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fising spec

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mlokr 2024-05-12 20:14:46 +02:00
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spec.md
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@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ of offset in the code. Not from the beginning of current or following instructio
## Rounding modes ## Rounding modes
| Rounding mode | Value | | Rounding mode | Value |
fn():------| |:-------------------------|:------|
| To nearest, ties to even | 0b00 | | To nearest, ties to even | 0b00 |
| Towards 0 (truncate) | 0b01 | | Towards 0 (truncate) | 0b01 |
| Towards +∞ (up) | 0b10 | | Towards +∞ (up) | 0b10 |
@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Program counter stays on the currently executed instruction
- Type `N` - Type `N`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Action | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Action |
fn():--------------------------------------------| |:-------|:---------|:--------------------------------------------|
| 0x00 | UN | Throw unreachable code exception | | 0x00 | UN | Throw unreachable code exception |
| 0x01 | TX | Terminate execution (eg. on end of program) | | 0x01 | TX | Terminate execution (eg. on end of program) |
| 0x02 | NOP | Do nothing | | 0x02 | NOP | Do nothing |
@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ fn():--------------------------------------------|
## Addition (`+`) ## Addition (`+`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x03 | ADD8 | Xi8 | | 0x03 | ADD8 | Xi8 |
| 0x04 | ADD16 | Xi16 | | 0x04 | ADD16 | Xi16 |
| 0x05 | ADD32 | Xi32 | | 0x05 | ADD32 | Xi32 |
@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ fn():-----|
## Subtraction (`-`) ## Subtraction (`-`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x07 | SUB8 | Xi8 | | 0x07 | SUB8 | Xi8 |
| 0x08 | SUB16 | Xi16 | | 0x08 | SUB16 | Xi16 |
| 0x09 | SUB32 | Xi32 | | 0x09 | SUB32 | Xi32 |
@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ fn():-----|
## Multiplication (`*`) ## Multiplication (`*`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x0B | MUL8 | Xi8 | | 0x0B | MUL8 | Xi8 |
| 0x0C | MUL16 | Xi16 | | 0x0C | MUL16 | Xi16 |
| 0x0D | MUL32 | Xi32 | | 0x0D | MUL32 | Xi32 |
@ -124,14 +124,14 @@ fn():-----|
## Bitwise ops (type: Xi64) ## Bitwise ops (type: Xi64)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation |
fn():--------------------| |:-------|:---------|:--------------------|
| 0x0F | AND | Conjunction (&) | | 0x0F | AND | Conjunction (&) |
| 0x10 | OR | Disjunction (\|) | | 0x10 | OR | Disjunction (\|) |
| 0x11 | XOR | Non-equivalence (^) | | 0x11 | XOR | Non-equivalence (^) |
## Unsigned left bitshift (`<<`) ## Unsigned left bitshift (`<<`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x12 | SLU8 | Ui8 | | 0x12 | SLU8 | Ui8 |
| 0x13 | SLU16 | Ui16 | | 0x13 | SLU16 | Ui16 |
| 0x14 | SLU32 | Ui32 | | 0x14 | SLU32 | Ui32 |
@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ fn():-----|
## Unsigned right bitshift (`>>`) ## Unsigned right bitshift (`>>`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x16 | SRU8 | Ui8 | | 0x16 | SRU8 | Ui8 |
| 0x17 | SRU16 | Ui16 | | 0x17 | SRU16 | Ui16 |
| 0x18 | SRU32 | Ui32 | | 0x18 | SRU32 | Ui32 |
@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ fn():-----|
## Signed right bitshift (`>>`) ## Signed right bitshift (`>>`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x1A | SRS8 | Si8 | | 0x1A | SRS8 | Si8 |
| 0x1B | SRS16 | Si16 | | 0x1B | SRS16 | Si16 |
| 0x1C | SRS32 | Si32 | | 0x1C | SRS32 | Si32 |
@ -158,13 +158,13 @@ fn():-----|
- Operation: `#0 ← #1 <=> #2` - Operation: `#0 ← #1 <=> #2`
| Ordering | Number | | Ordering | Number |
fn():-------| |:---------|:-------|
| < | -1 | | < | -1 |
| = | 0 | | = | 0 |
| > | 1 | | > | 1 |
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x1E | CMPU | Ui64 | | 0x1E | CMPU | Ui64 |
| 0x1F | CMPS | Si64 | | 0x1F | CMPS | Si64 |
@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ fn():-----|
- `#1 ← #2` - `#1 ← #2`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x20 | DIRU8 | Ui8 | | 0x20 | DIRU8 | Ui8 |
| 0x21 | DIRU16 | Ui16 | | 0x21 | DIRU16 | Ui16 |
| 0x22 | DIRU32 | Ui32 | | 0x22 | DIRU32 | Ui32 |
@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ fn():-----|
- Operation: `#0 ← <OP> #1` - Operation: `#0 ← <OP> #1`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation |
fn():-------------------------| |:-------|:---------|:-------------------------|
| 0x28 | NEG | Bitwise complement (`~`) | | 0x28 | NEG | Bitwise complement (`~`) |
| 0x29 | NOT | Logical negation (`!`) | | 0x29 | NOT | Logical negation (`!`) |
@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ fn():-------------------------|
- Operation: `#0 ← Si64(#1)` - Operation: `#0 ← Si64(#1)`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Source type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Source type |
fn():------------| |:-------|:---------|:------------|
| 0x2A | SXT8 | Si8 | | 0x2A | SXT8 | Si8 |
| 0x2B | SXT16 | Si16 | | 0x2B | SXT16 | Si16 |
| 0x2C | SXT32 | Si32 | | 0x2C | SXT32 | Si32 |
@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ fn():------------|
## Addition (`+`) ## Addition (`+`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x2D | ADDI8 | Xi8 | | 0x2D | ADDI8 | Xi8 |
| 0x2E | ADDI16 | Xi16 | | 0x2E | ADDI16 | Xi16 |
| 0x2F | ADDI32 | Xi32 | | 0x2F | ADDI32 | Xi32 |
@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ fn():-----|
## Multiplication (`*`) ## Multiplication (`*`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x31 | MULI8 | Xi8 | | 0x31 | MULI8 | Xi8 |
| 0x32 | MULI16 | Xi16 | | 0x32 | MULI16 | Xi16 |
| 0x33 | MULI32 | Xi32 | | 0x33 | MULI32 | Xi32 |
@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ fn():-----|
## Bitwise ops (type: Xi64) ## Bitwise ops (type: Xi64)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation |
fn():--------------------| |:-------|:---------|:--------------------|
| 0x35 | ANDI | Conjunction (&) | | 0x35 | ANDI | Conjunction (&) |
| 0x36 | ORI | Disjunction (\|) | | 0x36 | ORI | Disjunction (\|) |
| 0x37 | XORI | Non-equivalence (^) | | 0x37 | XORI | Non-equivalence (^) |
@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ fn():--------------------|
## Unsigned left bitshift (`<<`) ## Unsigned left bitshift (`<<`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x38 | SLUI8 | Ui8 | | 0x38 | SLUI8 | Ui8 |
| 0x39 | SLUI16 | Ui16 | | 0x39 | SLUI16 | Ui16 |
| 0x3A | SLUI32 | Ui32 | | 0x3A | SLUI32 | Ui32 |
@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ fn():-----|
## Unsigned right bitshift (`>>`) ## Unsigned right bitshift (`>>`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x3C | SRUI8 | Ui8 | | 0x3C | SRUI8 | Ui8 |
| 0x3D | SRUI16 | Ui16 | | 0x3D | SRUI16 | Ui16 |
| 0x3E | SRUI32 | Ui32 | | 0x3E | SRUI32 | Ui32 |
@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ fn():-----|
## Signed right bitshift (`>>`) ## Signed right bitshift (`>>`)
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x40 | SRSI8 | Si8 | | 0x40 | SRSI8 | Si8 |
| 0x41 | SRSI16 | Si16 | | 0x41 | SRSI16 | Si16 |
| 0x42 | SRSI32 | Si32 | | 0x42 | SRSI32 | Si32 |
@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ fn():-----|
- Comparsion table same for register-register one - Comparsion table same for register-register one
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x44 | CMPUI | Ui64 | | 0x44 | CMPUI | Ui64 |
| 0x45 | CMPSI | Si64 | | 0x45 | CMPSI | Si64 |
@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ fn():-----|
- Type: `RR` - Type: `RR`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation |
fn():---------------------------------| |:-------|:---------|:---------------------------------|
| 0x46 | CP | Copy register value (`#0 ← #1`) | | 0x46 | CP | Copy register value (`#0 ← #1`) |
| 0x47 | SWA | Swap register values (`#0 ⇆ #1`) | | 0x47 | SWA | Swap register values (`#0 ⇆ #1`) |
@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ fn():---------------------------------|
- Operation: `#0 ← $1` - Operation: `#0 ← $1`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x48 | LI8 | Xi8 | | 0x48 | LI8 | Xi8 |
| 0x49 | LI16 | Xi16 | | 0x49 | LI16 | Xi16 |
| 0x4A | Li32 | Xi32 | | 0x4A | Li32 | Xi32 |
@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ fn():-----|
- Operation: `#0 ← pc + #1 + $2` - Operation: `#0 ← pc + #1 + $2`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | | Opcode | Mnemonic |
fn():---------| |:-------|:---------|
| 0x4C | LRA | | 0x4C | LRA |
# Memory access operations # Memory access operations
@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ fn():---------|
- Computes address from base register and absolute offset - Computes address from base register and absolute offset
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation |
fn():-------------------| |:-------|:---------|:-------------------|
| 0x4D | LD | `#0 ← $3[#1 + $2]` | | 0x4D | LD | `#0 ← $3[#1 + $2]` |
| 0x4E | ST | `$3[#1 + $2] ← #0` | | 0x4E | ST | `$3[#1 + $2] ← #0` |
@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ fn():-------------------|
- Computes address from register and offset from program counter - Computes address from register and offset from program counter
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation |
fn():------------------------| |:-------|:---------|:------------------------|
| 0x4F | LDR | `#0 ← $3[pc + #1 + $2]` | | 0x4F | LDR | `#0 ← $3[pc + #1 + $2]` |
| 0x50 | STR | `$3[pc + #1 + $2] ← #0` | | 0x50 | STR | `$3[pc + #1 + $2] ← #0` |
@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ fn():------------------------|
- Copies block of `$3` bytes from memory location on address on `#0` to `#1` - Copies block of `$3` bytes from memory location on address on `#0` to `#1`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation |
fn():------------------| |:-------|:---------|:------------------|
| 0x51 | BMC | `$3[#1] ← $3[x0]` | | 0x51 | BMC | `$3[#1] ← $3[x0]` |
# Block register copy # Block register copy
@ -340,14 +340,14 @@ fn():------------------|
- Copying over the 256 registers causes an exception - Copying over the 256 registers causes an exception
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation |
fn():--------------| |:-------|:---------|:--------------|
| 0x52 | BRC | `$3#1 ← $3#0` | | 0x52 | BRC | `$3#1 ← $3#0` |
# Relative jump # Relative jump
- Type: `O` - Type: `O`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation |
fn():---------------| |:-------|:---------|:---------------|
| 0x53 | JMP | `pc ← pc + $0` | | 0x53 | JMP | `pc ← pc + $0` |
# Linking jump # Linking jump
@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ fn():---------------|
- Jump to specified address - Jump to specified address
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Instruction type | Address | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Instruction type | Address |
fn():-------------------------| |:-------|:---------|:------------------|:-------------------------|
| 0x54 | JAL | RRO (size = 6 B) | Relative, `pc + #1 + $2` | | 0x54 | JAL | RRO (size = 6 B) | Relative, `pc + #1 + $2` |
| 0x55 | JALA | RRA (size = 10 B) | Absolute, `#1 + $2` | | 0x55 | JALA | RRA (size = 10 B) | Absolute, `#1 + $2` |
@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ fn():-------------------------|
- Operation: `if #0 <CMP> #1 { pc ← pc + $2 }` - Operation: `if #0 <CMP> #1 { pc ← pc + $2 }`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Condition | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Condition | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-------------------|:-----|
| 0x56 | JEQ | Equals (`=`) | Xi64 | | 0x56 | JEQ | Equals (`=`) | Xi64 |
| 0x57 | JNE | Not-equals (`≠`) | Xi64 | | 0x57 | JNE | Not-equals (`≠`) | Xi64 |
| 0x58 | JLTU | Less-than (`<`) | Ui64 | | 0x58 | JLTU | Less-than (`<`) | Ui64 |
@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ fn():-----|
- Type: `N` - Type: `N`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Trap type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Trap type |
fn():-----------------| |:-------|:---------|:-----------------|
| 0x5C | ECA | Environment call | | 0x5C | ECA | Environment call |
| 0x5D | EBP | Breakpoint | | 0x5D | EBP | Breakpoint |
@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ fn():-----------------|
- Operation: `#0 ← #1 <OP> #2` - Operation: `#0 ← #1 <OP> #2`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Operation | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:---------------------|:-----|
| 0x5E | FADD32 | Addition (`+`) | Fl32 | | 0x5E | FADD32 | Addition (`+`) | Fl32 |
| 0x5F | FADD64 | Addition (`+`) | Fl64 | | 0x5F | FADD64 | Addition (`+`) | Fl64 |
| 0x60 | FSUB32 | Subtraction (`-`) | Fl32 | | 0x60 | FSUB32 | Subtraction (`-`) | Fl32 |
@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ fn():-----|
- Operation: `#0 ← (#1 * #2) + #3` - Operation: `#0 ← (#1 * #2) + #3`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x66 | FMA32 | Fl32 | | 0x66 | FMA32 | Fl32 |
| 0x67 | FMA64 | Fl64 | | 0x67 | FMA64 | Fl64 |
@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ fn():-----|
- NaN is less-than/greater-than depends on variant - NaN is less-than/greater-than depends on variant
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | NaN is | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | NaN is |
fn():-------| |:-------|:---------|:-----|:-------|
| 0x6A | FCMPLT32 | Fl32 | < | | 0x6A | FCMPLT32 | Fl32 | < |
| 0x6B | FCMPLT64 | Fl64 | < | | 0x6B | FCMPLT64 | Fl64 | < |
| 0x6C | FCMPGT32 | Fl32 | > | | 0x6C | FCMPGT32 | Fl32 | > |
@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ fn():-------|
- Operation: `#0 ← Fl<SIZE>(#1)` - Operation: `#0 ← Fl<SIZE>(#1)`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x6E | ITF32 | Fl32 | | 0x6E | ITF32 | Fl32 |
| 0x6F | ITF64 | Fl64 | | 0x6F | ITF64 | Fl64 |
@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ fn():-----|
- Immediate `$2` specifies rounding mode - Immediate `$2` specifies rounding mode
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type |
fn():-----| |:-------|:---------|:-----|
| 0x70 | FTI32 | Fl32 | | 0x70 | FTI32 | Fl32 |
| 0x71 | FTI64 | Fl64 | | 0x71 | FTI64 | Fl64 |
@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ fn():-----|
- Operation: `#0 ← Fl64(#1)` - Operation: `#0 ← Fl64(#1)`
| Opcode | Mnemonic | | Opcode | Mnemonic |
fn():---------| |:-------|:---------|
| 0x72 | FC32T64 | | 0x72 | FC32T64 |
# Fl64 to Fl32 # Fl64 to Fl32
@ -455,13 +455,13 @@ fn():---------|
- Immediate `$2` specified rounding mode - Immediate `$2` specified rounding mode
| Opcode | Mnemonic | | Opcode | Mnemonic |
fn():---------| |:-------|:---------|
| 0x73 | FC64T32 | | 0x73 | FC64T32 |
# 16-bit relative address instruction variants # 16-bit relative address instruction variants
| Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | Variant of | | Opcode | Mnemonic | Type | Variant of |
fn():-----------| |:-------|:---------|:-----|:-----------|
| 0x74 | LRA16 | RRP | LRA | | 0x74 | LRA16 | RRP | LRA |
| 0x75 | LDR16 | RRPH | LDR | | 0x75 | LDR16 | RRPH | LDR |
| 0x76 | STR16 | RRPH | STR | | 0x76 | STR16 | RRPH | STR |
@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ fn():-----------|
- One byte is 8 bits - One byte is 8 bits
| C Type | Description | Byte sizes | | C Type | Description | Byte sizes |
fn():-----------| |:------------|:-------------------------|:-----------|
| char | Character / byte | 1 | | char | Character / byte | 1 |
| short | Short integer | 2 | | short | Short integer | 2 |
| int | Integer | 4 | | int | Integer | 4 |
@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ fn():-----------|
- Registers r32 – r255 are callee saved - Registers r32 – r255 are callee saved
| Register | Description | Saver | | Register | Description | Saver |
fn():-------| |:-----------|:--------------------|:-------|
| r0 | Hard-wired zero | N/A | | r0 | Hard-wired zero | N/A |
| r1 - r2 | Return values | Caller | | r1 - r2 | Return values | Caller |
| r2 - r11 | Function parameters | Caller | | r2 - r11 | Function parameters | Caller |