392 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
392 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
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New Executable Format
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DOS 2.0 Windows will define a new executable format for .EXE files
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that is a superset of the current DOS 2.0 .EXE format. The purpose
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of this new format is to provide the additional information needed
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to support the new dynamic linking and segmentation facilities provided
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by DOS 2.0 Windows and DOS 4.0. In order for Windows and DOS 4.0
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to recognize the new executable format, the existing .EXE format
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will be used with a slight modification:
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- the word at offset 18h in the existing .EXE file contains the
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relative byte offset to the relocation table. If this offset
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is 40h, then that identifies this as a new format .EXE file and
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The word at offset 24h is the relative byte offset from the
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beginning of the file to the beginning of the new format
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executable header. The remainder of the old format header will
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describe a small program that will either print an error message
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or bring in a loader that can handle the job. See the picture
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below for the actual file layout.
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- this format will only be used for .EXE files that use the new
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memory model supported by DOS 2.0 Windows and DOS 4.0. Old .EXE
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files will continue with the DOS 2.0 file format, as modified
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by the DOS 4.0 group. In that format, the DOS 4.0 behavior bits
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(2 bytes) are stored at offset 20h.
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The format of the new .EXE file format looks like:
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00h -------------------
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| Old EXE Header |
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-------------------
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20h | DOS 4.0 bbits |
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22h | unused bbits |
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3eh | offset to new | ----
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| EXE header | |
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40h ------------------- |
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| DOS 2.0 Stub | |
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| Program & | |
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| Reloc. Table | |
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xxh ------------------- <---
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| New EXE Header |\
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| | \
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------------------- \
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| Segment Table | |
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------------------- |
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| Resource | | DOS4 and Windows keep this
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| Table | |-----------part as part of their
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------------------- | MODULE table, currently
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| Resident | |
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| Name | |
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| Table | |
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------------------- /
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| Module Ref | /
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| Table |/
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-------------------
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| Imported |
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| Names |
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| Table |
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-------------------
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* | Entry |
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* | Table |
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-------------------
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| Non-Resident |
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| Name |
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| Table |
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-------------------
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| Seg #1 Data |
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| Seg #1 Info |
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-------------------
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.
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.
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.
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-------------------
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| Seg #n Data |
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| Seg #n Info |
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-------------------
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20h - DW DOS 4.0 behavior bits
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* 22h - 3ch - reserved for more behavior info
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* 3eh - DW offset to new executable header
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Program that DOS 2.0 header points to, that will either print out an
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error message or load in a new-EXE loader.
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xxh - Beginning of new executable header
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DW signature word - can never be too careful
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"N" is low order byte
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"E" is high order byte
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DB version# of LINK that produced this executable
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DB revision# of LINK that produced this executable
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DW Entry Table file offset relative to beginning of new EXE header
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DW #bytes in Entry Table
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DD CRC-32 of entire contents of file (with these words taken
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as 00 during the calculation)
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DW flag word
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0000h = NOAUTODATA
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0001h = SINGLEDATA (SOLO)
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0002h = MULTIPLEDATA (INSTANCE)
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0004h = runs in real mode
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0008h = runs in protected mode (if 0Ch set, runs in either)
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4000h = non-conforming program (a valid stack is not maintained)
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8000h = Library module (SS:SP info is invalid, CS:IP points
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to initialization procedure that is called with AX
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= the module handle. The procedure must execute a
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far return to the caller, with AX != 0 to indicate
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success and AX = 0 to indicate failure to
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initialize. DS = the library's data segment if the
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SINGLEDATA flag is set and the caller's DS
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otherwise.
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A program can only contain dynamic links to
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executables that have this flag set. If this flag
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is set, the MULTIPLEDATA flag must be reset. The
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SINGLEDATA flag may be set or reset.
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DW segment# of automatic data segment (index into segment table)
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set to zero if SINGLEDATA and MULTIPLEDATA flag bits are reset
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DW initial size (bytes) of dynamic heap added to data segment
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(0 if no local alloc)
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DW initial size (bytes) of stack added to data segment
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(0 if SS!=DS)
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DD segment#:offset of CS:IP
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DD segment#:offset of SS:SP
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Segment# is an index into the module's segment table.
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The first entry in the segment table is segment number 1.
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If SS = automatic data segment and SP = 0,
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the stack pointer is set to the top of the automatic
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data segment just below the additional heap area.
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+-------------------------+
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| additional dynamic heap |
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+-------------------------+ <- SP
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| additional stack |
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+-------------------------+
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| loaded data segment |
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+-------------------------+ <- DS, SS
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DW #of entries in Segment Table
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DW #of entries in Module Ref Table
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DW #bytes in Non-Resident Name Table
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DW Segment Table file offset relative to beginning of new EXE header
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DW Resource Table file offset relative to beginning of new EXE header
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DW Resident Name Table file offset relative to beginning of new EXE header
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DW Module Ref Table file offset relative to beginning of new EXE header
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DW Imported Names Table file offset relative to beginning of new EXE header
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DD Non-Resident Name Table offset relative to beginning of file
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* DW #moveable entry points
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* DW alignment shift count for segment data. Value of zero means
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* use the default value of 9 for 512 byte alignment.
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* DB 12 DUP (?) - room for growth here
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Segment Table
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=============
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"N" segment table entries:
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The first entry in the segment table is segment number 1.
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* DW logical sector offset to contents of the segment data
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* relative to beginning of file (zero means no file data)
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* The alignment field in the header determines the units
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* of this offset.
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DW length of segment in file (bytes) (zero means 64k bytes)
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DW flag word
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TYPE_MASK = 0007h ; segment type field
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CODE = 0000h ; code segment type
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DATA = 0001h ; data segment type
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ITERATED = 0008h ; segment data is iterated
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MOVABLE = 0010h ; segment is not fixed
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PURE = 0020h ; segment can be shared
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PRELOAD = 0040h ; segment is not demand loaded
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ERONLY = 0080h ; execute only if code segment
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; read only if data segment
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RELOCINFO = 0100h ; set if segment has reloc records
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DEBUGINFO = 0200h ; set if segment has debug info
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SEGDPL = 0C00h ; reserved for 286 DPL bits
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DISCARDABLE = F000h ; static discard priority level
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DW minimum allocation size (bytes)
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Total size of the segment (0 means 65536)
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Resource Table
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==============
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DW alignment shift count for resource data
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"N" iterations of record:
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| DW type ID - integer type if high order bit is set (8000h)
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| otherwise offset to type string, relative to
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| beginning of the resource table
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| = 0 marks end of resource records
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| DW #resources for this type
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| DD reserved for runtime use
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| | "#resources" copies of Resource Entry (8 bytes)
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| | DW file offset to contents of the resource data relative
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| | to beginning of file. Offset is in terms of alignment
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| | units specified at beginning of resource table.
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| | DW length of resource in file (bytes)
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| | DW flag word
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| | MOVEABLE = 0010h ; resource is not fixed
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| | PURE = 0020h ; resource can be shared
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| | PRELOAD = 0040h ; resource is not demand loaded
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| | DW resource ID - integer type if high order bit is set (8000h)
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| | otherwise offset to resource string, relative to beginning
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| | of the resource table
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\ \
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Resource type and name strings stored at end of resource table
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Note that these strings are NOT null terminated
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DB length of type or name ; = 0 if end of resource table
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DB ASCII text of type or name ; Case sensitive
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Module Reference Table
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======================
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"N" entries of the form: (1-based)
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DW offset within Imported Names Table to module name string
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Entry Table (1 based)
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===========
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"N" bundles of entry definitions. The ordinal value of an entry
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| point is its ordinal within the entry table, counting the
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| first entry as ordinal #1. The loader must scan over the
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| bundles until it finds the bundle containing the entry point;
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| the loader can then multiply by entry size to index the
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| proper entry.
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| The linker forms bundles in the densest manner it can, given
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| the restriction that it cannot reorder entry points to improve
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| bundling because other EXE files may refer to entry points within
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| this one by their ordinal in this table.
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| DB #entries in this bundle. All records in one bundle are
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| either movabe or refer to the same fixed segment.
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| =0 if no more bundles in Entry Table
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| DB segment indicator for this bundle
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| | 000 - Unused
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| | 0FF - Movable segment, # is in entry
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| | otherwise is segment # of fixed segment
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| | If fixed segment, entries are 3 bytes:
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| | DB flags
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| | 0000 0001 - set if entry is exported
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| | 0000 0010 - set if entry uses global (shared) data segment
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| | "mov ax,#ds-value" must be the 1st
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| | instruction in the prolog of this
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| | entry. This flag may only be set
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| | for SINGLEDATA library modules.
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| | nnnn n--- - # of parameter words
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| | DW offset
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| | Else movable segment, entries are 6 bytes:
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| | DB flags
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| | 0000 0001 - set if entry is exported
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| | 0000 0010 - set if segment uses global (shared) data segment
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| | nnnn n--- - # of parameter words
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| | int 3Fh
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| | DB segment#
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\ \ DW offset
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Resident or Non-resident Name Table Entry (3 + n bytes)
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=========================================
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The strings are CASE SENSITIVE and NOT NULL TERMINATED. If the
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* .EXE was produced with the /IGNORECASE switch, then all strings
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* will be UPPERCASE
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DB Length of string ; =0 if no more strings in table
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DB ASCII text of string
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DW ordinal# (index into entry table)
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First string in resident name table is the module name.
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First string in non-resident name table is the module description.
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Imported Names Table Entry (1 + n bytes)
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==========================
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The strings are CASE SENSITIVE and NOT NULL TERMINATED. If the
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* .EXE was produced with the /IGNORECASE switch, then all strings
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* will be UPPERCASE
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DB Length of name ; =0 if no more strings in Table
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DB ASCII text of name
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Per segment data:
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================
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If ITERATED
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DW #iterations
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DW #bytes of data
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DB data bytes
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else
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DB data bytes
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If RELOCINFO
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DW #relocation items
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| Relocation Item: (8 bytes)
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| DB source type (32 bit address, 16 bit segment, 16 bit offset)
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| NRSTYP = 07h ; source type mask
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| NRSBYTE = 00h
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| NRSSEG = 02h ; 16-bit segment
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| NRSPTR = 03h ; 32-bit pointer
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| NRSOFF = 05h ; 16-bit offset
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| DB flags
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| TARGET_MASK = 03h
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| INTERNALREF = 00h
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| IMPORTORDINAL = 01h
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| IMPORTNAME = 02h
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| ADDITIVE = 04h
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| DW offset within this segment of source chain
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| If ADDITIVE flag set, then add target value to source contents,
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| instead of replacing source and following the chain.
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| The source chain is a 0xFFFF terminated linked list within
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| this segment of all references to the target.
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| Target
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| INTERNALREF
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| DB segment# for fixed segment or FF if movable
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| DB 0
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| DW if moveable segment
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* | ordinal# (index into entry table of this module)
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| if fixed segment
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| offset into segment if fixed
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| IMPORTNAME
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| DW index into module ref table
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| DW offset within Imported Names Table to proc. name string
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| IMPORTORDINAL
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| DW index into module ref table
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| DW procedure ordinal#
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| OSFIXUP
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| DW Operating system fixup type
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| floating-point fixups
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| 0001h = FIARQQ, FJARQQ
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| 0002h = FISRQQ, FJSRQQ
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| 0003h = FICRQQ, FJCRQQ
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| 0004h = FIERQQ
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| 0005h = FIDRQQ
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| 0006h = FIWRQQ
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| applied by adding the fixup to the coprocessor instr.
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| for 1-3, apply the first fixup at the offset, and
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| the second fixup at the offset+1. for 4-6, just add
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| the fixup at the offset.
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| NOTE: the linker marks these relocations as NRSOFF, but
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| they must be applied differently. in ldreloc.asm, we
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| use a flag to discern this case.
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\ DW 0
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If DEBUGINFO
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DW # of bytes of debug info
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<debug info - not yet defined>
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NOTE: this document does not totally agree with version 1.7, dated 5/05/87.
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