );
DEFINE_TYPE( _FILE_RECORD_SEGMENT_HEADER_V0, FILE_RECORD_SEGMENT_HEADER_V0 );
//
// FILE_xxx flags.
//
#define FILE_RECORD_SEGMENT_IN_USE (0x0001)
#define FILE_FILE_NAME_INDEX_PRESENT (0x0002)
#define FILE_SYSTEM_FILE (0x0004)
#define FILE_VIEW_INDEX_PRESENT (0x0008)
//
// Attribute Record. Logically an attribute has a type, an optional name,
// and a value, however the storage details make it a little more complicated.
// For starters, an attribute's value may either be resident in the file
// record segment itself, on nonresident in a separate data stream. If it
// is nonresident, it may actually exist multiple times in multiple file
// record segments to describe different ranges of VCNs.
//
// Attribute Records are always aligned on a quad word (64-bit) boundary.
//
// Note that SIZE_OF_RESIDENT_HEADER and SIZE_OF_NONRESIDENT_HEADER
// must correspond to the ATTRIBUTE_RECORD_HEADER structure.
#define SIZE_OF_RESIDENT_HEADER 24
#define SIZE_OF_NONRESIDENT_HEADER 64
typedef struct _ATTRIBUTE_RECORD_HEADER {
ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_CODE TypeCode;
ULONG RecordLength;
UCHAR FormCode;
UCHAR NameLength; // length in characters
USHORT NameOffset; // byte offset from start of record
USHORT Flags; // ATTRIBUTE_xxx flags.
USHORT Instance; // FRS-unique attribute instance tag
union {
//
// Resident Form. Attribute resides in file record segment.
//
struct {
ULONG ValueLength; // in bytes
USHORT ValueOffset; // byte offset from start of record
UCHAR ResidentFlags; // RESIDENT_FORM_xxx Flags.
UCHAR Reserved;
} Resident;
//
// Nonresident Form. Attribute resides in separate stream.
//
struct {
VCN2 LowestVcn;
VCN2 HighestVcn;
USHORT MappingPairsOffset; // byte offset from start of record
UCHAR CompressionUnit;
UCHAR Reserved[5];
LARGE_INTEGER AllocatedLength;
LARGE_INTEGER FileSize;
LARGE_INTEGER ValidDataLength;
LARGE_INTEGER TotalAllocated;
//
// Mapping Pairs Array follows, starting at the offset given
// above. See the extended comment in ntfs.h.
//
} Nonresident;
} Form;
};
DEFINE_TYPE( _ATTRIBUTE_RECORD_HEADER, ATTRIBUTE_RECORD_HEADER );
//
// Attribute Form Codes
//
#define RESIDENT_FORM (0x00)
#define NONRESIDENT_FORM (0x01)
//
// Define Attribute Flags
//
#define ATTRIBUTE_FLAG_COMPRESSION_MASK (0x00FF)
#define ATTRIBUTE_FLAG_SPARSE (0x8000)
#define ATTRIBUTE_FLAG_ENCRYPTED (0x4000)
//
// RESIDENT_FORM_xxx flags
//
//
// This attribute is indexed.
//
#define RESIDENT_FORM_INDEXED (0x01)
//
// The maximum attribute name length is 255 (in chars)
//
#define NTFS_MAX_ATTR_NAME_LEN (255)
//
// Volume Information attribute. This attribute is only intended to be
// used on the Volume DASD file.
//
typedef struct _VOLUME_INFORMATION {
LARGE_INTEGER Reserved;
//
// Major and minor version number of NTFS on this volume, starting
// with 1.0. The major and minor version numbers are set from the
// major and minor version of the Format and NTFS implementation for
// which they are initialized. The policy for incementing major and
// minor versions will always be decided on a case by case basis, however,
// the following two paragraphs attempt to suggest an approximate strategy.
//
// The major version number is incremented if/when a volume format
// change is made which requires major structure changes (hopefully
// never?). If an implementation of NTFS sees a volume with a higher
// major version number, it should refuse to mount the volume. If a
// newer implementation of NTFS sees an older major version number,
// it knows the volume cannot be accessed without performing a one-time
// conversion.
//
// The minor version number is incremented if/when minor enhancements
// are made to a major version, which potentially support enhanced
// functionality through additional file or attribute record fields,
// or new system-defined files or attributes. If an older implementation
// of NTFS sees a newer minor version number on a volume, it may issue
// some kind of warning, but it will proceed to access the volume - with
// presumably some degradation in functionality compared to the version
// of NTFS which initialized the volume. If a newer implementation of
// NTFS sees a volume with an older minor version number, it may issue
// a warning and proceed. In this case, it may choose to increment the
// minor version number on the volume and begin full or incremental
// upgrade of the volume on an as-needed basis. It may also leave the
// minor version number unchanged, until some sort of explicit directive
// from the user specifies that the minor version should be updated.
//
UCHAR MajorVersion;
UCHAR MinorVersion;
//
// VOLUME_xxx flags.
//
USHORT VolumeFlags;
} VOLUME_INFORMATION;
typedef VOLUME_INFORMATION *PVOLUME_INFORMATION;
// Current version number:
//
#define NTFS_CURRENT_MAJOR_VERSION 1
#define NTFS_CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION 2
//
// Volume is dirty
//
#define VOLUME_DIRTY (0x0001)
#define VOLUME_RESIZE_LOG_FILE (0x0002)
#define VOLUME_UPGRADE_ON_MOUNT (0x0004)
#define VOLUME_MOUNTED_ON_40 (0x0008)
#define VOLUME_DELETE_USN_UNDERWAY (0x0010)
#define VOLUME_REPAIR_OBJECT_ID (0x0020)
#define VOLUME_CHKDSK_RAN_ONCE (0x4000)
#define VOLUME_CHKDSK_RAN (0x8000)
#include <poppack.h>
// Macros:
#define QuadAlign( n ) \
(((n) + 7) & ~7 )
#define DwordAlign( n ) \
(((n) + 3) & ~3 )
#define IsQuadAligned( n ) \
(((n) & 7) == 0)
#define IsDwordAligned( n ) \
(((n) & 3) == 0)
#endif // _UNTFS2_DEFN_
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