diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index c73e0df5..975a9228 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@
 /hbbytecode/src/instrs.rs
 /.rgignore
 rustc-ice-*
+db.sqlite
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index a76447b0..f184c542 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 [workspace]
 resolver = "2"
-members = ["hbbytecode", "hbvm", "hbxrt", "xtask", "hblang", "hbjit", "depell"]
+members = [
+	"hbbytecode",
+	"hbvm",
+	"hbxrt",
+	"xtask",
+	"hblang",
+	"hbjit",
+	"depell",
+	"depell/wasm-hbfmt"
+]
 
 [profile.release]
 lto = true
diff --git a/depell/src/index.css b/depell/src/index.css
index 685023f2..e787b96b 100644
--- a/depell/src/index.css
+++ b/depell/src/index.css
@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
 * {
-	font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
+	font-family: var(--font);
 }
 
 body {
 	--primary: white;
 	--secondary: #EFEFEF;
+	--timestamp: #777777;
 	--error: #ff3333;
 	--placeholder: #333333;
 }
 
 body {
 	--small-gap: 5px;
+	--font: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
 	--monospace: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;
 
 	nav {
@@ -30,6 +32,15 @@ body {
 }
 
 div.preview {
+	div.info {
+		display: flex;
+		gap: var(--small-gap);
+
+		span[apply=timestamp] {
+			color: var(--timestamp);
+		}
+	}
+
 	div.stats {
 		display: flex;
 		gap: var(--small-gap);
@@ -62,6 +73,7 @@ textarea {
 	margin: var(--small-gap) 0px;
 	font-family: var(--monospace);
 	resize: none;
+	tab-size: 4;
 }
 
 input {
diff --git a/depell/src/index.js b/depell/src/index.js
index 81d380d1..2ac665a9 100644
--- a/depell/src/index.js
+++ b/depell/src/index.js
@@ -1,18 +1,72 @@
-//// @ts-check
+/// @ts-check
 
-if (window.location.hostname === 'localhost') {
-	let id; setInterval(async () => {
-		let new_id = await fetch('/hot-reload').then(reps => reps.text());
-		id ??= new_id;
-		if (id !== new_id) window.location.reload();
-	}, 300);
+/** @return {never} */
+function never() { throw new Error() }
+
+/**@type{WebAssembly.Instance}*/ let instance;
+/**@type{Promise<WebAssembly.WebAssemblyInstantiatedSource>}*/ let instaceFuture;
+/** @param {string} code @param {"fmt" | "minify"} action
+ * @returns {Promise<string | undefined> | string | undefined} */
+function modifyCode(code, action) {
+	if (!instance) {
+		instaceFuture ??= WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(fetch("/hbfmt.wasm"), {});
+		return (async () => {
+			instance = (await instaceFuture).instance;
+			return modifyCodeSync(instance, code, action);
+		})();
+	} else {
+		return modifyCodeSync(instance, code, action);
+	}
 }
 
-document.body.addEventListener('htmx:afterSwap', (ev) => {
-	wireUp(ev.target);
-});
+/** @param {WebAssembly.Instance} instance @param {string} code @param {"fmt" | "minify"} action @returns {string | undefined} */
+function modifyCodeSync(instance, code, action) {
+	let {
+		INPUT, INPUT_LEN,
+		OUTPUT, OUTPUT_LEN,
+		PANIC_MESSAGE, PANIC_MESSAGE_LEN,
+		memory, fmt, minify
+	} = instance.exports;
 
-wireUp(document.body);
+	if (!(true
+		&& INPUT instanceof WebAssembly.Global
+		&& INPUT_LEN instanceof WebAssembly.Global
+		&& OUTPUT instanceof WebAssembly.Global
+		&& OUTPUT_LEN instanceof WebAssembly.Global
+		&& memory instanceof WebAssembly.Memory
+		&& typeof fmt === "function"
+		&& typeof minify === "function"
+	)) never();
+
+	if (action !== "fmt") {
+		INPUT = OUTPUT;
+		INPUT_LEN = OUTPUT_LEN;
+	}
+
+	let dw = new DataView(memory.buffer);
+	dw.setUint32(INPUT_LEN.value, code.length, true);
+	new Uint8Array(memory.buffer, INPUT.value)
+		.set(new TextEncoder().encode(code));
+
+	try {
+		if (action === "fmt") fmt(); else minify();
+		let result = new TextDecoder()
+			.decode(new Uint8Array(memory.buffer, OUTPUT.value,
+				dw.getUint32(OUTPUT_LEN.value, true)));
+		return result;
+	} catch (e) {
+		if (PANIC_MESSAGE instanceof WebAssembly.Global
+			&& PANIC_MESSAGE_LEN instanceof WebAssembly.Global) {
+			let message = new TextDecoder()
+				.decode(new Uint8Array(memory.buffer, PANIC_MESSAGE.value,
+					dw.getUint32(PANIC_MESSAGE_LEN.value, true)));
+			console.error(message, e);
+		} else {
+			console.error(e);
+		}
+		return undefined;
+	}
+}
 
 /** @param {HTMLElement} target */
 function wireUp(target) {
@@ -21,24 +75,31 @@ function wireUp(target) {
 	bindTextareaAutoResize(target);
 }
 
-/** @param {string} content @return {string} */
-function fmtTimestamp(content) {
-	new Date(parseInt(content) * 1000).toLocaleString()
-}
+/** @type {{ [key: string]: (content: string) => Promise<string> | string }} */
+const applyFns = {
+	timestamp: (content) => new Date(parseInt(content) * 1000).toLocaleString(),
+	fmt: (content) => {
+		let res = modifyCode(content, "fmt");
+		return res instanceof Promise ? res.then(c => c ?? content) : res ?? content;
+	},
+};
 
 /** @param {HTMLElement} target */
 function execApply(target) {
-	/**@type {HTMLElement}*/ let elem;
-	for (elem of target.querySelectorAll('[apply]')) {
-		const funcname = elem.getAttribute('apply');
-		elem.textContent = window[funcname](elem.textContent);
+	for (const elem of target.querySelectorAll('[apply]')) {
+		if (!(elem instanceof HTMLElement)) continue;
+		const funcname = elem.getAttribute('apply') ?? never();
+		let res = applyFns[funcname](elem.textContent ?? "");
+		if (res instanceof Promise) res.then(c => elem.textContent = c);
+		else elem.textContent = res;
 	}
 }
 
 /** @param {HTMLElement} target */
 function bindTextareaAutoResize(target) {
-	/**@type {HTMLTextAreaElement}*/ let textarea;
-	for (textarea of target.querySelectorAll("textarea")) {
+	for (const textarea of target.querySelectorAll("textarea")) {
+		if (!(textarea instanceof HTMLTextAreaElement)) never();
+
 		textarea.style.height = textarea.scrollHeight + "px";
 		textarea.style.overflowY = "hidden";
 		textarea.addEventListener("input", function() {
@@ -84,12 +145,37 @@ function cacheInputs(target) {
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		/**@type {HTMLInputElement}*/ let input;
-		for (input of form.elements) {
-			if ('password submit button'.includes(input.type)) continue;
-			const key = path + input.name;
-			input.value = localStorage.getItem(key) ?? '';
-			input.addEventListener("input", (ev) => localStorage.setItem(key, ev.target.value));
+		for (const input of form.elements) {
+			if (input instanceof HTMLInputElement || input instanceof HTMLTextAreaElement) {
+				if ('password submit button'.includes(input.type)) continue;
+				const key = path + input.name;
+				input.value = localStorage.getItem(key) ?? '';
+				input.addEventListener("input", () => localStorage.setItem(key, input.value));
+			} else {
+				console.warn("unhandled form element: ", input);
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+if (window.location.hostname === 'localhost') {
+	let id; setInterval(async () => {
+		let new_id = await fetch('/hot-reload').then(reps => reps.text());
+		id ??= new_id;
+		if (id !== new_id) window.location.reload();
+	}, 300);
+
+	(async function testCodeChange() {
+		const code = "main:=fn():void{return}";
+		const fmtd = await modifyCode(code, "fmt") ?? never();
+		const prev = await modifyCode(fmtd, "minify") ?? never();
+		if (code != prev) console.error(code, prev);
+	})()
+}
+
+document.body.addEventListener('htmx:afterSwap', (ev) => {
+	if (!(ev.target instanceof HTMLElement)) never();
+	wireUp(ev.target);
+});
+
+wireUp(document.body);
diff --git a/depell/src/main.rs b/depell/src/main.rs
index 748e4e78..3bba97d8 100644
--- a/depell/src/main.rs
+++ b/depell/src/main.rs
@@ -28,6 +28,18 @@ async fn amain() {
 
     let router = axum::Router::new()
         .route("/", get(Index::page))
+        .route(
+            "/hbfmt.wasm",
+            get(|| async move {
+                axum::http::Response::builder()
+                    .header("content-type", "application/wasm")
+                    .body(axum::body::Body::from(
+                        include_bytes!("../../target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/small/wasm_hbfmt.wasm")
+                            .to_vec(),
+                    ))
+                    .unwrap()
+            }),
+        )
         .route("/index-view", get(Index::get))
         .route("/feed", get(Index::page))
         .route("/profile", get(Profile::page))
@@ -117,7 +129,7 @@ impl Page for Post {
                 <input name="author" type="text" value={session.name} hidden>
                 <input name="name" type="text" placeholder="name" value=name
                     required maxlength=MAX_POSTNAME_LENGTH>
-                <textarea name="code" placeholder="code" required form="postForm">code</textarea>
+                <textarea name="code" placeholder="code" rows=1 required>code</textarea>
                 <input type="submit" value="submit">
                 <input type="button" "hx-get"="/post-preview" "hx-swap"="outherHTML"
                     "hx-target"="postForm" value="preview">
@@ -158,18 +170,19 @@ impl fmt::Display for Post {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         let Self { author, name, timestamp, imports, runs, dependencies, code, .. } = self;
         write_html! { f <div class="preview">
-            <div>
-                <span>author</span>
-                "/"
-                <span>name</span>
-                <span apply="fmtTimestamp">timestamp</span>
+            <div class="info">
+                <span>author "/" name</span>
+                <span apply="timestamp">timestamp</span>
             </div>
             <div class="stats">
-                "imps: "<span>imports</span>
-                "runs: "<span>runs</span>
-                "deps: "<span>dependencies</span>
+                for (name, count) in "inps runs deps".split(' ')
+                    .zip([imports, runs, dependencies])
+                    .filter(|(_, &c)| c != 0)
+                {
+                    name ": "<span>count</span>
+                }
             </div>
-            <pre>code</pre>
+            <pre apply="fmt">code</pre>
             if *timestamp == 0 {
                 <button "hx-get"="/post" "hx-swap"="outherHTML"
                     "hx-target"="[preview]">"edit"</button>
@@ -380,11 +393,11 @@ struct Session {
 impl<S> axum::extract::FromRequestParts<S> for Session {
     /// If the extractor fails it'll use this "rejection" type. A rejection is
     /// a kind of error that can be converted into a response.
-    type Rejection = axum::response::Redirect;
+    type Rejection = Redirect;
 
     /// Perform the extraction.
     async fn from_request_parts(parts: &mut Parts, _: &S) -> Result<Self, Self::Rejection> {
-        let err = || axum::response::Redirect::permanent("/login");
+        let err = redirect("/login");
 
         let value = parts
             .headers
@@ -392,20 +405,20 @@ impl<S> axum::extract::FromRequestParts<S> for Session {
             .into_iter()
             .find_map(|c| c.to_str().ok()?.trim().strip_prefix("id="))
             .map(|c| c.split_once(';').unwrap_or((c, "")).0)
-            .ok_or(err())?;
+            .ok_or(err)?;
         let mut id = [0u8; 32];
-        parse_hex(value, &mut id).ok_or(err())?;
+        parse_hex(value, &mut id).ok_or(err)?;
 
         let (name, expiration) = db::with(|db| {
             db.get_session
                 .query_row((dbg!(id),), |r| Ok((r.get::<_, String>(0)?, r.get::<_, u64>(1)?)))
                 .inspect_err(|e| log::error!("{e}"))
-                .map_err(|_| err())
+                .map_err(|_| err)
         })?;
 
         if expiration < now() {
             log::error!("expired");
-            return Err(err());
+            return Err(err);
         }
 
         Ok(Self { name, id })
diff --git a/depell/wasm-hbfmt/src/lib.rs b/depell/wasm-hbfmt/src/lib.rs
index 2a283c7a..0107696e 100644
--- a/depell/wasm-hbfmt/src/lib.rs
+++ b/depell/wasm-hbfmt/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,31 +1,51 @@
 #![no_std]
 #![feature(slice_take)]
 #![feature(str_from_raw_parts)]
+#![feature(alloc_error_handler)]
 
-use hblang::parser::ParserCtx;
-
-#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
-#[panic_handler]
-fn handle_panic(_: &core::panic::PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    core::arch::wasm32::unreachable()
-}
-
-use core::{
-    alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout},
-    cell::UnsafeCell,
+use {
+    core::{
+        alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout},
+        cell::UnsafeCell,
+    },
+    hblang::parser::ParserCtx,
 };
 
 const ARENA_SIZE: usize = 128 * 1024;
+const MAX_OUTPUT_SIZE: usize = 1024 * 10;
+const MAX_INPUT_SIZE: usize = 1024 * 4;
+
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+#[panic_handler]
+pub fn handle_panic(_info: &core::panic::PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    //unsafe {
+    //    use core::fmt::Write;
+    //    let mut f = Write(&mut PANIC_MESSAGE[..]);
+    //    _ = writeln!(f, "{}", info);
+    //    PANIC_MESSAGE_LEN = 1024 - f.0.len();
+    //}
+
+    core::arch::wasm32::unreachable();
+}
+
+#[global_allocator]
+static ALLOCATOR: ArenaAllocator = ArenaAllocator::new();
+
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+#[alloc_error_handler]
+fn alloc_error(_: core::alloc::Layout) -> ! {
+    core::arch::wasm32::unreachable()
+}
 
 #[repr(C, align(32))]
-struct SimpleAllocator {
+struct ArenaAllocator {
     arena: UnsafeCell<[u8; ARENA_SIZE]>,
     head: UnsafeCell<*mut u8>,
 }
 
-impl SimpleAllocator {
+impl ArenaAllocator {
     const fn new() -> Self {
-        SimpleAllocator {
+        ArenaAllocator {
             arena: UnsafeCell::new([0; ARENA_SIZE]),
             head: UnsafeCell::new(core::ptr::null_mut()),
         }
@@ -36,9 +56,9 @@ impl SimpleAllocator {
     }
 }
 
-unsafe impl Sync for SimpleAllocator {}
+unsafe impl Sync for ArenaAllocator {}
 
-unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for SimpleAllocator {
+unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for ArenaAllocator {
     unsafe fn alloc(&self, layout: Layout) -> *mut u8 {
         let size = layout.size();
         let align = layout.align();
@@ -46,7 +66,7 @@ unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for SimpleAllocator {
         let until = self.arena.get() as *mut u8;
 
         let new_head = (*self.head.get()).sub(size);
-        let aligned_head = (new_head as usize & (1 << (align - 1))) as *mut u8;
+        let aligned_head = (new_head as usize & !(1 << (align - 1))) as *mut u8;
 
         if until > aligned_head {
             return core::ptr::null_mut();
@@ -61,41 +81,53 @@ unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for SimpleAllocator {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg_attr(target_arch = "wasm32", global_allocator)]
-static ALLOCATOR: SimpleAllocator = SimpleAllocator::new();
+struct Write<'a>(&'a mut [u8]);
 
-const MAX_OUTPUT_SIZE: usize = 1024 * 10;
+impl core::fmt::Write for Write<'_> {
+    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> core::fmt::Result {
+        if let Some(m) = self.0.take_mut(..s.len()) {
+            m.copy_from_slice(s.as_bytes());
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(core::fmt::Error)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+//#[no_mangle]
+//static mut PANIC_MESSAGE: [u8; 1024] = unsafe { core::mem::zeroed() };
+//#[no_mangle]
+//static mut PANIC_MESSAGE_LEN: usize = 0;
 
 #[no_mangle]
 static mut OUTPUT: [u8; MAX_OUTPUT_SIZE] = unsafe { core::mem::zeroed() };
-
 #[no_mangle]
 static mut OUTPUT_LEN: usize = 0;
 
 #[no_mangle]
-unsafe extern "C" fn fmt(code: *const u8, len: usize) {
+static MAX_INPUT: usize = MAX_INPUT_SIZE;
+#[no_mangle]
+static mut INPUT: [u8; MAX_INPUT_SIZE] = unsafe { core::mem::zeroed() };
+#[no_mangle]
+static mut INPUT_LEN: usize = 0;
+
+#[no_mangle]
+unsafe extern "C" fn fmt() {
     ALLOCATOR.reset();
 
-    let code = core::str::from_raw_parts(code, len);
+    let code = core::str::from_raw_parts(core::ptr::addr_of!(INPUT).cast(), INPUT_LEN);
 
     let arena = hblang::parser::Arena::default();
     let mut ctx = ParserCtx::default();
     let exprs = hblang::parser::Parser::parse(&mut ctx, code, "source.hb", &|_, _| Ok(0), &arena);
 
-    struct Write<'a>(&'a mut [u8]);
-
-    impl core::fmt::Write for Write<'_> {
-        fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> core::fmt::Result {
-            if let Some(m) = self.0.take_mut(..s.len()) {
-                m.copy_from_slice(s.as_bytes());
-                Ok(())
-            } else {
-                Err(core::fmt::Error)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    let mut f = Write(unsafe { &mut OUTPUT[..] });
+    let mut f = Write(&mut OUTPUT[..]);
     hblang::fmt::fmt_file(exprs, code, &mut f).unwrap();
-    unsafe { OUTPUT_LEN = MAX_OUTPUT_SIZE - f.0.len() };
+    OUTPUT_LEN = MAX_OUTPUT_SIZE - f.0.len();
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+unsafe extern "C" fn minify() {
+    let code = core::str::from_raw_parts_mut(core::ptr::addr_of_mut!(OUTPUT).cast(), OUTPUT_LEN);
+    OUTPUT_LEN = hblang::fmt::minify(code);
 }
diff --git a/hblang/Cargo.toml b/hblang/Cargo.toml
index 9df928ab..3b18338e 100644
--- a/hblang/Cargo.toml
+++ b/hblang/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,8 +12,13 @@ hashbrown = { version = "0.15.0", default-features = false, features = ["raw-ent
 hbbytecode = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../hbbytecode" }
 hbvm = { path = "../hbvm", features = ["nightly"] }
 log = { version = "0.4.22", features = ["release_max_level_error"] }
-regalloc2 = { git = "https://github.com/jakubDoka/regalloc2", branch = "reuse-allocations", features = [] }
+
+[dependencies.regalloc2]
+git = "https://github.com/jakubDoka/regalloc2"
+branch = "reuse-allocations"
+optional = true
 
 [features]
-default = ["std"]
+default = ["std", "opts"]
 std = []
+opts = ["regalloc2"]
diff --git a/hblang/src/codegen.rs b/hblang/src/codegen.rs
index 13f4a6b0..fa250851 100644
--- a/hblang/src/codegen.rs
+++ b/hblang/src/codegen.rs
@@ -839,8 +839,8 @@ impl Codegen {
                 let index_val = self.expr(index)?;
                 _ = self.assert_ty(index.pos(), index_val.ty, ty::Id::INT, "subsctipt");
 
-                if let ty::Kind::Ptr(ty) = base_val.ty.expand() {
-                    base_val.ty = self.tys.ins.ptrs[ty as usize].base;
+                if let Some(ty) = self.tys.base_of(base_val.ty) {
+                    base_val.ty = ty;
                     base_val.loc = base_val.loc.into_derefed();
                 }
 
@@ -1070,7 +1070,7 @@ impl Codegen {
                 Some(Value { ty, loc })
             }
             E::String { pos, mut literal } => {
-                literal = literal.trim_matches('"');
+                literal = &literal[1..literal.len() - 1];
 
                 if !literal.ends_with("\\0") {
                     self.report(pos, "string literal must end with null byte (for now)");
@@ -1206,8 +1206,8 @@ impl Codegen {
                 let checkpoint = self.ci.snap();
                 let mut tal = self.expr(target)?;
 
-                if let ty::Kind::Ptr(ty) = tal.ty.expand() {
-                    tal.ty = self.tys.ins.ptrs[ty as usize].base;
+                if let Some(ty) = self.tys.base_of(tal.ty) {
+                    tal.ty = ty;
                     tal.loc = tal.loc.into_derefed();
                 }
 
@@ -1306,9 +1306,9 @@ impl Codegen {
             }
             E::UnOp { op: T::Mul, val, pos } => {
                 let val = self.expr(val)?;
-                match val.ty.expand() {
-                    ty::Kind::Ptr(ty) => Some(Value {
-                        ty: self.tys.ins.ptrs[ty as usize].base,
+                match self.tys.base_of(val.ty) {
+                    Some(ty) => Some(Value {
+                        ty,
                         loc: Loc::reg(self.loc_to_reg(val.loc, self.tys.size_of(val.ty)))
                             .into_derefed(),
                     }),
@@ -1640,10 +1640,9 @@ impl Codegen {
                         imm = u64::from_ne_bytes(dst);
                     }
                     if matches!(op, T::Add | T::Sub)
-                        && let ty::Kind::Ptr(ty) = ty::Kind::from_ty(ty)
+                        && let Some(ty) = self.tys.base_of(ty)
                     {
-                        let size = self.tys.size_of(self.tys.ins.ptrs[ty as usize].base);
-                        imm *= size as u64;
+                        imm *= self.tys.size_of(ty) as u64;
                     }
 
                     self.ci.emit(oper(dst.get(), lhs.get(), imm));
@@ -1676,9 +1675,8 @@ impl Codegen {
                             (lhs.get(), right.ty)
                         };
 
-                        let ty::Kind::Ptr(ty) = ty.expand() else { unreachable!() };
-
-                        let size = self.tys.size_of(self.tys.ins.ptrs[ty as usize].base);
+                        let ty = self.tys.base_of(ty).unwrap();
+                        let size = self.tys.size_of(ty);
                         self.ci.emit(muli64(offset, offset, size as _));
                     }
                 }
diff --git a/hblang/src/fmt.rs b/hblang/src/fmt.rs
index 5f85545d..446de98a 100644
--- a/hblang/src/fmt.rs
+++ b/hblang/src/fmt.rs
@@ -3,11 +3,10 @@ use {
         lexer::{self, TokenKind},
         parser::{self, CommentOr, CtorField, Expr, Poser, Radix, StructField},
     },
-    alloc::string::String,
     core::fmt,
 };
 
-pub fn minify(source: &mut str) -> Option<&str> {
+pub fn minify(source: &mut str) -> usize {
     fn needs_space(c: u8) -> bool {
         matches!(c, b'a'..=b'z' | b'A'..=b'Z' | b'0'..=b'9' | 127..)
     }
@@ -15,6 +14,7 @@ pub fn minify(source: &mut str) -> Option<&str> {
     let mut writer = source.as_mut_ptr();
     let mut reader = &source[..];
     let mut prev_needs_whitecpace = false;
+    let mut prev_needs_newline = false;
     loop {
         let mut token = lexer::Lexer::new(reader).next();
         match token.kind {
@@ -23,46 +23,59 @@ pub fn minify(source: &mut str) -> Option<&str> {
             _ => {}
         }
 
-        let mut suffix = 0;
-        if token.kind == TokenKind::Comment && reader.as_bytes()[token.end as usize - 1] != b'/' {
-            token.end = token.start + reader[token.range()].trim_end().len() as u32;
-            suffix = b'\n';
-        }
+        let cpy_len = token.range().len();
 
         let mut prefix = 0;
         if prev_needs_whitecpace && needs_space(reader.as_bytes()[token.start as usize]) {
             prefix = b' ';
+            debug_assert!(token.start != 0, "{reader}");
+        }
+        prev_needs_whitecpace = needs_space(reader.as_bytes()[token.end as usize - 1]);
+
+        let inbetween_new_lines =
+            reader[..token.start as usize].bytes().filter(|&b| b == b'\n').count()
+                + token.kind.precedence().is_some() as usize;
+        let extra_prefix_new_lines = if inbetween_new_lines > 1 {
+            1 + token.kind.precedence().is_none() as usize
+        } else {
+            prev_needs_newline as usize
+        };
+
+        if token.kind == TokenKind::Comment && reader.as_bytes()[token.end as usize - 1] != b'/' {
+            prev_needs_newline = true;
+            prev_needs_whitecpace = false;
+        } else {
+            prev_needs_newline = false;
         }
 
-        prev_needs_whitecpace = needs_space(reader.as_bytes()[token.end as usize - 1]);
         let sstr = reader[token.start as usize..].as_ptr();
         reader = &reader[token.end as usize..];
         unsafe {
-            if prefix != 0 {
+            if extra_prefix_new_lines != 0 {
+                for _ in 0..extra_prefix_new_lines {
+                    writer.write(b'\n');
+                    writer = writer.add(1);
+                }
+            } else if prefix != 0 {
                 writer.write(prefix);
                 writer = writer.add(1);
             }
-            writer.copy_from(sstr, token.range().len());
-            writer = writer.add(token.range().len());
-            if suffix != 0 {
-                writer.write(suffix);
-                writer = writer.add(1);
-            }
+            writer.copy_from(sstr, cpy_len);
+            writer = writer.add(cpy_len);
         }
     }
 
-    None
+    unsafe { writer.sub_ptr(source.as_mut_ptr()) }
 }
 
 pub struct Formatter<'a> {
     source: &'a str,
     depth: usize,
-    disp_buff: String,
 }
 
 impl<'a> Formatter<'a> {
     pub fn new(source: &'a str) -> Self {
-        Self { source, depth: 0, disp_buff: Default::default() }
+        Self { source, depth: 0 }
     }
 
     fn fmt_list<T: Poser, F: core::fmt::Write>(
@@ -172,7 +185,7 @@ impl<'a> Formatter<'a> {
                 self.fmt(value, f)
             }
             Expr::String { literal, .. } => write!(f, "{literal}"),
-            Expr::Comment { literal, .. } => write!(f, "{}", literal.trim_end()),
+            Expr::Comment { literal, .. } => write!(f, "{literal}"),
             Expr::Mod { path, .. } => write!(f, "@use(\"{path}\")"),
             Expr::Field { target, name: field, .. } => {
                 self.fmt_paren(target, f, postfix)?;
@@ -194,7 +207,7 @@ impl<'a> Formatter<'a> {
                             write!(f, "{name}: ")?;
                             s.fmt(ty, f)?
                         }
-                        CommentOr::Comment { literal, .. } => write!(f, "{literal}")?,
+                        CommentOr::Comment { literal, .. } => writeln!(f, "{literal}")?,
                     }
                     Ok(field.or().is_some())
                 })
@@ -294,30 +307,42 @@ impl<'a> Formatter<'a> {
                 write!(f, "{{")?;
                 self.fmt_list(f, true, "}", "", stmts, Self::fmt)
             }
-            Expr::Number { value, radix, .. } => match radix {
-                Radix::Decimal => write!(f, "{value}"),
-                Radix::Hex => write!(f, "{value:#X}"),
-                Radix::Octal => write!(f, "{value:#o}"),
-                Radix::Binary => write!(f, "{value:#b}"),
-            },
+            Expr::Number { value, radix, .. } => {
+                fn display_radix(radix: Radix, mut value: u64, buf: &mut [u8; 64]) -> &str {
+                    fn conv_radix(d: u8) -> u8 {
+                        match d {
+                            0..=9 => d + b'0',
+                            _ => d - 10 + b'A',
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    for (i, b) in buf.iter_mut().enumerate().rev() {
+                        let d = (value % radix as u64) as u8;
+                        value /= radix as u64;
+                        *b = conv_radix(d);
+                        if value == 0 {
+                            return unsafe { core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(&buf[i..]) };
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    unreachable!()
+                }
+                let mut buf = [0u8; 64];
+                let value = display_radix(radix, value as u64, &mut buf);
+                match radix {
+                    Radix::Decimal => write!(f, "{value}"),
+                    Radix::Hex => write!(f, "0x{value}"),
+                    Radix::Octal => write!(f, "0o{value}"),
+                    Radix::Binary => write!(f, "0b{value}"),
+                }
+            }
             Expr::Bool { value, .. } => write!(f, "{value}"),
             Expr::Idk { .. } => write!(f, "idk"),
             Expr::BinOp {
                 left,
                 op: TokenKind::Assign,
-                right: Expr::BinOp { left: lleft, op, right },
-            } if {
-                let mut b = core::mem::take(&mut self.disp_buff);
-                self.fmt(lleft, &mut b)?;
-                let len = b.len();
-                self.fmt(left, &mut b)?;
-                let (lleft, left) = b.split_at(len);
-                let res = lleft == left;
-                b.clear();
-                self.disp_buff = b;
-                res
-            } =>
-            {
+                right: &Expr::BinOp { left: lleft, op, right },
+            } if left.pos() == lleft.pos() => {
                 self.fmt(left, f)?;
                 write!(f, " {op}= ")?;
                 self.fmt(right, f)
@@ -355,7 +380,7 @@ impl<'a> Formatter<'a> {
 }
 
 pub fn preserve_newlines(source: &str) -> usize {
-    source[source.trim_end().len()..].chars().filter(|&c| c == '\n').count()
+    source[source.trim_end().len()..].bytes().filter(|&c| c == b'\n').count()
 }
 
 pub fn insert_needed_semicolon(source: &str) -> bool {
@@ -365,39 +390,46 @@ pub fn insert_needed_semicolon(source: &str) -> bool {
 
 impl core::fmt::Display for parser::Ast {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        for (i, expr) in self.exprs().iter().enumerate() {
-            Formatter::new(&self.file).fmt(expr, f)?;
-            if let Some(expr) = self.exprs().get(i + 1)
-                && let Some(rest) = self.file.get(expr.pos() as usize..)
-            {
-                if insert_needed_semicolon(rest) {
-                    write!(f, ";")?;
-                }
+        fmt_file(self.exprs(), &self.file, f)
+    }
+}
 
-                if preserve_newlines(&self.file[..expr.pos() as usize]) > 1 {
-                    writeln!(f)?;
-                }
+pub fn fmt_file(exprs: &[Expr], file: &str, f: &mut impl fmt::Write) -> fmt::Result {
+    for (i, expr) in exprs.iter().enumerate() {
+        Formatter::new(file).fmt(expr, f)?;
+        if let Some(expr) = exprs.get(i + 1)
+            && let Some(rest) = file.get(expr.pos() as usize..)
+        {
+            if insert_needed_semicolon(rest) {
+                write!(f, ";")?;
             }
 
-            if i + 1 != self.exprs().len() {
+            if preserve_newlines(&file[..expr.pos() as usize]) > 1 {
                 writeln!(f)?;
             }
         }
-        Ok(())
+
+        if i + 1 != exprs.len() {
+            writeln!(f)?;
+        }
     }
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 pub mod test {
     use {
-        crate::parser::{self, StackAlloc},
+        crate::parser::{self, ParserCtx},
         alloc::borrow::ToOwned,
         std::{fmt::Write, string::String},
     };
 
     pub fn format(ident: &str, input: &str) {
-        let ast =
-            parser::Ast::new(ident, input.to_owned(), &mut StackAlloc::default(), &|_, _| Ok(0));
+        let mut minned = input.to_owned();
+        let len = crate::fmt::minify(&mut minned);
+        minned.truncate(len);
+
+        let ast = parser::Ast::new(ident, minned, &mut ParserCtx::default(), &|_, _| Ok(0));
         let mut output = String::new();
         write!(output, "{ast}").unwrap();
 
diff --git a/hblang/src/fs.rs b/hblang/src/fs.rs
index 49a5d932..b34185ad 100644
--- a/hblang/src/fs.rs
+++ b/hblang/src/fs.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use {
     crate::{
         codegen,
-        parser::{self, Ast, StackAlloc},
+        parser::{self, Ast, ParserCtx},
     },
     alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec},
     core::{fmt::Write, num::NonZeroUsize},
@@ -263,22 +263,22 @@ pub fn parse_from_fs(extra_threads: usize, root: &str) -> io::Result<Vec<Ast>> {
         Ok(id)
     };
 
-    let execute_task = |stack: &mut _, (_, path): Task| {
+    let execute_task = |ctx: &mut _, (_, path): Task| {
         let path = path.to_str().ok_or_else(|| {
             io::Error::new(
                 io::ErrorKind::InvalidData,
                 format!("path contains invalid characters: {}", display_rel_path(&path)),
             )
         })?;
-        Ok(Ast::new(path, std::fs::read_to_string(path)?, stack, &|path, from| {
+        Ok(Ast::new(path, std::fs::read_to_string(path)?, ctx, &|path, from| {
             loader(path, from).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
         }))
     };
 
     let thread = || {
-        let mut stack = StackAlloc::default();
+        let mut ctx = ParserCtx::default();
         while let Some(task @ (indx, ..)) = tasks.pop() {
-            let res = execute_task(&mut stack, task);
+            let res = execute_task(&mut ctx, task);
             let mut ast = ast.lock().unwrap();
             let len = ast.len().max(indx as usize + 1);
             ast.resize_with(len, || Err(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData.into()));
diff --git a/hblang/src/lexer.rs b/hblang/src/lexer.rs
index 3b2ab8cf..8f0a0735 100644
--- a/hblang/src/lexer.rs
+++ b/hblang/src/lexer.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::{instrs, EncodedInstr};
+use crate::EncodedInstr;
 
 const fn ascii_mask(chars: &[u8]) -> u128 {
     let mut eq = 0;
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ macro_rules! gen_token_kind {
     };
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 #[repr(u8)]
 pub enum TokenKind {
     Not = b'!',
@@ -170,9 +170,16 @@ pub enum TokenKind {
     ShlAss = b'<' - 5 + 128,
 }
 
+impl core::fmt::Debug for TokenKind {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
+        core::fmt::Display::fmt(self, f)
+    }
+}
+
 impl TokenKind {
     #[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
     pub fn cond_op(self, signed: bool) -> Option<(fn(u8, u8, i16) -> EncodedInstr, bool)> {
+        use crate::instrs;
         Some((
             match self {
                 Self::Le if signed => instrs::jgts,
@@ -192,7 +199,7 @@ impl TokenKind {
     }
 
     pub fn binop(self, signed: bool, size: u32) -> Option<fn(u8, u8, u8) -> EncodedInstr> {
-        use instrs::*;
+        use crate::instrs::*;
 
         macro_rules! div { ($($op:ident),*) => {[$(|a, b, c| $op(a, 0, b, c)),*]}; }
         macro_rules! rem { ($($op:ident),*) => {[$(|a, b, c| $op(0, a, b, c)),*]}; }
@@ -219,7 +226,7 @@ impl TokenKind {
 
     #[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
     pub fn imm_binop(self, signed: bool, size: u32) -> Option<fn(u8, u8, u64) -> EncodedInstr> {
-        use instrs::*;
+        use crate::instrs::*;
         macro_rules! def_op {
             ($name:ident |$a:ident, $b:ident, $c:ident| $($tt:tt)*) => {
                 macro_rules! $name {
@@ -286,7 +293,7 @@ impl TokenKind {
 
     pub fn unop(&self) -> Option<fn(u8, u8) -> EncodedInstr> {
         Some(match self {
-            Self::Sub => instrs::neg,
+            Self::Sub => crate::instrs::neg,
             _ => return None,
         })
     }
@@ -362,7 +369,7 @@ gen_token_kind! {
 
 pub struct Lexer<'a> {
     pos: u32,
-    bytes: &'a [u8],
+    source: &'a [u8],
 }
 
 impl<'a> Lexer<'a> {
@@ -371,22 +378,22 @@ impl<'a> Lexer<'a> {
     }
 
     pub fn restore(input: &'a str, pos: u32) -> Self {
-        Self { pos, bytes: input.as_bytes() }
+        Self { pos, source: input.as_bytes() }
     }
 
     pub fn source(&self) -> &'a str {
-        unsafe { core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(self.bytes) }
+        unsafe { core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(self.source) }
     }
 
     pub fn slice(&self, tok: core::ops::Range<usize>) -> &'a str {
-        unsafe { core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(&self.bytes[tok]) }
+        unsafe { core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(&self.source[tok]) }
     }
 
     fn peek(&self) -> Option<u8> {
-        if core::intrinsics::unlikely(self.pos >= self.bytes.len() as u32) {
+        if core::intrinsics::unlikely(self.pos >= self.source.len() as u32) {
             None
         } else {
-            Some(unsafe { *self.bytes.get_unchecked(self.pos as usize) })
+            Some(unsafe { *self.source.get_unchecked(self.pos as usize) })
         }
     }
 
@@ -453,7 +460,7 @@ impl<'a> Lexer<'a> {
                 }
                 b'a'..=b'z' | b'A'..=b'Z' | b'_' | 127.. => {
                     advance_ident(self);
-                    let ident = &self.bytes[start as usize..self.pos as usize];
+                    let ident = &self.source[start as usize..self.pos as usize];
                     T::from_ident(ident)
                 }
                 b'"' | b'\'' => loop {
@@ -465,10 +472,18 @@ impl<'a> Lexer<'a> {
                     }
                 },
                 b'/' if self.advance_if(b'/') => {
-                    while let Some(l) = self.advance()
+                    while let Some(l) = self.peek()
                         && l != b'\n'
-                    {}
-                    T::Comment
+                    {
+                        self.pos += 1;
+                    }
+
+                    let end = self.source[..self.pos as usize]
+                        .iter()
+                        .rposition(|&b| !b.is_ascii_whitespace())
+                        .map_or(self.pos, |i| i as u32 + 1);
+
+                    return Token { kind: T::Comment, start, end };
                 }
                 b'/' if self.advance_if(b'*') => {
                     let mut depth = 1;
diff --git a/hblang/src/lib.rs b/hblang/src/lib.rs
index 403c8ebd..0891abcb 100644
--- a/hblang/src/lib.rs
+++ b/hblang/src/lib.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
     never_type,
     unwrap_infallible,
     slice_partition_dedup,
-    hash_raw_entry,
     portable_simd,
     iter_collect_into,
     new_uninit,
@@ -19,6 +18,8 @@
     extract_if,
     ptr_internals,
     iter_intersperse,
+    str_from_raw_parts,
+    ptr_sub_ptr,
     slice_from_ptr_range
 )]
 #![warn(clippy::dbg_macro)]
@@ -32,7 +33,6 @@ use {
         ident::Ident,
         lexer::TokenKind,
         parser::{CommentOr, Expr, ExprRef, FileId, Pos},
-        son::reg,
         ty::ArrayLen,
     },
     alloc::{collections::BTreeMap, string::String, vec::Vec},
@@ -65,11 +65,22 @@ pub mod fmt;
 #[cfg(any(feature = "std", test))]
 pub mod fs;
 pub mod parser;
+#[cfg(feature = "opts")]
 pub mod son;
 
 mod lexer;
+#[cfg(feature = "opts")]
 mod vc;
 
+pub mod reg {
+    pub const STACK_PTR: Reg = 254;
+    pub const ZERO: Reg = 0;
+    pub const RET: Reg = 1;
+    pub const RET_ADDR: Reg = 31;
+
+    pub type Reg = u8;
+}
+
 mod ctx_map {
     use core::hash::BuildHasher;
 
@@ -139,10 +150,12 @@ mod ctx_map {
                 .map(|(k, _)| &k.value)
         }
 
+        #[cfg_attr(not(feature = "opts"), expect(dead_code))]
         pub fn clear(&mut self) {
             self.inner.clear();
         }
 
+        #[cfg_attr(not(feature = "opts"), expect(dead_code))]
         pub fn remove(&mut self, value: &T, ctx: &T::Ctx) -> Option<T> {
             let (entry, _) = self.entry(value.key(ctx), ctx);
             match entry {
@@ -193,6 +206,7 @@ mod task {
         unpack(offset).is_ok()
     }
 
+    #[cfg_attr(not(feature = "opts"), expect(dead_code))]
     pub fn id(index: usize) -> Offset {
         1 << 31 | index as u32
     }
@@ -397,8 +411,14 @@ mod ty {
 
             mod __lc_names {
                 use super::*;
-                $(pub const $name: &[u8] = &array_to_lower_case(unsafe {
-                    *(stringify!($name).as_ptr() as *const [u8; stringify!($name).len()]) });)*
+                $(pub const $name: &str = unsafe {
+                    const LCL: &[u8] = unsafe {
+                        &array_to_lower_case(
+                            *(stringify!($name).as_ptr() as *const [u8; stringify!($name).len()])
+                        )
+                    };
+                    core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(LCL)
+                };)*
             }
 
             #[allow(dead_code)]
@@ -407,7 +427,7 @@ mod ty {
             }
 
             pub fn from_str(name: &str) -> Option<Builtin> {
-                match name.as_bytes() {
+                match name {
                     $(__lc_names::$name => Some($name),)*
                     _ => None,
                 }
@@ -415,7 +435,7 @@ mod ty {
 
             pub fn to_str(ty: Builtin) -> &'static str {
                 match ty {
-                    $($name => unsafe { core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(__lc_names::$name) },)*
+                    $($name => __lc_names::$name,)*
                     v => unreachable!("invalid type: {}", v),
                 }
             }
@@ -551,6 +571,7 @@ mod ty {
         }
     }
 
+    #[cfg_attr(not(feature = "opts"), expect(dead_code))]
     pub fn bin_ret(ty: Id, op: TokenKind) -> Id {
         use TokenKind as T;
         match op {
@@ -1141,6 +1162,7 @@ impl Types {
         }
     }
 
+    #[cfg_attr(not(feature = "opts"), expect(dead_code))]
     fn find_struct_field(&self, s: ty::Struct, name: &str) -> Option<usize> {
         let name = self.names.project(name)?;
         self.struct_fields(s).iter().position(|f| f.name == name)
@@ -1188,8 +1210,8 @@ impl OffsetIter {
     }
 }
 
+#[cfg(any(feature = "opts", feature = "std"))]
 type HashMap<K, V> = hashbrown::HashMap<K, V, FnvBuildHasher>;
-type _HashSet<K> = hashbrown::HashSet<K, FnvBuildHasher>;
 type FnvBuildHasher = core::hash::BuildHasherDefault<FnvHasher>;
 
 struct FnvHasher(u64);
@@ -1334,10 +1356,10 @@ fn test_parse_files(ident: &'static str, input: &'static str) -> Vec<parser::Ast
             .ok_or("Not Found".to_string())
     };
 
-    let mut stack = parser::StackAlloc::default();
+    let mut ctx = parser::ParserCtx::default();
     module_map
         .iter()
-        .map(|&(path, content)| parser::Ast::new(path, content.to_owned(), &mut stack, &loader))
+        .map(|&(path, content)| parser::Ast::new(path, content.to_owned(), &mut ctx, &loader))
         .collect()
 }
 
diff --git a/hblang/src/parser.rs b/hblang/src/parser.rs
index 7bef597e..e44b8f9b 100644
--- a/hblang/src/parser.rs
+++ b/hblang/src/parser.rs
@@ -63,63 +63,60 @@ pub struct Parser<'a, 'b> {
     path: &'b str,
     loader: Loader<'b>,
     lexer: Lexer<'a>,
-    arena: &'b Arena<'a>,
+    arena: &'a Arena,
+    ctx: &'b mut ParserCtx,
     token: Token,
-    symbols: &'b mut Symbols,
-    stack: &'b mut StackAlloc,
     ns_bound: usize,
     trailing_sep: bool,
     packed: bool,
-    idents: Vec<ScopeIdent>,
-    captured: Vec<Ident>,
 }
 
 impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
-    pub fn new(
-        arena: &'b Arena<'a>,
-        symbols: &'b mut Symbols,
-        stack: &'b mut StackAlloc,
+    pub fn parse(
+        ctx: &'b mut ParserCtx,
+        input: &'a str,
+        path: &'b str,
         loader: Loader<'b>,
-    ) -> Self {
-        let mut lexer = Lexer::new("");
+        arena: &'a Arena,
+    ) -> &'a [Expr<'a>] {
+        let mut lexer = Lexer::new(input);
         Self {
             loader,
             token: lexer.next(),
             lexer,
-            path: "",
+            path,
+            ctx,
             arena,
-            symbols,
-            stack,
             ns_bound: 0,
             trailing_sep: false,
             packed: false,
-            idents: Vec::new(),
-            captured: Vec::new(),
         }
+        .file()
     }
 
-    pub fn file(&mut self, input: &'a str, path: &'b str) -> &'a [Expr<'a>] {
-        self.path = path;
-        self.lexer = Lexer::new(input);
-        self.token = self.lexer.next();
-
+    fn file(&mut self) -> &'a [Expr<'a>] {
         let f = self.collect_list(TokenKind::Semi, TokenKind::Eof, |s| s.expr_low(true));
 
         self.pop_scope(0);
-        let mut errors = String::new();
-        for id in self.idents.drain(..) {
-            report_to(
-                self.lexer.source(),
-                self.path,
-                ident::pos(id.ident),
-                format_args!("undeclared identifier: {}", self.lexer.slice(ident::range(id.ident))),
-                &mut errors,
-            );
-        }
 
-        if !errors.is_empty() {
+        if !self.ctx.idents.is_empty() {
             // TODO: we need error recovery
-            log::error!("{errors}");
+            log::error!("{}", {
+                let mut errors = String::new();
+                for id in self.ctx.idents.drain(..) {
+                    report_to(
+                        self.lexer.source(),
+                        self.path,
+                        ident::pos(id.ident),
+                        format_args!(
+                            "undeclared identifier: {}",
+                            self.lexer.slice(ident::range(id.ident))
+                        ),
+                        &mut errors,
+                    );
+                }
+                errors
+            });
             unreachable!();
         }
 
@@ -153,36 +150,20 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
                 break;
             }
 
-            let checkpoint = self.token.start;
             let op = self.next().kind;
 
             if op == TokenKind::Decl {
                 self.declare_rec(&fold, top_level);
             }
 
-            let op_ass = op.ass_op().map(|op| {
-                // this abomination reparses the left side, so that the desubaring adheres to the
-                // parser invariants.
-                let source = self.lexer.slice(0..checkpoint as usize);
-                let prev_lexer =
-                    core::mem::replace(&mut self.lexer, Lexer::restore(source, fold.pos()));
-                let prev_token = core::mem::replace(&mut self.token, self.lexer.next());
-                let clone = self.expr();
-                self.lexer = prev_lexer;
-                self.token = prev_token;
-
-                (op, clone)
-            });
-
             let right = self.unit_expr();
             let right = self.bin_expr(right, prec, false);
             let right = self.arena.alloc(right);
             let left = self.arena.alloc(fold);
 
-            if let Some((op, clone)) = op_ass {
+            if let Some(op) = op.ass_op() {
                 self.flag_idents(*left, idfl::MUTABLE);
-
-                let right = Expr::BinOp { left: self.arena.alloc(clone), op, right };
+                let right = Expr::BinOp { left: self.arena.alloc(fold), op, right };
                 fold = Expr::BinOp { left, op: TokenKind::Assign, right: self.arena.alloc(right) };
             } else {
                 fold = Expr::BinOp { left, right, op };
@@ -220,15 +201,15 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
             );
         }
 
-        let index = self.idents.binary_search_by_key(&id, |s| s.ident).expect("fck up");
-        if core::mem::replace(&mut self.idents[index].declared, true) {
+        let index = self.ctx.idents.binary_search_by_key(&id, |s| s.ident).expect("fck up");
+        if core::mem::replace(&mut self.ctx.idents[index].declared, true) {
             self.report(
                 pos,
                 format_args!("redeclaration of identifier: {}", self.lexer.slice(ident::range(id))),
             )
         }
 
-        self.idents[index].ordered = ordered;
+        self.ctx.idents[index].ordered = ordered;
     }
 
     fn resolve_ident(&mut self, token: Token) -> (Ident, bool) {
@@ -240,6 +221,7 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
         }
 
         let (i, id, bl) = match self
+            .ctx
             .idents
             .iter_mut()
             .enumerate()
@@ -248,20 +230,20 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
             Some((i, elem)) => (i, elem, false),
             None => {
                 let id = ident::new(token.start, name.len() as _);
-                self.idents.push(ScopeIdent {
+                self.ctx.idents.push(ScopeIdent {
                     ident: id,
                     declared: false,
                     ordered: false,
                     flags: 0,
                 });
-                (self.idents.len() - 1, self.idents.last_mut().unwrap(), true)
+                (self.ctx.idents.len() - 1, self.ctx.idents.last_mut().unwrap(), true)
             }
         };
 
         id.flags |= idfl::COMPTIME * is_ct as u32;
         if id.declared && id.ordered && self.ns_bound > i {
             id.flags |= idfl::COMPTIME;
-            self.captured.push(id.ident);
+            self.ctx.captured.push(id.ident);
         }
 
         (id.ident, bl)
@@ -273,21 +255,22 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
 
     fn unit_expr(&mut self) -> Expr<'a> {
         use {Expr as E, TokenKind as T};
-        let frame = self.idents.len();
+        let frame = self.ctx.idents.len();
         let token @ Token { start: pos, .. } = self.next();
         let prev_boundary = self.ns_bound;
-        let prev_captured = self.captured.len();
+        let prev_captured = self.ctx.captured.len();
         let mut expr = match token.kind {
             T::Ct => E::Ct { pos, value: self.ptr_expr() },
             T::Directive if self.lexer.slice(token.range()) == "use" => {
                 self.expect_advance(TokenKind::LParen);
                 let str = self.expect_advance(TokenKind::DQuote);
                 self.expect_advance(TokenKind::RParen);
-                let path = self.lexer.slice(str.range()).trim_matches('"');
+                let path = self.lexer.slice(str.range());
+                let path = &path[1..path.len() - 1];
 
                 E::Mod {
                     pos,
-                    path: self.arena.alloc_str(path),
+                    path,
                     id: match (self.loader)(path, self.path) {
                         Ok(id) => id,
                         Err(e) => {
@@ -323,7 +306,7 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
             T::Struct => E::Struct {
                 packed: core::mem::take(&mut self.packed),
                 fields: {
-                    self.ns_bound = self.idents.len();
+                    self.ns_bound = self.ctx.idents.len();
                     self.expect_advance(T::LBrace);
                     self.collect_list(T::Comma, T::RBrace, |s| {
                         let tok = s.token;
@@ -342,15 +325,23 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
                 },
                 captured: {
                     self.ns_bound = prev_boundary;
-                    self.captured[prev_captured..].sort_unstable();
-                    let preserved = self.captured[prev_captured..].partition_dedup().0.len();
-                    self.captured.truncate(prev_captured + preserved);
-                    self.arena.alloc_slice(&self.captured[prev_captured..])
+                    let mut captured = &mut self.ctx.captured[prev_captured..];
+                    while let Some(it) = captured.take_first_mut() {
+                        for ot in &mut *captured {
+                            if it > ot {
+                                core::mem::swap(it, ot);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    debug_assert!(captured.is_sorted());
+                    let preserved = self.ctx.captured[prev_captured..].partition_dedup().0.len();
+                    self.ctx.captured.truncate(prev_captured + preserved);
+                    self.arena.alloc_slice(&self.ctx.captured[prev_captured..])
                 },
                 pos: {
                     if self.ns_bound == 0 {
                         // we might save some memory
-                        self.captured.clear();
+                        self.ctx.captured.clear();
                     }
                     pos
                 },
@@ -427,9 +418,9 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
             T::Number => {
                 let slice = self.lexer.slice(token.range());
                 let (slice, radix) = match &slice.get(0..2) {
-                    Some("0x") => (slice.trim_start_matches("0x"), Radix::Hex),
-                    Some("0b") => (slice.trim_start_matches("0b"), Radix::Binary),
-                    Some("0o") => (slice.trim_start_matches("0o"), Radix::Octal),
+                    Some("0x") => (&slice[2..], Radix::Hex),
+                    Some("0b") => (&slice[2..], Radix::Binary),
+                    Some("0o") => (&slice[2..], Radix::Octal),
                     _ => (slice, Radix::Decimal),
                 };
                 E::Number {
@@ -447,7 +438,7 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
                 expr
             }
             T::Comment => Expr::Comment { pos, literal: self.tok_str(token) },
-            tok => self.report(token.start, format_args!("unexpected token: {tok:?}")),
+            tok => self.report(token.start, format_args!("unexpected token: {tok}")),
         };
 
         loop {
@@ -528,24 +519,25 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
         } else {
             self.report(
                 self.token.start,
-                format_args!("expected identifier, found {:?}", self.token.kind),
+                format_args!("expected identifier, found {}", self.token.kind),
             )
         }
     }
 
     fn pop_scope(&mut self, frame: usize) {
         let mut undeclared_count = frame;
-        for i in frame..self.idents.len() {
-            if !&self.idents[i].declared {
-                self.idents.swap(i, undeclared_count);
+        for i in frame..self.ctx.idents.len() {
+            if !&self.ctx.idents[i].declared {
+                self.ctx.idents.swap(i, undeclared_count);
                 undeclared_count += 1;
             }
         }
 
-        self.idents
+        self.ctx
+            .idents
             .drain(undeclared_count..)
             .map(|ident| Symbol { name: ident.ident, flags: ident.flags })
-            .collect_into(self.symbols);
+            .collect_into(&mut self.ctx.symbols);
     }
 
     fn ptr_unit_expr(&mut self) -> &'a Expr<'a> {
@@ -558,13 +550,13 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
         end: TokenKind,
         mut f: impl FnMut(&mut Self) -> T,
     ) -> &'a [T] {
-        let mut view = self.stack.view();
+        let mut view = self.ctx.stack.view();
         while !self.advance_if(end) {
             let val = f(self);
             self.trailing_sep = self.advance_if(delim);
-            unsafe { self.stack.push(&mut view, val) };
+            unsafe { self.ctx.stack.push(&mut view, val) };
         }
-        self.arena.alloc_slice(unsafe { self.stack.finalize(view) })
+        self.arena.alloc_slice(unsafe { self.ctx.stack.finalize(view) })
     }
 
     fn advance_if(&mut self, kind: TokenKind) -> bool {
@@ -580,7 +572,7 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
         if self.token.kind != kind {
             self.report(
                 self.token.start,
-                format_args!("expected {:?}, found {:?}", kind, self.token.kind),
+                format_args!("expected {}, found {}", kind, self.token.kind),
             );
         }
         self.next()
@@ -588,15 +580,17 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Parser<'a, 'b> {
 
     #[track_caller]
     fn report(&self, pos: Pos, msg: impl fmt::Display) -> ! {
-        let mut str = String::new();
-        report_to(self.lexer.source(), self.path, pos, msg, &mut str);
-        log::error!("{str}");
+        log::error!("{}", {
+            let mut str = String::new();
+            report_to(self.lexer.source(), self.path, pos, msg, &mut str);
+            str
+        });
         unreachable!();
     }
 
     fn flag_idents(&mut self, e: Expr<'a>, flags: IdentFlags) {
         match e {
-            Expr::Ident { id, .. } => find_ident(&mut self.idents, id).flags |= flags,
+            Expr::Ident { id, .. } => find_ident(&mut self.ctx.idents, id).flags |= flags,
             Expr::Field { target, .. } => self.flag_idents(*target, flags),
             _ => {}
         }
@@ -634,7 +628,7 @@ macro_rules! generate_expr {
             $($field:ident: $ty:ty,)*
         },
     )*}) => {
-        #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+        $(#[$meta])*
         $vis enum $name<$lt> {$(
             $(#[$field_meta])*
             $variant {
@@ -649,17 +643,6 @@ macro_rules! generate_expr {
                     $(Self::$variant { $($field),* } => generate_expr!(@first $(($field),)*).posi(),)*
                 }
             }
-
-            pub fn used_bytes(&self) -> usize {
-                match self {$(
-                    Self::$variant { $($field,)* } => {
-                         #[allow(clippy::size_of_ref)]
-                         let fields = [$(($field as *const _ as usize - self as *const _ as usize, core::mem::size_of_val($field)),)*];
-                         let (last, size) = fields.iter().copied().max().unwrap();
-                         last + size
-                    },
-               )*}
-            }
         }
     };
 
@@ -806,6 +789,7 @@ generate_expr! {
         /// `Expr '.' Ident`
         Field {
             target: &'a Self,
+            // we put it second place because its the pos of '.'
             pos: Pos,
             name:  &'a str,
         },
@@ -820,7 +804,7 @@ generate_expr! {
         },
         /// `'@' Ident List('(', ',', ')', Expr)`
         Directive {
-            pos:  u32,
+            pos:  Pos,
             name: &'a str,
             args: &'a [Self],
         },
@@ -959,6 +943,14 @@ impl core::fmt::Display for Display<'_> {
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct ParserCtx {
+    symbols: Symbols,
+    stack: StackAlloc,
+    idents: Vec<ScopeIdent>,
+    captured: Vec<Ident>,
+}
+
 #[repr(C)]
 pub struct AstInner<T: ?Sized> {
     ref_count: AtomicUsize,
@@ -978,21 +970,18 @@ impl AstInner<[Symbol]> {
             .0
     }
 
-    fn new(file: Box<str>, path: &str, stack: &mut StackAlloc, loader: Loader) -> NonNull<Self> {
+    fn new(file: Box<str>, path: &str, ctx: &mut ParserCtx, loader: Loader) -> NonNull<Self> {
         let arena = Arena::default();
-        let mut syms = Vec::new();
-        let mut parser = Parser::new(&arena, &mut syms, stack, loader);
         let exprs =
-            parser.file(unsafe { &*(&*file as *const _) }, path) as *const [Expr<'static>];
-        drop(parser);
+            unsafe { core::mem::transmute(Parser::parse(ctx, &file, path, loader, &arena)) };
 
-        syms.sort_unstable_by_key(|s| s.name);
+        ctx.symbols.sort_unstable_by_key(|s| s.name);
 
-        let layout = Self::layout(syms.len());
+        let layout = Self::layout(ctx.symbols.len());
 
         unsafe {
             let ptr = alloc::alloc::alloc(layout);
-            let inner: *mut Self = core::ptr::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr as *mut _, syms.len());
+            let inner: *mut Self = core::ptr::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr as *mut _, ctx.symbols.len());
 
             core::ptr::write(inner as *mut AstInner<()>, AstInner {
                 ref_count: AtomicUsize::new(1),
@@ -1004,7 +993,7 @@ impl AstInner<[Symbol]> {
             });
             core::ptr::addr_of_mut!((*inner).symbols)
                 .as_mut_ptr()
-                .copy_from_nonoverlapping(syms.as_ptr(), syms.len());
+                .copy_from_nonoverlapping(ctx.symbols.as_ptr(), ctx.symbols.len());
 
             NonNull::new_unchecked(inner)
         }
@@ -1041,8 +1030,8 @@ pub fn report_to(
 pub struct Ast(NonNull<AstInner<[Symbol]>>);
 
 impl Ast {
-    pub fn new(path: &str, content: String, stack: &mut StackAlloc, loader: Loader) -> Self {
-        Self(AstInner::new(content.into(), path, stack, loader))
+    pub fn new(path: &str, content: String, ctx: &mut ParserCtx, loader: Loader) -> Self {
+        Self(AstInner::new(content.into(), path, ctx, loader))
     }
 
     pub fn exprs(&self) -> &[Expr] {
@@ -1067,7 +1056,7 @@ impl Ast {
 
 impl Default for Ast {
     fn default() -> Self {
-        Self(AstInner::new("".into(), "", &mut StackAlloc::default(), &no_loader))
+        Self(AstInner::new("".into(), "", &mut ParserCtx::default(), &no_loader))
     }
 }
 
@@ -1132,13 +1121,13 @@ impl Deref for Ast {
     }
 }
 
-pub struct StackAllocView<T> {
+struct StackAllocView<T> {
     prev: usize,
     base: usize,
     _ph: PhantomData<T>,
 }
 
-pub struct StackAlloc {
+struct StackAlloc {
     data: *mut u8,
     len: usize,
     cap: usize,
@@ -1203,29 +1192,22 @@ impl Drop for StackAlloc {
 }
 
 #[derive(Default)]
-pub struct Arena<'a> {
+pub struct Arena {
     chunk: UnsafeCell<ArenaChunk>,
-    ph: core::marker::PhantomData<&'a ()>,
 }
 
-impl<'a> Arena<'a> {
-    pub fn alloc_str(&self, token: &str) -> &'a str {
-        let ptr = self.alloc_slice(token.as_bytes());
-        unsafe { core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(ptr) }
-    }
-
-    pub fn alloc(&self, expr: Expr<'a>) -> &'a Expr<'a> {
-        let align = core::mem::align_of::<Expr<'a>>();
-        let size = expr.used_bytes();
-        let layout = unsafe { core::alloc::Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(size, align) };
+impl Arena {
+    pub fn alloc<'a>(&'a self, expr: Expr<'a>) -> &'a Expr<'a> {
+        let layout = core::alloc::Layout::new::<Expr<'a>>();
         let ptr = self.alloc_low(layout);
         unsafe {
-            ptr.cast::<u64>().copy_from_nonoverlapping(NonNull::from(&expr).cast(), size / 8)
+            ptr.cast::<u64>()
+                .copy_from_nonoverlapping(NonNull::from(&expr).cast(), layout.size() / 8)
         };
         unsafe { ptr.cast::<Expr<'a>>().as_ref() }
     }
 
-    pub fn alloc_slice<T: Copy>(&self, slice: &[T]) -> &'a [T] {
+    pub fn alloc_slice<'a, T: Copy>(&'a self, slice: &[T]) -> &'a [T] {
         if slice.is_empty() || core::mem::size_of::<T>() == 0 {
             return &mut [];
         }
@@ -1266,7 +1248,7 @@ impl Default for ArenaChunk {
 }
 
 impl ArenaChunk {
-    const ALIGN: usize = core::mem::align_of::<Self>();
+    const ALIGN: usize = 16;
     const CHUNK_SIZE: usize = 1 << 16;
     const LAYOUT: core::alloc::Layout =
         unsafe { core::alloc::Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(Self::CHUNK_SIZE, Self::ALIGN) };
diff --git a/hblang/src/son.rs b/hblang/src/son.rs
index 7d2ee50e..96cab585 100644
--- a/hblang/src/son.rs
+++ b/hblang/src/son.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use {
             idfl::{self},
             Expr, ExprRef, FileId, Pos,
         },
-        task,
+        reg, task,
         ty::{self},
         vc::{BitSet, Vc},
         Func, HashMap, Offset, OffsetIter, Reloc, Sig, Size, SymKey, TypedReloc, Types,
@@ -34,15 +34,6 @@ const MEM: Nid = 3;
 
 type Nid = u16;
 
-pub mod reg {
-    pub const STACK_PTR: Reg = 254;
-    pub const ZERO: Reg = 0;
-    pub const RET: Reg = 1;
-    pub const RET_ADDR: Reg = 31;
-
-    pub type Reg = u8;
-}
-
 type Lookup = crate::ctx_map::CtxMap<Nid>;
 
 impl crate::ctx_map::CtxEntry for Nid {