labels now have bg/fg color

circle rendering
Reviewed-on: https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/ableos/pulls/18
Co-authored-by: peony <peony@email.com>
Co-committed-by: peony <peony@email.com>

.cargo/config.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 [alias]
-repbuild = "run --manifest-path ./repbuild/Cargo.toml -r --"
+repbuild = "run --manifest-path ./repbuild/Cargo.toml -- "
 dev = "run --manifest-path ./dev/Cargo.toml -r --"

HELP.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+### What are the requirements?
+- A machine with [Rustc Tier 1 platform support](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html#tier-1-with-host-tools)
+- Rustup
+- QEMU (for executing)
+- GIT CLI
+
+### How do I run ableos?
+- It is recommended to run ableos under QEMU. Here is how:
+    - Install QEMU
+    - Clone ableos
+    - Go to ableos directory
+    - Pull the limine submodule with `git submodule update --init`
+    - Run `cargo repbuild help`
+
+### How can I contribute?
+- [Contribute code](#how-do-i-contribute-code)
+- [Run ableos on your machine](#how-do-i-run-ableos)
+- Find bugs
+- Create media showing ableos
+
+### How do I contribute code?
+- Start by forking ableos
+- Write something that runs in the userspace, for example:
+    - System drivers
+    - Programs
+    - Libraries
+- Patch bugs and improve code in the kernel
+- Ensure that the code is OK to be maintained by asking in the [discord](https://discord.gg/t5Wt3K4YNA)
+- When you have finished your changes, you can submit a pull request for review [here](https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos)
+
+### repbuild and kernel compile, but QEMU isn't starting
+- Ensure you have the `qemu-desktop-{arch}` for your OS and target architecture installed
+- Try running again with `--noaccel` if you have QEMU already
+
+### I have run using repbuild but it's slow
+- Ensure release mode is enabled with the `-r` flag
+- Remove the `--noaccel` flag if you can
+- If both of these are already done, there may be a problem with thee VM, kernel, your program, or the hblang compiler
+
+### Compiler is complaining about "reg id leaked"
+- [Submit](#how-do-i-report-a-compiler-bug) an issue, reg id leaked is a bug
+
+### My program isn't running
+- Refer to [here](#i-have-run-using-repbuild-but-its-slow), it may be that your program is simply starting slowly
+- Ensure that your program has a properly written meta.toml file
+- Ensure that your program is enabled in [system_config.toml](sysdata/system_config.toml)
+- Try running again with `--noaccel`, there is a known bug with some systems that prevents programs from starting.
+
+### Kernel panic??? Huh???
+- Kernel panics can be caused by improperly using memory (e.g, writing out of bounds)
+- Kernel panics are most likely to be caused when accessing memory or using `@eca` for kernel ecalls
+- [Report](#how-do-i-report-an-ableos-bug) a kernel panic
+
+### I am running in release mode but I have no debug info
+- Add the `-d` flag for debug info
+
+### What is `@eca`? How do I use it?
+- Eca is an ecall. They are similar to syscalls
+- The `@eca` directive takes the following arguments:
+    - `@eca(ecall_number, reg_1, ..., reg_n)`
+- The various ecalls have different arguments that are given by register values
+- Most ecalls are wrapped by `stn`, for example, `random`, `buffer`, and `memory` all make use of ecalls
+- All ecalls can be found [ecah.rs](kernel/src/holeybytes/ecah.rs)
+
+### How do I report an ableos bug?
+- Submit an issue [here](https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos/issues) or report it in the [discord](https://discord.gg/t5Wt3K4YNA)
+
+### How do I report a compiler bug?
+- Submit an issue [here](https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/holey-bytes/issues) or report it in the [discord](https://discord.gg/t5Wt3K4YNA)

README.md

@@ -10,15 +10,7 @@ Donations can be made [here on Liberapay](https://liberapay.com/AbleTheAbove) or
 <img src="https://img.shields.io/liberapay/patrons/AbleTheAbove.svg?logo=liberapay">
 
 # Compiling
-AbleOS should be able to be built on any platform which is supported by
-[Rustc Tier 1 platform support](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html#tier-1-with-host-tools).
-
-For running AbleOS, `repbuild` uses QEMU.
-
-## Steps
-1. Ensure you have qemu installed
-2. `git submodule update --init`
-3. `cargo repbuild run`
+See [HELP.md](HELP.md)
 
 # Developing
-There is a new work in progress developer tool for hblang. 
+There is a new work in progress developer tool for hblang. (see: dev folder)

dev/src/main.rs

@@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ fn build(name: String) {
     }
 }
 
-pub fn build_program(name: String) {}
-pub fn build_library(name: String) {}
+pub fn build_program(_name: String) {}
+pub fn build_library(_name: String) {}
 
 fn help() {
     println!(

kernel/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -4,6 +4,3 @@ build-std-features = ["compiler-builtins-mem"]
 
 [build]
 target = "./targets/x86_64-ableos.json"
-
-[target.'cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")']
-rustflags = ["-C", "target-feature=+rdrand"]

kernel/Cargo.toml

@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@ version = "0.2.0"
 
 
 [dependencies]
-embedded-graphics = "0.8"
-hbvm.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/holey-bytes.git"
+# embedded-graphics = "0.8"
+hbvm = { git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/holey-bytes.git", features = [
+	"nightly",
+] }
 log = "0.4"
 spin = "0.9"
 slab = { version = "0.4", default-features = false }
@@ -14,21 +16,14 @@ uart_16550 = { version = "0.3", features = ["nightly"] }
 xml.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
 versioning.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
 # able_graphics_library.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
-hashbrown = { version = "0.14", features = ["nightly"] }
-
-[dependencies.limine]
-version = "0.1"
-#git = "https://github.com/limine-bootloader/limine-rs"
+hashbrown = { version = "0.15", features = ["nightly"] }
+limine = "0.1"
 
 [dependencies.crossbeam-queue]
 version = "0.3"
 default-features = false
 features = ["alloc", "nightly"]
 
-# [dependencies.clparse]
-# git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
-# default-features = false
-
 [dependencies.derive_more]
 version = "1"
 default-features = false
@@ -49,7 +44,7 @@ features = [
 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")'.dependencies]
 x86_64 = "0.15"
 x2apic = "0.4"
-virtio-drivers = "0.7"
+# virtio-drivers = "0.7"
 
 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "riscv64")'.dependencies]
 sbi = "0.2.0"

kernel/lds/x86_64.ld

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ SECTIONS
 
     .data : {
         *(.data .data.*)
+        *(.got .got.*)
     } :data
 
     .bss : {

kernel/src/arch/aarch64/device_info_collector.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 use {
-    crate::{alloc::string::ToString, device_tree::DeviceTree, kmain::DEVICE_TREE},
-    alloc::string::String,
+    crate::{device_tree::DeviceTree, kmain::DEVICE_TREE},
     core::arch::asm,
     xml::XMLElement,
 };
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ fn collect_cpu_info(device_tree: &mut DeviceTree) {
     cpus.push(cpu);
 }
 
-fn cpu_id() -> (String, u64) {
+fn cpu_id<'a>() -> (&'a str, u64) {
     let mut cpu_id: u64;
     unsafe {
         asm!("mrs {cpu_id}, MIDR_EL1",
@@ -39,11 +38,11 @@ fn cpu_id() -> (String, u64) {
     let cpu_name = match cpu_id {
         // the source of these two was a stackoverflow question
         // https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/117175/how-do-i-read-the-cpuid-in-aarch64-asm
-        0x410FD034 => "Cortex-A53".to_string(),
-        0x410FD083 => "Cortex-A72".to_string(),
+        0x410FD034 => "Cortex-A53",
+        0x410FD083 => "Cortex-A72",
         // the source of this one was checking the cpu id :thinking:
-        0x410FD493 => "Neoverse N2".to_string(),
-        _ => "Unknown".to_string(),
+        0x410FD493 => "Neoverse N2",
+        _ => "Unknown",
     };
     log::trace!("CPU Name: {cpu_name} - CPU ID: 0x{:X}", cpu_id);
 

kernel/src/arch/aarch64/logging.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ pub static SERIAL_CONSOLE: Mutex<SerialConsole> = Mutex::new(SerialConsole {
     uart: 0x09000000 as *mut u8,
 });
 
-struct SerialConsole {
+pub struct SerialConsole {
     uart: *mut u8,
 }
 

kernel/src/arch/mod.rs

@@ -14,3 +14,29 @@ arch_cond!(
     riscv64: "riscv64",
     x86_64: "x86_64",
 );
+
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+use {crate::arch::interrupts::Interrupt, alloc::string::String};
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+pub struct InterruptList {
+    list: HashMap<Interrupt, String>,
+}
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+use hashbrown::HashMap;
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+impl InterruptList {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            list: HashMap::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+use spin::{Lazy, Mutex};
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+pub static INTERRUPT_LIST: Lazy<Mutex<InterruptList>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+    let mut il = InterruptList::new();
+    use crate::alloc::string::ToString;
+    il.list.insert(Interrupt::Timer, "PS/2 Mouse".to_string());
+    Mutex::new(il)
+});

kernel/src/arch/x86_64/interrupts.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ static mut LAPIC: LocalApic = unsafe { MaybeUninit::zeroed().assume_init() };
 static mut IDT: InterruptDescriptorTable = unsafe { MaybeUninit::zeroed().assume_init() };
 
 #[repr(u8)]
-enum Interrupt {
+#[derive(Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
+
+pub enum Interrupt {
     Timer = 32,
     ApicErr = u8::MAX - 1,
     Spurious = u8::MAX,
@@ -60,17 +62,49 @@ extern "x86-interrupt" fn page_fault(
 }
 
 extern "x86-interrupt" fn timer(_isf: InterruptStackFrame) {
+    // interrupt(Interrupt::Timer);
+
     unsafe {
         LAPIC.end_of_interrupt();
     }
 }
 
 extern "x86-interrupt" fn apic_err(_: InterruptStackFrame) {
+    interrupt(Interrupt::ApicErr);
+
     panic!("Internal APIC error");
 }
 
 extern "x86-interrupt" fn spurious(_: InterruptStackFrame) {
+    interrupt(Interrupt::Spurious);
+
     unsafe {
         LAPIC.end_of_interrupt();
     }
 }
+
+fn interrupt(interrupt_type: Interrupt) {
+    use crate::arch::INTERRUPT_LIST;
+    let il = INTERRUPT_LIST.lock();
+    let val = il.list.get(&interrupt_type).unwrap();
+
+    use crate::holeybytes::kernel_services::service_definition_service::sds_search_service;
+    let buffer = sds_search_service(val);
+    if buffer != 0 {
+        use {crate::kmain::IPC_BUFFERS, alloc::vec::Vec};
+        let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
+        match buffs.get_mut(&buffer) {
+            Some(buff) => {
+                let mut msg_vec = Vec::new();
+                msg_vec.push(0xFF);
+                buff.push(msg_vec.to_vec());
+                log::debug!("Sent Message {:?} to Buffer({})", msg_vec, buffer);
+            }
+            None => {
+                log::error!("Access of non-existent buffer {}", buffer)
+            }
+        }
+
+        // log::info!("{}", buffer);
+    }
+}

kernel/src/arch/x86_64/mod.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ pub mod graphics;
 pub(crate) mod interrupts;
 pub mod logging;
 pub mod pci;
-pub mod virtio;
+// pub mod virtio;
 
 pub use {logging::log, memory::PAGE_SIZE};
 
@@ -30,9 +30,11 @@ const INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE: *const () = _initial_kernel_heap_size as _;
 
 #[no_mangle]
 #[naked]
+#[cfg(not(target_feature = "avx2"))]
 unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
-    // Initialise SSE and jump to kernel entrypoint
-    core::arch::asm!(
+    // Initialise SSE, then jump to kernel entrypoint
+    core::arch::naked_asm!(
+        // Initialise SSE
         "mov rax, cr0",
         "and ax, 0xfffb",
         "or ax, 0x2",
@@ -40,16 +42,74 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
         "mov rax, cr4",
         "or ax, 3 << 9",
         "mov cr4, rax",
+
+        // Jump to the kernel entry point
         "jmp {}",
         sym start,
-        options(noreturn),
     )
 }
 
+#[no_mangle]
+#[naked]
+#[cfg(target_feature = "avx2")]
+unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
+    core::arch::naked_asm!(
+        // Enable protected mode and configure control registers
+        "mov rax, cr0",
+        "and ax, 0xFFFB",  // Clear CR0.EM (bit 2) for coprocessor emulation
+        "or ax, 0x2",      // Set CR0.MP (bit 1) for coprocessor monitoring
+        "mov cr0, rax",
+
+        "mov rax, cr4",
+        "or ax, (1 << 9) | (1 << 10)", // Set CR4.OSFXSR (bit 9) and CR4.OSXMMEXCPT (bit 10)
+        "mov cr4, rax",
+
+        // Enable OSXSAVE (required for AVX, AVX2, and XSAVE)
+        "mov rax, cr4",
+        "or eax, 1 << 18", // Set CR4.OSXSAVE (bit 18)
+        "mov cr4, rax",
+
+        // Enable AVX and AVX2 state saving
+        "xor rcx, rcx",
+        "xgetbv",
+        "or eax, 7",       // Enable SSE, AVX, and AVX2 state saving
+        "xsetbv",
+
+        // Check for AVX and XSAVE support
+        "mov eax, 1",
+        "cpuid",
+        "and ecx, 0x18000000",
+        "cmp ecx, 0x18000000",
+        "jne {1}",          // Jump if AVX/OSXSAVE is not supported
+
+        // Check for BMI2 and AVX2 support
+        "mov eax, 7",
+        "xor ecx, ecx",
+        "cpuid",
+        "and ebx, (1 << 8) | (1 << 5)", // Check BMI2 (bit 8) and AVX2 (bit 5)
+        "cmp ebx, (1 << 8) | (1 << 5)", // Compare to ensure both are supported
+
+        // Check for LZCNT and POPCNT support
+        "mov eax, 1",
+        "cpuid",
+        "and ecx, (1 << 5) | (1 << 23)", // Check LZCNT (bit 5) and POPCNT (bit 23)
+        "cmp ecx, (1 << 5) | (1 << 23)", // Compare to ensure both are supported
+
+        // Jump to the kernel entry point
+        "jmp {0}",
+        sym start,
+        sym oops,
+    )
+}
+
+unsafe extern "C" fn oops() -> ! {
+    panic!("your cpu is ancient >:(")
+}
+
 unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
     logging::init();
     crate::logger::init().expect("failed to set logger");
-    log::info!("Initialising AKern {}", crate::VERSION);
+    log::debug!("Initialising AKern {}", crate::VERSION);
 
     static HDHM_REQ: HhdmRequest = HhdmRequest::new(0);
     memory::init_pt(VirtAddr::new(
@@ -128,7 +188,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
     // TODO: Add in rdseed and rdrand as sources for randomness
     let _rand = xml::XMLElement::new("Random");
 
-    log::trace!("Getting boot modules");
+    log::debug!("Getting boot modules");
     let bm = MOD_REQ.get_response().get();
 
     let mut bootmodules = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
@@ -166,7 +226,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
                 break;
             }
         }
-        log::info!("Boot module count: {:?}", bootmodules.len());
+        log::debug!("Boot module count: {:?}", bootmodules.len());
         assert_eq!(bm.module_count, bootmodules.len() as u64);
     }
 
@@ -189,6 +249,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
 /// Spin loop
 pub fn spin_loop() -> ! {
     loop {
+        core::hint::spin_loop();
         x86_64::instructions::hlt()
     }
 }

kernel/src/arch/x86_64/pci/mod.rs

@@ -8,13 +8,12 @@ pub struct PciDeviceInfo {
     pub full_class: PciFullClass,
     pub rev_id: u8,
 }
-use crate::alloc::string::ToString;
 
 /// Enumerate PCI devices and run initialisation routines on ones we support
 pub fn init(device_tree: &mut DeviceTree) {
     device_tree
         .devices
-        .insert("Unidentified PCI".to_string(), alloc::vec![]);
+        .insert("Unidentified PCI", alloc::vec![]);
     let mut devices = alloc::vec![];
 
     for bus in 0..=255 {
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ pub fn init(device_tree: &mut DeviceTree) {
                 pci_info.set_attribute("device", device_info.device);
                 pci_info.set_attribute("vendor", vendor);
                 pci_info.set_attribute("bus", bus);
-                pci_info.set_attribute("class", device_info.full_class.to_string());
+                pci_info.set_attribute("class", device_info.full_class);
                 dev.set_child(pci_info);
                 devices.push((dev_type, dev));
             }
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ pub fn check_device(bus: u8, device: u8) -> Option<PciDeviceInfo> {
     }
 
     let (reg2, addr) = unsafe { pci_config_read_2(bus, device, 0, 0x8) };
-    log::info!("pci device-({}) addr {} is {}", device, addr, reg2);
+    log::debug!("pci device-({}) addr {} is {}", device, addr, reg2);
     let class = ((reg2 >> 16) & 0x0000_FFFF) as u16;
     let pci_class = PciFullClass::from_u16(class);
     let header_type = get_header_type(bus, device, 0);

kernel/src/arch/x86_64/virtio/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use {
-    core::{ptr::NonNull},
+    core::ptr::NonNull,
     virtio_drivers::{BufferDirection, Hal, PhysAddr},
 };
 

kernel/src/device_tree/mod.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
 //! A tree of hardware devices
 
-use {
-    crate::alloc::string::ToString,
-    alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec},
-    core::fmt,
-    hashbrown::HashMap,
-};
+use {alloc::vec::Vec, core::fmt, hashbrown::HashMap};
 
 /// A device object.
 /// TODO define device
@@ -14,11 +9,11 @@ pub type Device = xml::XMLElement;
 /// A tree of devices
 // TODO: alphabetize this list
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct DeviceTree {
+pub struct DeviceTree<'a> {
     /// The device tree
-    pub devices: HashMap<String, Vec<Device>>,
+    pub devices: HashMap<&'a str, Vec<Device>>,
 }
-impl DeviceTree {
+impl<'a> DeviceTree<'a> {
     /// Build the device tree. Does not populate the device tree
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         let mut dt = Self {
@@ -47,7 +42,7 @@ impl DeviceTree {
     }
 }
 use crate::{device_tree, tab, utils::TAB};
-impl fmt::Display for DeviceTree {
+impl<'a> fmt::Display for DeviceTree<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         writeln!(f)?;
         for (device_type, devices) in &self.devices {

kernel/src/holeybytes/ecah.rs

@@ -1,21 +1,40 @@
 //! Environment call handling routines
 
-use crate::holeybytes::kernel_services::{
+use {alloc::boxed::Box, core::cell::LazyCell, hbvm::mem::Address};
+
+use crate::{
+    holeybytes::{
+        kernel_services::{
             block_read, dt_msg_handler::dt_msg_handler, logging_service::log_msg_handler,
             service_definition_service::sds_msg_handler,
+        },
+        ExecThread,
+    },
+    kmain::EXECUTOR,
+    task::Executor,
 };
 
 use {
     super::Vm,
     crate::{arch, ipc::buffer::IpcBuffer, kmain::IPC_BUFFERS},
+    hbvm::value::Value,
     log::{debug, error, info, trace},
 };
 
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+#[inline(always)]
+unsafe fn x86_out<T: x86_64::instructions::port::PortWrite>(address: u16, value: T) {
+    x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).write(value);
+}
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+#[inline(always)]
+unsafe fn x86_in<T: x86_64::instructions::port::PortRead>(address: u16) -> T {
+    x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).read()
+}
+
+#[inline(always)]
 pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
     let ecall_number = vm.registers[2].cast::<u64>();
-    // log::info!("eca called :pensive:");
-    // debug!("Ecall number {:?}", ecall_number);
-    //info!("Register dump: {:?}", vm.registers);
 
     match ecall_number {
         0 => {
@@ -28,9 +47,9 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
         1 => {
             // Make buffer
 
-            let bounded = match vm.registers[3].cast::<u64>() {
-                0 => false,
-                1 => true,
+            let bounded = match vm.registers[3] {
+                Value(0) => false,
+                Value(1) => true,
                 _ => {
                     panic!("Bad");
                 }
@@ -39,22 +58,19 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
             let length = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
 
             let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
-            let abc;
 
-            match bounded {
-                false => {
-                    abc = IpcBuffer::new(false, 0);
-                }
-                true => {
-                    abc = IpcBuffer::new(true, length);
-                }
-            };
             let buff_id = arch::hardware_random_u64();
-            buffs.insert(buff_id, abc);
-            info!("Buffer ID: {}", buff_id);
+            buffs.insert(
+                buff_id,
+                match bounded {
+                    false => IpcBuffer::new(false, 0),
+                    true => IpcBuffer::new(true, length),
+                },
+            );
             vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(buff_id);
         }
         2 => {
+            log::error!("Oops, deleting buffers is not implemented.")
             // Delete buffer
         }
         3 => {
@@ -63,7 +79,6 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
             let mem_addr = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
             let length = vm.registers[5].cast::<u64>() as usize;
             trace!("IPC address: {:?}", mem_addr);
-            use alloc::vec::Vec;
 
             match buffer_id {
                 0 => match sds_msg_handler(vm, mem_addr, length) {
@@ -81,25 +96,15 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
                         Err(_) => {}
                     }
                 }
-                #[cfg(not(target_arch = "x86_64"))]
-                3 => info!("TODO: implement whatever buffer 3 does for no x86_64"),
                 #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
                 3 => {
-                    unsafe fn x86_out<T: x86_64::instructions::port::PortWrite>(
-                        address: u16,
-                        value: T,
-                    ) {
-                        x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).write(value);
-                    }
-                    unsafe fn x86_in<T: x86_64::instructions::port::PortRead>(address: u16) -> T {
-                        x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).read()
-                    }
                     let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
                     let msg_type = msg_vec[0];
                     match msg_type {
                         0 => unsafe {
                             let size = msg_vec[1];
-                            let addr = u16::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[2..4].try_into().unwrap());
+                            let addr =
+                                u16::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[2..4].try_into().unwrap_unchecked());
                             let value = match size {
                                 0 => x86_in::<u8>(addr) as u64,
                                 1 => x86_in::<u16>(addr) as u64,
@@ -111,7 +116,8 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
                         },
                         1 => unsafe {
                             let size = msg_vec[1];
-                            let addr = u16::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[2..4].try_into().unwrap());
+                            let addr =
+                                u16::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[2..4].try_into().unwrap_unchecked());
                             // info!("Setting address {}", addr);
 
                             match size {
@@ -134,68 +140,95 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
                 3 => unimplemented!("TODO: implement whatever buffer 3 does for no x86_64"),
                 // source of rng
                 4 => {
-                    // limit to last 32 bits
-                    vm.registers[1] =
-                        hbvm::value::Value(crate::arch::hardware_random_u64() & 0xFFFFFFFF);
+                    let block = block_read(mem_addr, length);
+                    block.chunks_mut(8.min(length)).for_each(|chunk| {
+                        chunk.clone_from_slice(
+                            &crate::arch::hardware_random_u64().to_le_bytes()[..chunk.len()],
+                        );
+                    });
+                    vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(mem_addr);
                 }
                 5 => match dt_msg_handler(vm, mem_addr, length) {
                     Ok(()) => {}
                     Err(_) => log::error!("Improper dt query"),
                 },
+                6 => unsafe {
+                    let program = block_read(mem_addr, length);
+
+                    // decode AbleOS Executable format
+                    let header = &program[0..46];
+                    let magic_slice = &header[0..3];
+                    if magic_slice != [0x15, 0x91, 0xD2] {
+                        log::error!("Invalid magic number at the start of executable.");
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    let executable_format_version =
+                        u32::from_le_bytes(header[3..7].try_into().unwrap());
+                    let offset = if executable_format_version == 0 {
+                        47
+                    } else {
+                        error!("Invalid executable format.");
+                        return;
+                    };
+
+                    let code_length = u64::from_le_bytes(header[7..15].try_into().unwrap());
+                    let data_length = u64::from_le_bytes(header[15..23].try_into().unwrap());
+                    let end = (code_length + data_length) as usize;
+                    log::debug!("{code_length} + {data_length} = {end}");
+
+                    let thr = ExecThread::new(&program[offset..end], Address::new(0));
+                    vm.registers[1] = Value(
+                        LazyCell::<Executor>::get_mut(&mut EXECUTOR)
+                            .unwrap()
+                            .spawn(Box::pin(async move {
+                                if let Err(e) = thr.await {
+                                    log::error!("{e:?}");
+                                }
+                            })) as u64,
+                    );
+                    log::debug!("spawned a process");
+                },
+
                 buffer_id => {
                     let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
                     match buffs.get_mut(&buffer_id) {
                         Some(buff) => {
-                            let mut msg_vec = Vec::with_capacity(length);
-
-                            for x in 0..(length as isize) {
-                                let xyz = mem_addr as *const u8;
-                                let value = unsafe { xyz.offset(x).read() };
-                                msg_vec.push(value);
-                            }
-                            debug!(
-                                "Message {:?} has been sent to Buffer({})",
-                                msg_vec, buffer_id
-                            );
-                            buff.push(msg_vec);
+                            let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
+                            buff.push(msg_vec.to_vec());
+                            debug!("Sent Message {:?} to Buffer({})", msg_vec, buffer_id);
                         }
                         None => {
                             log::error!("Access of non-existent buffer {}", buffer_id)
                         }
                     }
-                    drop(buffs);
                 }
             }
         }
         4 => {
             let buffer_id = vm.registers[3].cast::<u64>();
-            let mut map_ptr = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
+            let map_ptr = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
             let max_length = vm.registers[5].cast::<u64>();
 
             let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
-            let buff: &mut IpcBuffer;
+            let buff: &mut IpcBuffer = match buffs.get_mut(&buffer_id) {
+                Some(buff) => buff,
+                None => panic!(
+                    "Failed to get buffer: id={buffer_id}, ptr={map_ptr}, length={max_length}"
+                ),
+            };
 
-            if buffs.get_mut(&buffer_id).is_some() {
-                buff = buffs.get_mut(&buffer_id).unwrap();
-            } else {
-                // info!("AHHH");
-                vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(0);
-                return;
-            }
-            let pop = buff.pop();
-            if pop.is_err() {
-                return;
-            }
-            let msg = pop.unwrap();
-            if msg.len() > max_length.try_into().unwrap() {
+            let msg = match buff.pop() {
+                Ok(msg) => msg,
+                Err(_) => return,
+            };
+            if msg.len() > unsafe { max_length.try_into().unwrap_unchecked() } {
                 info!("{}", max_length);
                 error!("Message is too long to map in.");
             } else {
                 unsafe {
-                    let ptr: *mut u64 = &mut map_ptr;
-                    for (index, byte) in msg.iter().enumerate() {
-                        ptr.offset(index.try_into().unwrap()).write_bytes(*byte, 1);
-                    }
+                    let ptr = map_ptr as *mut u8;
+                    ptr.copy_from_nonoverlapping(msg.as_ptr(), msg.len());
                 }
 
                 debug!("Recieve {:?} from Buffer({})", msg, buffer_id);
@@ -205,13 +238,7 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
             #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
             {
                 let r2 = vm.registers[2].cast::<u64>();
-                unsafe fn x86_in(address: u16) -> u32 {
-                    x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).read()
-                }
-                unsafe fn x86_out(address: u16, value: u32) {
-                    x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).write(value);
-                }
-                let x = hbvm::value::Value(unsafe { x86_in(r2 as u16) } as u64);
+                let x = hbvm::value::Value(unsafe { x86_in::<u8>(r2 as u16) } as u64);
                 // info!("Read {:?} from Port {:?}", x, r2);
                 vm.registers[3] = x
             }
@@ -227,15 +254,3 @@ pub enum LogError {
     NoMessages,
     InvalidLogFormat,
 }
-
-// use {alloc::vec, log::Record};
-// fn memory_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), LogError> {
-//     let mut val = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
-//     for _ in 0..4096 {
-//         val.push(0);
-//     }
-//     info!("Block address: {:?}", val.as_ptr());
-//     vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(val.as_ptr() as u64);
-//     vm.registers[2] = hbvm::value::Value(4096);
-//     Ok(())
-// }

kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/dt_msg_handler.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 use {
     crate::holeybytes::{kernel_services::block_read, Vm},
-    alloc::{
-        string::{String, ToString},
-        vec::Vec,
-    },
+    alloc::vec::Vec,
 };
 pub enum DtError {
     QueryFailure,
@@ -11,14 +8,13 @@ pub enum DtError {
 
 pub fn dt_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), DtError> {
     let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
-    let mut bytes: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
-    for byte in msg_vec {
-        if *byte == 0 {
-            break;
-        }
-        bytes.push(*byte)
-    }
-    let query_string = String::from_utf8(bytes).unwrap();
+    let query_string = core::str::from_utf8(
+        msg_vec
+            .split_once(|&byte| byte == 0)
+            .unwrap_or((msg_vec, &[]))
+            .0,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
     log::trace!("Query {}", query_string);
 
     let ret = query_parse(query_string);
@@ -29,17 +25,13 @@ pub fn dt_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), D
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn query_parse(query_string: String) -> u64 {
-    let qt_parse_step_one = query_string.split("/");
-    let mut qt_parse_step_two: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
-    for a in qt_parse_step_one {
-        qt_parse_step_two.push(a.to_string());
-    }
+fn query_parse(query_string: &str) -> u64 {
+    let query = query_string.split('/').collect::<Vec<&str>>();
 
-    let first_fragment: &str = &qt_parse_step_two[0];
+    let first_fragment: &str = &query[0];
     let ret = match first_fragment {
-        "framebuffer" => framebuffer_parse(qt_parse_step_two),
-        "cpu" => cpu_parse(qt_parse_step_two),
+        "framebuffer" => framebuffer_parse(query),
+        "cpu" => cpu_parse(query),
 
         _ => 0,
     };
@@ -47,8 +39,8 @@ fn query_parse(query_string: String) -> u64 {
     return ret;
 }
 
-fn cpu_parse(qt_parse_step_two: Vec<String>) -> u64 {
-    let second_fragment: &str = &qt_parse_step_two[1];
+fn cpu_parse(qt_parse_step_two: Vec<&str>) -> u64 {
+    let second_fragment: &str = qt_parse_step_two[1];
     match second_fragment {
         // "architecture" => {
         //     return 0;
@@ -59,15 +51,14 @@ fn cpu_parse(qt_parse_step_two: Vec<String>) -> u64 {
     };
 }
 
-fn framebuffer_parse(qt_parse_step_two: Vec<String>) -> u64 {
+fn framebuffer_parse(qt_parse_step_two: Vec<&str>) -> u64 {
     use crate::kmain::FB_REQ;
-    let fbs = &FB_REQ.get_response().get().unwrap().framebuffers();
-
-    let second_fragment: &str = &qt_parse_step_two[1];
+    let fbs = &mut FB_REQ.get_response().get().unwrap().framebuffers();
+    let second_fragment: &str = qt_parse_step_two[1];
     match second_fragment {
         "fb0" => {
             let fb_front = &fbs[0];
-            let third_fragment: &str = &qt_parse_step_two[2];
+            let third_fragment: &str = qt_parse_step_two[2];
             let ret = match third_fragment {
                 "ptr" => {
                     let ptr = fb_front.address.as_ptr().unwrap();

kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/logging_service.rs

@@ -9,15 +9,8 @@ use log::Record;
 pub fn log_msg_handler(_vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), LogError> {
     let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
 
-    let log_level = msg_vec.last().unwrap();
-
-    let file_name = "None";
-    let line_number = 0;
-
-    match core::str::from_utf8(&msg_vec[..msg_vec.len()]) {
-        Ok(strr) => {
     use log::Level::*;
-            let log_level = match log_level {
+    let log_level = match msg_vec[0] {
         0 | 48 => Error,
         1 | 49 => Warn,
         2 | 50 => Info,
@@ -27,7 +20,19 @@ pub fn log_msg_handler(_vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(),
             return Err(LogError::InvalidLogFormat);
         }
     };
+    if log_level > log::max_level() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+    let strptr = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[1..9].try_into().unwrap());
+    let strlen = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[9..17].try_into().unwrap()) as usize;
 
+    let str = block_read(strptr, strlen);
+
+    let file_name = "None";
+    let line_number = 0;
+
+    match core::str::from_utf8(&str) {
+        Ok(strr) => {
             log::logger().log(
                 &Record::builder()
                     .args(format_args!("{}", strr))

kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/mem_serve.rs

@@ -17,13 +17,28 @@ pub enum MemoryQuotaType {
 }
 
 fn alloc_page(vm: &mut Vm, _mem_addr: u64, _length: usize) -> Result<(), MemoryServiceError> {
-    let ptr = unsafe { alloc(Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(4096, 4096)) };
+    let ptr = unsafe { alloc(Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(4096, 8)) };
     info!("Block address: {:?}", ptr);
     vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ptr as u64);
     vm.registers[2] = hbvm::value::Value(4096);
     Ok(())
 }
 
+#[inline(always)]
+unsafe fn memset(dest: *mut u8, src: *const u8, count: usize, size: usize) {
+    let total_size = count * size;
+    src.copy_to_nonoverlapping(dest, size);
+
+    let mut copied = size;
+
+    while copied < total_size {
+        let copy_size = copied.min(total_size - copied);
+        dest.add(copied).copy_from_nonoverlapping(dest, copy_size);
+        copied += copy_size;
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline(always)]
 pub fn memory_msg_handler(
     vm: &mut Vm,
     mem_addr: u64,
@@ -32,40 +47,35 @@ pub fn memory_msg_handler(
     let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
     let msg_type = msg_vec[0];
     match msg_type {
-        0 => {
+        0 => unsafe {
             let page_count = msg_vec[1];
-            let mptr_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[2..10].try_into().unwrap();
-            let mptr: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(mptr_raw);
 
-            log::debug!("Allocating {} pages @ {:x}", page_count, mptr);
-
-            let ptr = unsafe {
-                alloc(Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(
+            let ptr = alloc(Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(
                 page_count as usize * 4096,
-                    4096,
-                ))
-            };
+                8,
+            ));
+
+            log::debug!("Allocating {} pages @ {:x}", page_count, ptr as u64);
 
             vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ptr as u64);
             log::debug!("Kernel ptr: {:x}", ptr as u64);
-        }
+        },
 
-        1 => {
+        1 => unsafe {
             let page_count = msg_vec[1];
 
             let mptr_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[2..10].try_into().unwrap();
             let mptr: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(mptr_raw);
             log::debug!("Deallocating {} pages @ {:x}", page_count, mptr);
-            unsafe {
+
             dealloc(
                 mptr as *mut u8,
-                    Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(page_count as usize * 4096, 4096),
+                Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(page_count as usize * 4096, 8),
             )
-            }
-        }
+        },
         2 => {
             use MemoryQuotaType::*;
-            let quota_type = match msg_vec[0] {
+            let quota_type = match msg_vec[1] {
                 0 => NoQuota,
                 1 => SoftQuota,
                 2 => HardQuota,
@@ -82,10 +92,24 @@ pub fn memory_msg_handler(
             )
         }
         3 => {
-            let page_count = msg_vec[0];
+            let page_count = msg_vec[1];
             log::debug!(" {} pages", page_count);
         }
+        4 => unsafe {
+            let count = u32::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[1..5].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as usize;
+            let src = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[5..13].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as *const u8;
+            let dest = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[13..21].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as *mut u8;
 
+            src.copy_to_nonoverlapping(dest, count);
+        },
+        5 => unsafe {
+            let count = u32::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[1..5].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as usize;
+            let size = u32::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[5..9].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as usize;
+            let src = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[9..17].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as *const u8;
+            let dest = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[17..25].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as *mut u8;
+
+            memset(dest, src, count, size);
+        },
         _ => {
             log::debug!("Unknown memory service message type: {}", msg_type);
         }

kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/service_definition_service.rs

@@ -22,21 +22,19 @@ pub enum ServiceError {
 pub fn sds_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), ServiceError> {
     let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
     let sds_event_type: ServiceEventType = msg_vec[0].into();
-
-    // info!("Length {}", msg_vec.len());
+    let strptr = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[1..9].try_into().unwrap());
+    let strlen = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[9..17].try_into().unwrap()) as usize;
+    let string_vec = block_read(strptr, strlen);
+    let string = core::str::from_utf8(string_vec).expect("Our bytes should be valid utf8");
 
     use ServiceEventType::*;
     match sds_event_type {
         CreateService => {
-            let string =
-                core::str::from_utf8(&msg_vec[1..]).expect("Our bytes should be valid utf8");
             let ret = sds_create_service(string);
             vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ret as u64);
         }
         DeleteService => todo!(),
         SearchServices => {
-            let string =
-                core::str::from_utf8(&msg_vec[1..]).expect("Our bytes should be valid utf8");
             let ret = sds_search_service(string);
             vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ret as u64);
         }
@@ -94,8 +92,7 @@ fn sds_create_service(protocol: &'static str) -> u64 {
     // let a: protocol::Protocol = protocol.into();
     buff_id
 }
-
-fn sds_search_service(protocol: &str) -> u64 {
+pub fn sds_search_service(protocol: &str) -> u64 {
     let services = SERVICES.lock();
     let compare = Protocol::from(protocol);
     for (bid, protocol_canidate) in &services.0 {

kernel/src/holeybytes/mem.rs

@@ -30,30 +30,29 @@ impl Memory {
 }
 
 impl hbvm::mem::Memory for Memory {
-    #[inline]
+    #[inline(always)]
     unsafe fn load(
         &mut self,
         addr: Address,
         target: *mut u8,
         count: usize,
     ) -> Result<(), hbvm::mem::LoadError> {
-        if addr.get() % 4096 == 0 {}
-        core::ptr::copy(addr.get() as *const u8, target, count);
+        core::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(addr.get() as *const u8, target, count);
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[inline]
+    #[inline(always)]
     unsafe fn store(
         &mut self,
         addr: Address,
         source: *const u8,
         count: usize,
     ) -> Result<(), hbvm::mem::StoreError> {
-        core::ptr::copy(source, addr.get() as *mut u8, count);
+        core::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(source, addr.get() as *mut u8, count);
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[inline]
+    #[inline(always)]
     unsafe fn prog_read<T: Copy>(&mut self, addr: Address) -> T {
         (addr.get() as *const T).read()
     }

kernel/src/holeybytes/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 mod ecah;
-mod kernel_services;
+pub mod kernel_services;
 mod mem;
 
 use {
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ impl HandlePageFault for PageFaultHandler {
 
 #[inline(always)]
 const fn stack_layout() -> Layout {
-    unsafe { Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(STACK_SIZE, 4096) }
+    unsafe { Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(STACK_SIZE, 8) }
 }
 
 #[inline(always)]

kernel/src/ipc/buffer.rs

@@ -49,9 +49,7 @@ impl<'a> IpcBuffer<'a> {
     pub fn push(&mut self, msg: Message) {
         match &self.buffer {
             BufferTypes::Unbound(buff) => buff.push(msg),
-            BufferTypes::Bound(buff) => {
-                let _ = buff.push(msg);
-            }
+            BufferTypes::Bound(buff) => buff.push(msg).unwrap(),
         };
     }
     pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Result<Message, IpcError> {

kernel/src/ipc/protocol.rs

@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
-use {
-    alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec},
-    hashbrown::HashMap,
-};
+use {alloc::vec::Vec, hashbrown::HashMap};
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
 pub struct Type {}
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
-pub struct Funct {
-    takes: Vec<String>,
-    gives: Vec<String>,
+pub struct Funct<'a> {
+    takes: Vec<&'a str>,
+    gives: Vec<&'a str>,
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
 pub struct Protocol<'a> {
     types: HashMap<&'a str, Type>,
-    fns:   HashMap<&'a str, Funct>,
+    fns:   HashMap<&'a str, Funct<'a>>,
 }
 impl<'a> Protocol<'a> {
     pub fn void() -> Self {

kernel/src/kmain.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ use {
         device_tree::DeviceTree,
         holeybytes::ExecThread,
         ipc::buffer::IpcBuffer,
+        task::Executor,
     },
+    alloc::boxed::Box,
+    core::cell::LazyCell,
     hashbrown::HashMap,
     hbvm::mem::Address,
     limine::{Framebuffer, FramebufferRequest, NonNullPtr},
@@ -50,7 +53,6 @@ pub fn kmain(_cmdline: &str, boot_modules: BootModules) -> ! {
     let fb1: &NonNullPtr<Framebuffer> = &FB_REQ.get_response().get().unwrap().framebuffers()[0];
 
     {
-        use crate::alloc::string::ToString;
         let mut dt = DEVICE_TREE.lock();
         let mut disp = xml::XMLElement::new("display_0");
 
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ pub fn kmain(_cmdline: &str, boot_modules: BootModules) -> ! {
         disp.set_attribute("height", fb1.height);
         disp.set_attribute("bpp", fb1.bpp);
         disp.set_attribute("pitch", fb1.pitch);
-        dt.devices.insert("Displays".to_string(), alloc::vec![disp]);
+        dt.devices.insert("Displays", alloc::vec![disp]);
     }
     debug!("Graphics initialised");
     debug!(
@@ -66,13 +68,24 @@ pub fn kmain(_cmdline: &str, boot_modules: BootModules) -> ! {
         fb1.address.as_ptr().unwrap() as *const u8
     );
 
-    let mut executor = crate::task::Executor::new(256);
     unsafe {
+        let executor = LazyCell::<Executor>::force_mut(&mut EXECUTOR);
         for module in boot_modules.iter() {
             let cmd = module.cmd.trim_matches('"');
             let cmd_len = cmd.len() as u64;
 
-            log::info!("Spawning {} with arguments \"{}\"", module.path, cmd);
+            log::info!(
+                "Starting {}",
+                module
+                    .path
+                    .split('/')
+                    .last()
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .split('.')
+                    .next()
+                    .unwrap()
+            );
+            log::debug!("Spawning {} with arguments \"{}\"", module.path, cmd);
 
             // decode AbleOS Executable format
             let header = &module.bytes[0..46];
@@ -93,17 +106,17 @@ pub fn kmain(_cmdline: &str, boot_modules: BootModules) -> ! {
             let code_length = u64::from_le_bytes(header[7..15].try_into().unwrap());
             let data_length = u64::from_le_bytes(header[15..23].try_into().unwrap());
             let end = (code_length + data_length) as usize;
-            log::info!("{code_length} + {data_length} = {end}");
+            log::debug!("{code_length} + {data_length} = {end}");
 
             let mut thr = ExecThread::new(&module.bytes[offset..end], Address::new(0));
             if cmd_len > 0 {
                 thr.set_arguments(cmd.as_ptr() as u64, cmd_len);
             }
-            executor.spawn(async move {
+            executor.spawn(Box::pin(async move {
                 if let Err(e) = thr.await {
                     log::error!("{e:?}");
                 }
-            })
+            }));
         }
 
         debug!("Random number: {}", hardware_random_u64());
@@ -114,6 +127,10 @@ pub fn kmain(_cmdline: &str, boot_modules: BootModules) -> ! {
     crate::arch::spin_loop()
 }
 
+// ! SAFETY: this is not threadsafe at all, like even a little bit.
+// ! SERIOUSLY
+pub static mut EXECUTOR: LazyCell<Executor> = LazyCell::new(|| Executor::new());
+
 pub static DEVICE_TREE: Lazy<Mutex<DeviceTree>> = Lazy::new(|| {
     let dt = DeviceTree::new();
     Mutex::new(dt)

kernel/src/lib.rs

@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@
 //! Akern is woefully undersupported at the moment but we are looking to add support improve hardware discovery and make our lives as kernel and operating system developers easier and better
 #![no_std]
 #![feature(
+    slice_split_once,
     exclusive_wrapper,
-    new_uninit,
+    core_intrinsics,
     abi_x86_interrupt,
+    lazy_get,
     alloc_error_handler,
     ptr_sub_ptr,
     custom_test_frameworks,
@@ -13,8 +15,7 @@
     pointer_is_aligned_to
 )]
 #![test_runner(crate::test_runner)]
-#![cfg_attr(not(debug_assertions), allow(unused, deprecated))]
-#![allow(dead_code)]
+#![allow(dead_code, internal_features, static_mut_refs)]
 extern crate alloc;
 
 mod allocator;

kernel/src/logger.rs

@@ -36,7 +36,19 @@ impl log::Log for Logger {
             Level::Debug => "25",
             Level::Trace => "103",
         };
-        let module = record.module_path().unwrap_or_default();
+        let module = record
+            .module_path()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+            .rsplit_once(':')
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+            .1;
+        if module == "" {
+            crate::arch::log(format_args!(
+                "\x1b[38;5;{lvl_color}m{lvl}\x1b[0m: {}\r\n",
+                record.args(),
+            ))
+            .expect("write to serial console");
+        } else {
             let line = record.line().unwrap_or_default();
             crate::arch::log(format_args!(
                 "\x1b[38;5;{lvl_color}m{lvl}\x1b[0m [{module}:{line}]: {}\r\n",
@@ -44,6 +56,7 @@ impl log::Log for Logger {
             ))
             .expect("write to serial console");
         }
+    }
 
     fn flush(&self) {}
 }

kernel/src/task.rs

@@ -29,24 +29,24 @@ pub fn yield_now() -> impl Future<Output = ()> {
     YieldNow(false)
 }
 
-pub struct Executor<F: Future<Output = ()> + Send> {
-    tasks:      Slab<Task<F>>,
+pub struct Executor {
+    tasks:      Slab<Task>,
     task_queue: Arc<TaskQueue>,
 }
 
-impl<F: Future<Output = ()> + Send> Executor<F> {
-    pub fn new(size: usize) -> Self {
+impl Executor {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
         Self {
-            tasks:      Slab::with_capacity(size),
+            tasks:      Slab::new(),
             task_queue: Arc::new(TaskQueue::new()),
         }
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn spawn(&mut self, future: F) {
-        self.task_queue
-            .queue
-            .push(self.tasks.insert(Task::new(future)));
+    pub fn spawn(&mut self, future: Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>) -> usize {
+        let id = self.tasks.insert(Task::new(future));
+        self.task_queue.queue.push(id);
+        id
     }
 
     pub fn run(&mut self) {
@@ -83,16 +83,16 @@ impl<F: Future<Output = ()> + Send> Executor<F> {
     }
 }
 
-struct Task<F: Future<Output = ()> + Send> {
-    future: Pin<Box<F>>,
+struct Task {
+    future: Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>,
     waker:  Option<TaskWaker>,
 }
 
-impl<F: Future<Output = ()> + Send> Task<F> {
+impl Task {
     #[inline(always)]
-    pub fn new(future: F) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(future: Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>) -> Self {
         Self {
-            future: Box::pin(future),
+            future,
             waker: None,
         }
     }

kernel/src/utils.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 /// Used when tab `\t` in hardware is not known and we will default to two spaces
 pub const TAB: &str = "  ";
 
-
 // NOTE: this only reduces the code duplication in source code not in generated code!
 // Written by Yours Truly: Munir
 /// A simple macro to reduce code duplication when we use TAB internally
@@ -12,7 +11,7 @@ pub const TAB: &str = "  ";
 macro_rules! tab {
     ($num:expr) => {
         TAB.repeat($num)
-    }
+    };
 }
 
 // NOTE: this only reduces the code duplication in source code not in generated code!
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ macro_rules! tab {
 macro_rules! device_tree {
     ($devtree:expr, $dev_type_vec:expr) => {
         for each_device_type in $dev_type_vec {
-            $devtree.devices.insert(each_device_type.to_string(), Vec::new());
+            $devtree.devices.insert(each_device_type, Vec::new());
         }
     };
 }

kernel/targets/aarch64-virt-ableos.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
     "arch": "aarch64",
-    "data-layout": "e-m:e-i8:8:32-i16:16:32-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128",
+    "data-layout": "e-m:e-i8:8:32-i16:16:32-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-Fn32",
     "disable-redzone": true,
     "env": "",
     "executables": true,

kernel/targets/x86_64_v3-ableos.json

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+{
+	"llvm-target": "x86_64-unknown-none",
+	"data-layout": "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128",
+	"arch": "x86_64",
+	"target-endian": "little",
+	"target-pointer-width": "64",
+	"target-c-int-width": "32",
+	"os": "none",
+	"executables": true,
+	"linker-flavor": "ld.lld",
+	"linker": "rust-lld",
+	"panic-strategy": "abort",
+	"disable-redzone": true,
+	"features": "+sse4.1,+avx,+aes,+fma,+popcnt,+bmi2,+avx2,+lzcnt,+xsave",
+	"code-model": "kernel",
+	"pre-link-args": {
+		"ld.lld": [
+			"--gc-sections",
+			"--script=kernel/lds/x86_64.ld"
+		]
+	}
+}

known_bugs.md

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# i did not know where to put this
+- memcpy / memset cause crash on debug builds due to ptr misalignment that is not present on release builds

repbuild/Cargo.toml

@@ -6,24 +6,15 @@ edition = "2021"
 [dependencies]
 str-reader = "0.1"
 derive_more = { version = "1", default-features = false, features = [
-  "add",
-  "add_assign",
-  "constructor",
 	"display",
-  "from",
-  "into",
-  "mul",
-  "mul_assign",
-  "not",
-  "sum",
 ] }
 error-stack = "0.5"
-fatfs = "0.3"
+fatfs = { version = "0.3", default-features = false, features = [
+	"std",
+	"alloc",
+] }
 toml = "0.8"
-# hbasm.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/holey-bytes.git"
 hblang.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/holey-bytes.git"
-
-[dependencies.reqwest]
-version = "0.12"
-default-features = false
-features = ["rustls-tls", "blocking"]
+log = "0.4"
+raw-cpuid = "11"
+ureq = { version = "2", default-features = false, features = ["tls"] }

repbuild/src/dev.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #![allow(unused)]
 use std::{
+    collections::HashMap,
     fmt::format,
     fs::{read_to_string, File},
     io::{BufWriter, Write},
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ pub struct Package {
     name:      String,
     binaries:  Vec<String>,
     build_cmd: String,
+    args:      HashMap<String, String>,
 }
 
 impl Package {
@@ -46,57 +48,79 @@ impl Package {
         let mut binaries = vec![];
 
         for (count, (name, table)) in bin_table.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            // if count != 0 {
-            println!("{}", name);
             binaries.push(name.clone());
-            // }
         }
         let build_table = data.get("build").unwrap();
 
         let mut build_cmd: String = build_table.get("command").unwrap().as_str().unwrap().into();
         build_cmd.remove(0);
-        // build_cmd.pop();
+        let mut args: HashMap<String, String> = match build_table.get("args") {
+            None => HashMap::new(),
+            Some(v) => v
+                .as_table()
+                .unwrap()
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.to_string()))
+                .collect::<HashMap<String, String>>(),
+        };
 
         Self {
             name,
             binaries,
             build_cmd,
+            args,
         }
     }
-    pub fn build(&self) {
+    pub fn build(&self, out: &mut Vec<u8>) -> std::io::Result<()> {
         if self.binaries.contains(&"hblang".to_string()) {
             let file = self.build_cmd.split_ascii_whitespace().last().unwrap();
-
             let path = format!("sysdata/programs/{}/{}", self.name, file);
-            let mut bytes = Vec::new();
             // compile here
 
-            let _ = hblang::run_compiler(
+            let mut warnings = String::new();
+
+            hblang::run_compiler(
                 &path,
                 Options {
                     fmt: true,
+                    in_house_regalloc: true,
                     ..Default::default()
                 },
-                &mut bytes,
-            );
-            let _ = hblang::run_compiler(&path, Default::default(), &mut bytes);
+                out,
+                &mut warnings,
+            )?;
 
             match std::fs::create_dir("target/programs") {
                 Ok(_) => (),
                 Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists => (),
                 Err(e) => panic!("{}", e),
             }
-            std::fs::write(format!("target/programs/{}.hbf", self.name), &bytes).unwrap();
-            bytes.clear();
-            let _ = hblang::run_compiler(
+
+            hblang::run_compiler(
+                &path,
+                Options {
+                    in_house_regalloc: true,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                },
+                out,
+                &mut warnings,
+            )?;
+            std::fs::write(format!("target/programs/{}.hbf", self.name), &out)?;
+            out.clear();
+
+            hblang::run_compiler(
                 &path,
                 Options {
                     dump_asm: true,
+                    in_house_regalloc: true,
                     ..Default::default()
                 },
-                &mut bytes,
-            );
-            std::fs::write(format!("target/programs/{}.hba", self.name), &bytes).unwrap();
+                out,
+                &mut warnings,
+            )?;
+            std::fs::write(format!("target/programs/{}.hba", self.name), &out)?;
+            out.clear();
         }
+        Ok(())
     }
 }

repbuild/src/main.rs

@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
-// #![allow(unused)]
-
 mod dev;
 
 use {
+    core::fmt::Write as _,
     derive_more::Display,
     dev::Package,
     error_stack::{bail, report, Context, Report, Result, ResultExt},
     fatfs::{FileSystem, FormatVolumeOptions, FsOptions, ReadWriteSeek},
     std::{
-        // fmt::Display,
         fs::{self, File},
         io::{self, Write},
         path::Path,
-        process::{exit, Command},
+        process::{exit, Command, Stdio},
     },
     toml::Value,
 };
@@ -21,6 +19,9 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
     let mut args = std::env::args();
     args.next();
 
+    log::set_logger(&hblang::Logger).unwrap();
+    log::set_max_level(log::LevelFilter::Error);
+
     match args.next().as_deref() {
         Some("build" | "b") => {
             let mut release = false;
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
                     target = Target::Riscv64Virt;
                 } else if arg == "arm64" || arg == "aarch64" || arg == "aarch64-virt" {
                     target = Target::Aarch64;
+                } else if arg == "avx2" {
+                    target = Target::X86_64Avx2;
                 } else {
                     return Err(report!(Error::InvalidSubCom));
                 }
@@ -46,6 +49,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
             let mut release = false;
             let mut debuginfo = false;
             let mut target = Target::X86_64;
+            let mut do_accel = true;
             for arg in args {
                 if arg == "-r" || arg == "--release" {
                     release = true;
@@ -55,13 +59,17 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
                     target = Target::Riscv64Virt;
                 } else if arg == "arm64" || arg == "aarch64" || arg == "aarch64-virt" {
                     target = Target::Aarch64;
+                } else if arg == "--noaccel" {
+                    do_accel = false;
+                } else if arg == "avx2" {
+                    target = Target::X86_64Avx2;
                 } else {
                     return Err(report!(Error::InvalidSubCom));
                 }
             }
 
             build(release, target, debuginfo)?;
-            run(release, target)
+            run(release, target, do_accel)
         }
         Some("help" | "h") => {
             println!(concat!(
@@ -71,8 +79,10 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
                 "   help (h): Print this message\n",
                 "    run (r): Build and run AbleOS in QEMU\n\n",
                 "Options for build and run:\n",
-                "        -r: build in release mode",
-                "  [target]: sets target"
+                "        -r / --release: build in release mode\n",
+                "        -d / --debuginfo: build with debug info\n",
+                "        --noaccel: run without acceleration (e.g, no kvm)\n",
+                "[ rv64 / riscv64 / riscv64-virt / aarch64 / arm64 / aarch64-virt / avx2 ]: sets target"
             ),);
             Ok(())
         }
@@ -195,7 +205,12 @@ TERM_BACKDROP={}
         let modules = value.get_mut("modules").unwrap().as_table_mut().unwrap();
         // let mut real_modules = modules.clone();
 
-        modules.into_iter().for_each(|(_, value)| {
+        let mut errors = String::new();
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+
+        modules
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(_, value)| -> Result<(), io::Error> {
                 if value.is_table() {
                     let path = get_path_without_boot_prefix(
                         value.get("path").expect("You must have `path` as a value"),
@@ -207,9 +222,26 @@ TERM_BACKDROP={}
                     let p = Package::load_from_file(
                         format!("sysdata/programs/{}/meta.toml", path).to_owned(),
                     );
-                p.build();
+                    match p.build(&mut out) {
+                        Ok(()) => {}
+                        Err(_) => {
+                            writeln!(errors, "========= while compiling {} =========", path)
+                                .unwrap();
+                            errors.push_str(core::str::from_utf8(&out).expect("no"));
+                            out.clear();
                         }
-        });
+                    }
+                }
+                Ok(())
+            })
+            .for_each(drop);
+
+        if !errors.is_empty() {
+            let _ = writeln!(errors, "!!! STOPPING DUE TO PREVIOUS ERRORS !!!");
+            std::eprint!("{errors}");
+            continue;
+        }
+
         modules.into_iter().for_each(|(_key, value)| {
             if value.is_table() {
                 let path = value.get("path").expect("You must have `path` as a value");
@@ -296,6 +328,9 @@ fn build(release: bool, target: Target, debuginfo: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
     if target == Target::Aarch64 {
         com.args(["--target", "targets/aarch64-virt-ableos.json"]);
     }
+    if target == Target::X86_64Avx2 {
+        com.args(["--target", "targets/x86_64_v3-ableos.json"]);
+    }
 
     match com.status() {
         Ok(s) if s.code() != Some(0) => bail!(Error::Build),
@@ -309,6 +344,10 @@ fn build(release: bool, target: Target, debuginfo: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
             path.push_str("_x86-64");
             "target/x86_64-ableos"
         }
+        Target::X86_64Avx2 => {
+            path.push_str("_x86-64");
+            "target/x86_64_v3-ableos"
+        }
         Target::Riscv64Virt => "target/riscv64-virt-ableos",
         Target::Aarch64 => {
             path.push_str("_aarch64");
@@ -331,25 +370,67 @@ fn build(release: bool, target: Target, debuginfo: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
     .change_context(Error::Io)
 }
 
-fn run(release: bool, target: Target) -> Result<(), Error> {
-    let mut com = match target {
-        Target::X86_64 => Command::new("qemu-system-x86_64"),
-        Target::Riscv64Virt => Command::new("qemu-system-riscv64"),
-        Target::Aarch64 => Command::new("qemu-system-aarch64"),
+fn run(release: bool, target: Target, do_accel: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let target_str = match target {
+        Target::X86_64 | Target::X86_64Avx2 => "qemu-system-x86_64",
+        Target::Riscv64Virt => "qemu-system-riscv64",
+        Target::Aarch64 => "qemu-system-aarch64",
     };
+    let (mut com, mut com2) = (Command::new(target_str), Command::new(target_str));
     let ovmf_path = fetch_ovmf(target);
+    #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+    let accel = if do_accel {
+        let supported = String::from_utf8(
+            com2.args(["--accel", "help"])
+                .stdout(Stdio::piped())
+                .stderr(Stdio::piped())
+                .spawn()
+                .unwrap()
+                .wait_with_output()
+                .unwrap()
+                .stdout,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+        let cpuid = raw_cpuid::CpuId::new();
+        let vmx = cpuid.get_feature_info().unwrap().has_vmx();
+        let svm = cpuid.get_svm_info().is_some();
+
+        if supported.contains("kvm") && (vmx || svm) {
+            "accel=kvm"
+        } else if cpuid
+            .get_processor_brand_string()
+            .filter(|a| a.as_str() == "GenuineIntel")
+            .is_some()
+            && supported.contains("hax")
+            && vmx
+        {
+            "accel=hax"
+        } else if supported.contains("whpx") {
+            "accel=whpx"
+        } else {
+            "accel=tcg"
+        }
+    } else {
+        "accel=tcg"
+    };
+    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "x86_64"))]
+    let accel = "accel=tcg";
 
     match target {
-        Target::X86_64 => {
+        Target::X86_64 | Target::X86_64Avx2 => {
             #[rustfmt::skip]
             com.args([
                 "-bios", &ovmf_path.change_context(Error::OvmfFetch)?,
                 "-drive", "file=target/disk.img,format=raw",
                 "-device", "vmware-svga",
+                // "-serial", "stdio",
                 "-m", "2G",
                 "-smp", "1",
-                "-machine", "accel=kvm",
-                "-cpu", "host",
+                "-parallel", "none",
+                "-monitor", "none",
+                "-machine", accel,
+                "-cpu", "max",
                 "-device", "isa-debug-exit,iobase=0xf4,iosize=0x04",
             ]);
         }
@@ -394,7 +475,7 @@ fn run(release: bool, target: Target) -> Result<(), Error> {
 
 fn fetch_ovmf(target: Target) -> Result<String, OvmfFetchError> {
     let (ovmf_url, ovmf_path) = match target {
-        Target::X86_64 => (
+        Target::X86_64 | Target::X86_64Avx2 => (
             "https://retrage.github.io/edk2-nightly/bin/RELEASEX64_OVMF.fd",
             "target/RELEASEX64_OVMF.fd",
         ),
@@ -416,12 +497,12 @@ fn fetch_ovmf(target: Target) -> Result<String, OvmfFetchError> {
         Ok(_) => return Ok(ovmf_path.to_owned()),
         Err(e) => return Err(report!(e).change_context(OvmfFetchError::Io)),
     };
-    let mut bytes = reqwest::blocking::get(ovmf_url)
+    let req = ureq::get(ovmf_url)
+        .call()
         .map_err(Report::from)
         .change_context(OvmfFetchError::Fetch)?;
 
-    bytes
-        .copy_to(&mut file)
+    std::io::copy(&mut req.into_reader(), &mut file)
         .map_err(Report::from)
         .change_context(OvmfFetchError::Io)?;
 
@@ -443,6 +524,7 @@ impl Context for OvmfFetchError {}
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
 enum Target {
     X86_64,
+    X86_64Avx2,
     Riscv64Virt,
     Aarch64,
 }

rust-toolchain.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 [toolchain]
-channel = "nightly-2024-07-27"
+# old toolchain
+# channel = "nightly-2024-07-27"
+channel = "nightly"
 components = ["rust-src", "llvm-tools"]

sysdata/assets/consolefonts/tamsyn/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Tamsyn font is free.  You are hereby granted permission to use, copy, modify,
+and distribute it as you see fit.
+
+Tamsyn font is provided "as is" without any express or implied warranty.
+
+The author makes no representations about the suitability of this font for
+a particular purpose.
+
+In no event will the author be held liable for damages arising from the use
+of this font.

sysdata/libraries/dt_api/README.md

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-# dt_api

sysdata/libraries/dt_api/src/lib.hb

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-stn := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb");
-.{string, memory, buffer} := stn
-
-dt_get := fn(query: ^u8): int {
-	message_length := string.length(query)
-
-	return @eca(3, 5, query, message_length)
-}

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/examples/horizontal.lui

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(horizontal
+    spacing : 10
+    (label "hi")
+    (label "goodbye"))

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/examples/label.lui

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+(label "hello")

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/examples/vertical.lui

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+(vertical
+    (label "hello")
+    (label "hello" color:red))

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/lib.hb

@@ -1,25 +1,49 @@
 stn := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb");
-.{string, memory, buffer} := stn
+.{string, memory, buffer, log} := stn
+
+render := @use("../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb")
 
 input := @use("../../intouch/src/lib.hb")
 
+widgets := @use("widgets/widgets.hb")
+ui := @use("ui.hb")
+
 WindowID := struct {
 	host_id: int,
 	window_id: int,
 }
 
-create_window := fn(channel: int): void {
+VoidWindowID := WindowID.(0, 0)
+
+create_window := fn(channel: int): ^render.Surface {
 	// get the horizon buffer
 	// request a new window and provide the callback buffer
 	// wait to recieve a message
 
 	windowing_system_buffer := buffer.search("XHorizon\0")
+	mem_buf := memory.request_page(1)
 
 	if windowing_system_buffer == 0 {
-		return
+		return @as(^render.Surface, idk)
 	} else {
-		msg := "\{01}\0"
-		msg_length := 2
-		return @eca(3, windowing_system_buffer, msg, msg_length)
+		// ! bad able, stop using string messages :ragey:
+		// msg := "\{01}\0"
+		// msg_length := 2
+
+		// @as(void, @eca(3, windowing_system_buffer, msg, msg_length))
+
+		x := 0
+		loop if x > 1000 break else x += 1
+
+		ret := buffer.recv([u8; 4096], windowing_system_buffer, mem_buf)
+		if ret == null {
+			log.info("No messages\0")
+		}
+
+		if *mem_buf == 0 {
+			log.info("No messages\0")
+		}
+
+		return @as(^render.Surface, idk)
 	}
 }

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/ui.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+stn := @use("../../../libraries/stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{string, log} := stn;
+.{Vec2} := stn.math
+
+render := @use("../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface} := render;
+.{Font} := render.text
+
+UI := struct {raw: ^u8, raw_length: uint, is_dirty: bool, surface: Surface, // Each child has their WidgetType as their first byte
+// children: ^^u8,
+}
+
+render_ui := fn(surface: Surface, ui: UI): void {
+	if ui.is_dirty {
+		render.clear(ui.surface, render.black)
+		ui.is_dirty = false
+	}
+	pos := Vec2(uint).(0, 0)
+	render.put_surface(surface, ui.surface, pos, false)
+}
+
+sexpr_parser := fn(sexpr: ^u8): UI {
+	cursor := sexpr
+	paren_balance := 0
+	loop {
+		if *cursor == 0 {
+			if paren_balance != 0 {
+				log.error("Unbalanced Parens\0")
+			}
+			break
+		} else if *cursor == 40 {
+			log.info("Open paren\0")
+			paren_balance += 1
+		} else if *cursor == 41 {
+			log.info("Closed paren\0")
+			paren_balance -= 1
+		}
+
+		cursor += 1
+	}
+
+	length := string.length(sexpr)
+
+	ui_surface := render.new_surface(100, 100)
+
+	return UI.(sexpr, length, true, ui_surface)
+}

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/widgets/image.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+render := @use("../../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface} := render
+
+Image := struct {
+	magic: uint,
+	is_dirty: bool,
+	surface: Surface,
+}
+
+image_from_surface := fn(surface: Surface): Image {
+	img := Image.(4, true, surface)
+	return img
+}

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/widgets/label.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+stn := @use("../../../../libraries/stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{string, log} := stn;
+.{Vec2} := stn.math
+
+render := @use("../../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface, Color} := render;
+.{Font} := render.text
+
+Label := struct {
+	magic: uint,
+	is_dirty: bool,
+	surface: Surface,
+	text: ^u8,
+	text_length: uint,
+	bg: Color,
+	fg: Color,
+}
+
+set_label_text := fn(label: Label, text: ^u8): void {
+	text_length := string.length(text)
+
+	label.is_dirty = true
+	label.text = text
+	label.text_length = text_length
+}
+
+render_label_to_surface := fn(surface: Surface, label: Label, font: Font, pos: Vec2(uint)): void {
+	if label.is_dirty {
+		render.clear(label.surface, label.bg)
+		render.put_text(label.surface, font, .(0, 0), label.fg, label.text)
+	}
+	render.put_surface(surface, label.surface, pos, false)
+}
+
+new_label := fn(text: ^u8): Label {
+	text_surface := render.new_surface(1024, 20)
+	text_length := string.length(text)
+	label := Label.(3, true, text_surface, text, text_length, render.black, render.white)
+	return label
+}
+
+$set_color := fn(label: Label, bg: Color, fg: Color): void {
+	label.bg = bg
+	label.fg = fg
+	label.is_dirty = true
+}

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/widgets/widget_types.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+NoWidget := 0
+
+VerticalWidgetType := 1
+HorizontalWidgetType := 2
+
+LabelWidgetType := 3
+ImageWidgetType := 4

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/widgets/widgets.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// Widget types
+
+// End types
+stn := @use("../../../../libraries/stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{string, log} := stn;
+.{Vec2} := stn.math
+
+render := @use("../../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface} := render;
+.{Font} := render.text
+
+widget_types := @use("widget_types.hb")
+label := @use("label.hb")
+image := @use("image.hb")
+
+Size := struct {
+	min_width: int,
+	max_width: int,
+	min_height: int,
+	max_height: int,
+}
+
+Vertical := packed struct {
+	magic: uint,
+	// array of children, idk
+	// use a vec or linked list or whatever
+
+	children: ^^u8,
+}
+
+Horizontal := packed struct {
+	magic: uint,
+	// array of children, idk
+	// use a vec or linked list or whatever
+	children: ^^u8,
+}

sysdata/libraries/ignim/src/application.hb

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ApplicationInfo := struct {
 	pNext: ^int,
 	application_name: ^u8,
 	application_version: int,
-	engine_name: int,
+	engine_name: ^u8,
 	engine_version: int,
 	api_version: int,
 }

sysdata/libraries/intouch/src/events.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+keycodes := @use("keycodes.hb");
+.{KeyCode} := keycodes
+
+KeyEvent := packed struct {
+	up: bool,
+	just_triggered: bool,
+	key: KeyCode,
+}
+
+MouseEvent := packed struct {
+	x_change: i8,
+	y_change: i8,
+	left: bool,
+	middle: bool,
+	right: bool,
+}
+
+GamepadEvent := struct {}

sysdata/libraries/intouch/src/keycodes.hb

@@ -1,67 +1,121 @@
+/*
+Originally I was modelling this after the following(1). I have since changed my mind.
+I am now modelling it as I see fit. This is likely not the final version.
+
+1) https://www.libsdl.org/release/SDL-1.2.15/include/SDL_keysym.h
+*/
+
 KeyCode := u32
 
-// https://www.libsdl.org/release/SDL-1.2.15/include/SDL_keysym.h
-Backspace := KeyCode.(8)
-Tab := KeyCode.(9)
-Clear := KeyCode.(12)
-Return := KeyCode.(13)
-Pause := KeyCode.(19)
-Escape := KeyCode.(27)
-Space := KeyCode.(32)
+// Typically this is not a keycode you will ever recieve.
+None := KeyCode.(0)
 
-A := KeyCode.(97)
-/*
-ETC
-*/
-Z := KeyCode.(122)
+Escape := KeyCode.(1)
+/* Alphabet keycodes */
 
-Delete := KeyCode.(127)
+A := KeyCode.(2)
+B := KeyCode.(3)
+C := KeyCode.(4)
+D := KeyCode.(5)
+E := KeyCode.(6)
+F := KeyCode.(7)
+G := KeyCode.(8)
+H := KeyCode.(9)
+I := KeyCode.(10)
+J := KeyCode.(11)
+K := KeyCode.(12)
+L := KeyCode.(13)
+M := KeyCode.(14)
+N := KeyCode.(15)
+O := KeyCode.(16)
+P := KeyCode.(17)
+Q := KeyCode.(18)
+R := KeyCode.(19)
+S := KeyCode.(20)
+T := KeyCode.(21)
+U := KeyCode.(22)
+V := KeyCode.(23)
+W := KeyCode.(24)
+X := KeyCode.(25)
+Y := KeyCode.(26)
+Z := KeyCode.(27)
 
-/*
-ETC
-*/
+/* Numeric keycodes*/
 
-KeypadNumber0 := KeyCode.(256)
-KeypadNumber1 := KeyCode.(257)
-KeypadNumber2 := KeyCode.(258)
-KeypadNumber3 := KeyCode.(259)
-KeypadNumber4 := KeyCode.(260)
-KeypadNumber5 := KeyCode.(261)
-KeypadNumber6 := KeyCode.(262)
-KeypadNumber7 := KeyCode.(263)
-KeypadNumber8 := KeyCode.(264)
-KeypadNumber9 := KeyCode.(265)
+Number0 := KeyCode.(28)
+Number1 := KeyCode.(29)
+Number2 := KeyCode.(30)
+Number3 := KeyCode.(31)
+Number4 := KeyCode.(32)
+Number5 := KeyCode.(33)
+Number6 := KeyCode.(34)
+Number7 := KeyCode.(35)
+Number8 := KeyCode.(36)
+Number9 := KeyCode.(37)
 
-KeypadPeriod := KeyCode.(266)
-KeypadDivide := KeyCode.(267)
-KeypadMultiply := KeyCode.(268)
-KeypadMinus := KeyCode.(269)
-KeypadPlus := KeyCode.(270)
-KeypadEnter := KeyCode.(271)
-KeypadEquals := KeyCode.(272)
+KeypadNumber0 := KeyCode.(38)
+KeypadNumber1 := KeyCode.(39)
+KeypadNumber2 := KeyCode.(40)
+KeypadNumber3 := KeyCode.(41)
+KeypadNumber4 := KeyCode.(42)
+KeypadNumber5 := KeyCode.(43)
+KeypadNumber6 := KeyCode.(44)
+KeypadNumber7 := KeyCode.(45)
+KeypadNumber8 := KeyCode.(46)
+KeypadNumber9 := KeyCode.(47)
 
-NumLock := KeyCode.(300)
-CapsLock := KeyCode.(301)
-ScrollLock := KeyCode.(302)
+KeypadPeriod := KeyCode.(48)
+KeypadDivide := KeyCode.(49)
+KeypadMultiply := KeyCode.(50)
+KeypadMinus := KeyCode.(51)
+KeypadPlus := KeyCode.(52)
+KeypadEnter := KeyCode.(53)
+KeypadEquals := KeyCode.(54)
 
-RightShift := KeyCode.(303)
-LeftShift := KeyCode.(304)
-
-RightControl := KeyCode.(305)
-LeftControl := KeyCode.(306)
-RightAlt := KeyCode.(307)
-LeftAlt := KeyCode.(308)
-RightMeta := KeyCode.(309)
-LeftMeta := KeyCode.(310)
-
-/* Left "Windows" key */
-LeftSuper := KeyCode.(311)
-
-/* Right "Windows" key */
-RightSuper := KeyCode.(312)
+Delete := KeyCode.(55)
+/* Locking Keys */
+NumLock := KeyCode.(56)
+CapsLock := KeyCode.(57)
+ScrollLock := KeyCode.(58)
 
 /* "Alt Gr" key */
-Mode := KeyCode.(313)
+Mode := KeyCode.(59)
 
 /* Multi-key compose key */
-Compose := KeyCode.(314)
+Compose := KeyCode.(60)
+
+LeftAlt := KeyCode.(61)
+LeftControl := KeyCode.(62)
+LeftMeta := KeyCode.(63)
+LeftShift := KeyCode.(64)
+/* Left "Windows" key */
+LeftSuper := KeyCode.(65)
+
+RightAlt := KeyCode.(66)
+RightControl := KeyCode.(67)
+RightMeta := KeyCode.(68)
+RightShift := KeyCode.(69)
+/* Right "Windows" key */
+RightSuper := KeyCode.(70)
+
+/*
+    This block of any triggers on any press of any of the keys.
+    Typically this is the event to care about.
+*/
+AnyNumber0 := KeyCode.(71)
+AnyNumber1 := KeyCode.(72)
+AnyNumber2 := KeyCode.(73)
+AnyNumber3 := KeyCode.(74)
+AnyNumber4 := KeyCode.(75)
+AnyNumber5 := KeyCode.(76)
+AnyNumber6 := KeyCode.(77)
+AnyNumber7 := KeyCode.(78)
+AnyNumber8 := KeyCode.(79)
+AnyNumber9 := KeyCode.(80)
+
+AnyAlt := KeyCode.(81)
+AnyControl := KeyCode.(82)
+AnyMeta := KeyCode.(83)
+AnyShift := KeyCode.(84)
+/* Any "Windows" key */
+AnySuper := KeyCode.(85)

sysdata/libraries/intouch/src/lib.hb

@@ -1,22 +1,36 @@
-keycodes := @use("keycodes.hb");
-.{KeyCode} := keycodes
+stn := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{log, buffer, memory} := stn
+keycodes := @use("keycodes.hb")
 
-MouseEvent := struct {
-	x_change: u8,
-	y_change: u8,
-	left: u8,
-	middle: u8,
-	right: u8,
+events := @use("events.hb");
+.{KeyEvent, MouseEvent} := events
+
+recieve_key_event := fn(): ?KeyEvent {
+	kevent := KeyEvent.(false, false, 0)
+
+	buf_id := buffer.search("PS/2 Keyboard\0")
+
+	// Read out of the Keyboard buffer here
+	buffer.recv(KeyEvent, buf_id, &kevent)
+
+	if kevent.just_triggered {
+		return kevent
+	}
+
+	return null
 }
 
-KeyEvent := struct {
-	// 0 if down
-	// 1 if up
-	up: u8,
-	// 0 if not just triggered
-	// 1 if just triggered
-	just_triggered: u8,
-	key: KeyCode,
-}
+recieve_mouse_event := fn(): ?MouseEvent {
+	mevent := MouseEvent.(0, 0, false, false, false)
 
-GamepadEvent := struct {}
+	buf_id := buffer.search("PS/2 Mouse\0")
+
+	// Read out of the Mouse buffer here
+	buffer.recv(MouseEvent, buf_id, &mevent)
+
+	if mevent.x_change != 0 | mevent.y_change != 0 | mevent.left | mevent.middle | mevent.right {
+		return mevent
+	}
+
+	return null
+}

sysdata/libraries/render/TODO.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Images
+- Animation
+
+# API
+- Colour operations:
+    - Alpha Composite
+    - Invert
+- Surface Operations:
+    - FlipH
+    - Resize
+    - Wrap the colour operations
+    - Tile
+    - Gradient overlay
+- Draw operations:
+    - Curve raster algorithm
+    - VGA font fast blit
+    - Polygon
+    - Rounded rects
+
+# Backend
+- SVGA Driver
+- Support whatever vulkan stuff able is cooking
+
+# Bits and bobs on the table
+- Funny 3D Renderer
+- stn.memory.swap & kernel message
+- Make memory.{copy, set} smart

sysdata/libraries/render/src/image/bmp.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+.{Color, Surface, new_surface, put_surface} := @use("../lib.hb");
+.{log} := @use("../../../stn/src/lib.hb")
+
+BitmapFileHeader := packed struct {
+	magic: u16,
+	size: u32,
+	reserved_1: u16,
+	reserved_2: u16,
+	offset: u32,
+}
+
+BitmapInfoHeader := packed struct {
+	size: u32,
+	width: i32,
+	height: i32,
+	planes: u16,
+	bits: u16,
+	compression: u32,
+	image_size: u32,
+	x_resolution: i32,
+	y_resolution: i32,
+	n_colours: u32,
+	important_colours: u32,
+}
+
+BitmapColorHeader := packed struct {
+	red_mask: u32,
+	green_mask: u32,
+	blue_mask: u32,
+	alpha_mask: u32,
+	color_space_type: u32,
+	unused: u32,
+}
+
+from := fn(bmp: ^u8): ?Surface {
+	file_header := @as(^BitmapFileHeader, @bitcast(bmp))
+	info_header := @as(^BitmapInfoHeader, @bitcast(bmp + @sizeof(BitmapFileHeader)))
+
+	if file_header.magic != 0x4D42 | info_header.width == 0 | info_header.height == 0 {
+		log.error("Invalid BMP image.\0")
+		return null
+	}
+
+	lhs := Surface.(@bitcast(bmp + file_header.offset), info_header.width, info_header.height, info_header.width * info_header.height)
+	rhs := new_surface(info_header.width, info_header.height)
+	put_surface(rhs, lhs, .(0, 0), true)
+
+	return rhs
+}

sysdata/libraries/render/src/image/lib.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+.{log} := @use("../../../stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface} := @use("../lib.hb")
+bmp := @use("bmp.hb")
+qoi := @use("qoi.hb")
+$BMP := 0x4D42
+$QOI := 0x66696F71
+
+get_format := fn(file: ^u8): ?uint {
+	if *@as(^u16, @bitcast(file)) == BMP {
+		return BMP
+	} else if *@as(^u32, @bitcast(file)) == QOI {
+		return QOI
+	} else {
+		return null
+	}
+}
+
+from := fn(file: ^u8): ?Surface {
+	format := get_format(file)
+
+	if format == null {
+		log.error("Could not detect image format.\0")
+		return null
+	} else if format == BMP {
+		return bmp.from(file)
+	} else if format == QOI {
+		return qoi.from(file)
+	}
+
+	return null
+}

sysdata/libraries/render/src/image/qoi.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+.{Color, Surface, new_surface} := @use("../lib.hb");
+.{log} := @use("../../../stn/src/lib.hb")
+
+/* source:
+   https://github.com/phoboslab/qoi/blob/master/qoi.h */
+
+$QOI_SRGB := 0
+$QOI_LINEAR := 1
+$QOI_OP_INDEX := 0x0
+$QOI_OP_DIFF := 0x40
+$QOI_OP_LUMA := 0x80
+$QOI_OP_RUN := 0xC0
+$QOI_OP_RGB := 0xFE
+$QOI_OP_RGBA := 0xFF
+$QOI_MASK_2 := 0xC0
+$QOI_COLOR_HASH := fn(c: Color): u8 {
+	return (c.r * 3 + c.g * 5 + c.b * 7 + c.a * 11) % 64
+}
+$QOI_MAGIC := 0x716F6966
+$QOI_PIXELS_MAX := 400000000
+
+QuiteOkayHeader := packed struct {
+	magic: u32,
+	width: u32,
+	height: u32,
+	channels: u8,
+	colorspace: u8,
+}
+
+be_to_le := fn(big: u32): u32 {
+	return big >> 24 | big >> 8 & 0xFF00 | big << 8 & 0xFF0000 | big << 24
+}
+
+from := fn(qoi: ^u8): ?Surface {
+	header := @as(^QuiteOkayHeader, @bitcast(qoi))
+
+	qoi += @sizeof(QuiteOkayHeader)
+
+	width := be_to_le(header.width)
+	height := be_to_le(header.height)
+
+	if be_to_le(header.magic) != QOI_MAGIC | width == 0 | height == 0 | header.channels < 3 | header.channels > 4 {
+		log.error("Invalid QOI image.\0")
+		return null
+	}
+
+	surface := new_surface(width, height)
+	index := @as([Color; 64], idk)
+
+	run := 0
+	px := Color.(0, 0, 0, 255)
+	px_pos := 0
+
+	total_pixels := width * height
+
+	loop if px_pos >= total_pixels break else {
+		if run > 0 {
+			run -= 1
+		} else {
+			b1 := *qoi
+			qoi += 1
+
+			if b1 == QOI_OP_RGB {
+				px.r = *qoi
+				px.g = *(qoi + 1)
+				px.b = *(qoi + 2)
+				qoi += 3
+			} else if b1 == QOI_OP_RGBA {
+				px.r = *qoi
+				px.g = *(qoi + 1)
+				px.b = *(qoi + 2)
+				px.a = *(qoi + 3)
+				qoi += 4
+			} else if (b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_INDEX {
+				px = index[b1 & 0x3F]
+			} else if (b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_DIFF {
+				px.r = px.r + (b1 >> 4 & 0x3) - 2 & 0xFF
+				px.g = px.g + (b1 >> 2 & 0x3) - 2 & 0xFF
+				px.b = px.b + (b1 & 0x3) - 2 & 0xFF
+			} else if (b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_LUMA {
+				b2 := *qoi
+				vg := (b1 & 0x3F) - 32
+
+				px.r = px.r + vg - 8 + (b2 >> 4 & 0xF) & 0xFF
+				px.g = px.g + vg & 0xFF
+				px.b = px.b + vg - 8 + (b2 & 0xF) & 0xFF
+				qoi += 1
+			} else if (b1 & QOI_MASK_2) == QOI_OP_RUN {
+				run = b1 & 0x3F
+			}
+
+			index[QOI_COLOR_HASH(px)] = px
+		};
+
+		*(surface.buf + px_pos) = px
+
+		px_pos += 1
+	}
+
+	return surface
+}

sysdata/libraries/render/src/lib.hb

@@ -1,47 +1,57 @@
-svga := @use("svga.hb")
 software := @use("software.hb")
+image := @use("image/lib.hb")
+text := @use("text.hb")
 
 // default mode
 mode := software
 
 init := mode.init
 doublebuffer := mode.doublebuffer
+Surface := mode.Surface
+new_surface := mode.new_surface
+surface_from_ptr := mode.surface_from_ptr
+clone_surface := mode.clone_surface
+free_surface := mode.free_surface
+index := mode.index
+indexptr := mode.indexptr
 
 // Colours
-Color := mode.Color
-white := mode.white
-black := mode.black
-gray := mode.gray
-red := mode.red
-green := mode.green
-yellow := mode.yellow
-blue := mode.blue
-magenta := mode.magenta
-cyan := mode.cyan
-light_gray := mode.light_gray
-light_red := mode.light_red
-light_green := mode.light_green
-light_yellow := mode.light_yellow
-light_blue := mode.light_blue
-light_magenta := mode.light_magenta
-light_cyan := mode.light_cyan
+Color := packed struct {b: u8, g: u8, r: u8, a: u8}
+$white := Color.(255, 255, 255, 255)
+$black := Color.(0, 0, 0, 255)
+$gray := Color.(127, 127, 127, 255)
+$red := Color.(0, 0, 205, 255)
+$green := Color.(0, 205, 0, 255)
+$yellow := Color.(0, 205, 205, 255)
+$blue := Color.(205, 0, 0, 255)
+$magenta := Color.(205, 0, 205, 255)
+$cyan := Color.(205, 205, 0, 255)
+$light_gray := Color.(229, 229, 229, 255)
+$light_red := Color.(0, 0, 255, 255)
+$light_green := Color.(0, 255, 0, 255)
+$light_yellow := Color.(0, 255, 255, 255)
+$light_blue := Color.(255, 0, 0, 255)
+$light_magenta := Color.(255, 0, 255, 255)
+$light_cyan := Color.(255, 255, 0, 255)
 
 // Drawing
 put_pixel := mode.put_pixel
 put_rect := mode.put_rect
 put_filled_rect := mode.put_filled_rect
+put_trirect := mode.put_trirect
+put_circle := mode.put_circle
+put_filled_circle := mode.put_filled_circle
+put_textured_circle := mode.put_textured_circle
 put_line := mode.put_line
+put_vline := mode.put_vline
+put_hline := mode.put_hline
 clear := mode.clear
+put_surface := mode.put_surface
+put_text := mode.put_text
+// thanks peony for these three!
+//put_trirect := mode.put_trirect
+//put_vline := mode.put_vline
+//put_hline := mode.put_hline
 
 // Display
-width := mode.width
-height := mode.height
-dimensions := mode.dimensions
-set_height := mode.set_height
-set_width := mode.set_width
-set_dimensions := mode.set_dimensions
 sync := mode.sync
-
-// Math
-UVec2 := struct {x: uint, y: uint}
-IVec2 := struct {x: int, y: int}

sysdata/libraries/render/src/software.hb

@@ -1,197 +1,116 @@
-.{math, memory} := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb");
-.{dt_get} := @use("../../dt_api/src/lib.hb");
-.{IVec2} := @use("lib.hb")
+.{math, memory, dt} := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{Color, text} := @use("lib.hb");
+.{get_glyph, get_glyph_unicode, Font, UNC_TABLE_SIZE} := text;
+.{Vec2} := math
 
-Color := struct {b: u8, g: u8, r: u8, a: u8}
-white := Color.(255, 255, 255, 255)
-black := Color.(0, 0, 0, 255)
-gray := Color.(127, 127, 127, 255)
-red := Color.(0, 0, 205, 255)
-green := Color.(0, 205, 0, 255)
-yellow := Color.(0, 205, 205, 255)
-blue := Color.(205, 0, 0, 255)
-magenta := Color.(205, 0, 205, 255)
-cyan := Color.(205, 205, 0, 255)
-light_gray := Color.(229, 229, 229, 255)
-light_red := Color.(0, 0, 255, 255)
-light_green := Color.(0, 255, 0, 255)
-light_yellow := Color.(0, 255, 255, 255)
-light_blue := Color.(255, 0, 0, 255)
-light_magenta := Color.(255, 0, 255, 255)
-light_cyan := Color.(255, 255, 0, 255)
+// safety: don't use before init() or you will get a memory access violation
+framebuffer := memory.dangling(Color)
 
-// might not work for some resolutions, but needs to be comptime because...
-copy_pixels := 0xC000 >> 2
-
-ctx := @as(Context, idk)
-
-// some of these are redudant holdovers from fb_driver
-// will keep them for future work if necessary
-Context := struct {
-	fb: ^Color,
-	bb: ^Color,
+Surface := struct {
 	buf: ^Color,
-	width: int,
-	height: int,
-	partitions: int,
-	pixels: int,
-	bb_pages: int,
-	double_buffer: bool,
+	width: uint,
+	height: uint,
+	size: uint,
 }
 
-init := fn(): void {
-	width := dt_get("framebuffer/fb0/width\0")
-	height := dt_get("framebuffer/fb0/height\0")
-	// width := 1024
-	// height := 768
-	pixels := width * height
-	bytes := pixels << 2
-	partitions := pixels / copy_pixels
-	pages := 1 + bytes >> 12
-	back_buffer := create_back_buffer(pages)
-	ctx = Context.{
-		fb: dt_get("framebuffer/fb0/ptr\0"),
-		bb: back_buffer,
-		buf: back_buffer,
+new_surface := fn(width: uint, height: uint): Surface {
+	return .(
+		memory.alloc(Color, width * height),
 		width,
 		height,
-		partitions,
-		pixels,
-		bb_pages: pages,
-		double_buffer: true,
-	}
-	return
+		width * height,
+	)
 }
 
-doublebuffer := fn(enable: bool): void {
-	if enable {
-		ctx.buf = ctx.bb
+clone_surface := fn(surface: ^Surface): Surface {
+	new := new_surface(surface.width, surface.height)
+	memory.copy(Color, surface.buf, new.buf, @intcast(surface.size))
+	return new
+}
+
+init := fn(doublebuffer: bool): Surface {
+	framebuffer = dt.get(^Color, "framebuffer/fb0/ptr\0")
+	width := dt.get(uint, "framebuffer/fb0/width\0")
+	height := dt.get(uint, "framebuffer/fb0/height\0")
+	if doublebuffer {
+		return new_surface(width, height)
 	} else {
-		ctx.buf = ctx.fb
+		return .(framebuffer, width, height, width * height)
 	}
-	ctx.double_buffer = enable
+}
+
+$clear := fn(surface: Surface, color: Color): void {
+	memory.set(Color, &color, surface.buf, surface.width * surface.height)
+}
+
+$sync := fn(surface: Surface): void {
+	memory.copy(Color, surface.buf, framebuffer, @bitcast(surface.width * surface.height))
+}
+
+$index := fn(surface: Surface, x: uint, y: uint): uint {
+	return x + surface.width * y
+}
+
+$indexptr := fn(surface: Surface, x: uint, y: uint): ^Color {
+	return surface.buf + index(surface, x, y)
+}
+
+$put_pixel := fn(surface: Surface, pos: Vec2(uint), color: Color): void {
+	return *indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y) = color
+}
+
+put_filled_rect := fn(surface: Surface, pos: Vec2(uint), tr: Vec2(uint), color: Color): void {
+	top_start_idx := indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y)
+	bottom_start_idx := indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y + tr.y - 1)
+	rows_to_fill := tr.y
+
+	loop if rows_to_fill <= 1 break else {
+		memory.set(Color, &color, top_start_idx, tr.x)
+		memory.set(Color, &color, bottom_start_idx, tr.x)
+
+		top_start_idx += surface.width
+		bottom_start_idx -= surface.width
+		rows_to_fill -= 2
+	}
+
+	if rows_to_fill == 1 {
+		memory.set(Color, &color, top_start_idx, tr.x)
+	}
+
 	return
 }
 
-create_back_buffer := fn(pages: int): ^Color {
-	if pages <= 0xFF {
-		return @bitcast(@inline(memory.request_page, pages))
-	}
-	ptr := @inline(memory.request_page, 255)
-	remaining := pages - 0xFF
-	loop if remaining <= 0 break else {
-		if remaining < 0xFF {
-			memory.request_page(remaining)
-		} else {
-			memory.request_page(0xFF)
-		}
-		remaining -= 0xFF
-	}
-	return @bitcast(ptr)
-}
+put_rect := fn(surface: Surface, pos: Vec2(uint), tr: Vec2(uint), color: Color): void {
+	start_idx := indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y)
+	end_idx := indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y + tr.y)
+	right_start_idx := indexptr(surface, pos.x + tr.x, pos.y)
 
-clear := fn(color: Color): void {
-	cursor := ctx.buf
-	boundary := cursor + 512
-	loop if cursor == boundary break else {
-		*cursor = color
-		cursor += 1
-	}
-	boundary += 512 * 7
-	loop if cursor == boundary break else {
-		*@as(^[Color; 512], @bitcast(cursor)) = *@as(^[Color; 512], @bitcast(ctx.buf))
-		cursor += 512
-	}
-	boundary += copy_pixels - 4096
-	loop if cursor == boundary break else {
-		*@as(^[Color; 4096], @bitcast(cursor)) = *@as(^[Color; 4096], @bitcast(ctx.buf))
-		cursor += 4096
-	}
-	boundary += (ctx.partitions - 1) * copy_pixels
-	loop if cursor == boundary break else {
-		*@as(^[Color; copy_pixels], @bitcast(cursor)) = *@as(^[Color; copy_pixels], @bitcast(ctx.buf))
-		cursor += @sizeof([u8; copy_pixels])
+	loop if start_idx > end_idx break else {
+		*start_idx = color;
+		*right_start_idx = color
+		start_idx += surface.width
+		right_start_idx += surface.width
 	}
+
+	memory.set(Color, &color, indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y), @bitcast(tr.x + 1))
+	memory.set(Color, &color, indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y + tr.y), @bitcast(tr.x + 1))
+
 	return
 }
 
-sync := fn(): void {
-	if ctx.double_buffer {
-		bb := ctx.buf
-		fb := ctx.fb
-		boundary := bb + ctx.pixels
-		loop if bb == boundary break else {
-			*@as(^[Color; copy_pixels], @bitcast(fb)) = *@as(^[Color; copy_pixels], @bitcast(bb))
-			bb += copy_pixels
-			fb += copy_pixels
-		}
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-width := fn(): int {
-	return ctx.width
-}
-
-height := fn(): int {
-	return ctx.height
-}
-
-screenidx := fn(x: int, y: int): int {
-	return x + ctx.width * y
-}
-
-put_pixel := fn(pos: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	*(ctx.buf + @inline(screenidx, pos.x, pos.y)) = color
-	return
-}
-
-put_filled_rect := fn(pos: IVec2, tr: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	x := pos.x
-	y := pos.y
-	end := pos + tr
-	loop if x == end.x break else {
-		loop if y == end.y break else {
-			*(ctx.buf + @inline(screenidx, x, y)) = color
-			y += 1
-		}
-		x += 1
-		y = pos.y
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-put_rect := fn(pos: IVec2, tr: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	x := pos.x
-	y := pos.y
-	end := pos + tr
-	loop if y == end.y break else {
-		*(ctx.buf + @inline(screenidx, x, y)) = color;
-		*(ctx.buf + @inline(screenidx, x + tr.x, y)) = color
-		y += 1
-	}
-	y = pos.y
-	loop if x == end.x break else {
-		*(ctx.buf + @inline(screenidx, x, y)) = color;
-		*(ctx.buf + @inline(screenidx, x, y + tr.y)) = color
-		x += 1
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-put_line_low := fn(p0: IVec2, p1: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	dx := p1.x - p0.x
-	dy := p1.y - p0.y
+put_line_low := fn(surface: Surface, p0: Vec2(uint), p1: Vec2(uint), color: Color): void {
+	dx := @as(int, @bitcast(p1.x - p0.x))
+	dy := @as(int, @bitcast(p1.y - p0.y))
 	yi := 1
 	if dy < 0 {
 		yi = -1
 		dy = -dy
 	}
-	D := 2 * dy - dx
+	D := @as(int, 2) * dy - dx
 	y := p0.y
 	x := p0.x
 	loop if x == p1.x break else {
-		*(ctx.buf + @inline(screenidx, x, y)) = color
+		*indexptr(surface, x, y) = color
 		if D > 0 {
 			y += yi
 			D += 2 * (dy - dx)
@@ -203,19 +122,19 @@ put_line_low := fn(p0: IVec2, p1: IVec2, color: Color): void {
 	return
 }
 
-put_line_high := fn(p0: IVec2, p1: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	dx := p1.x - p0.x
-	dy := p1.y - p0.y
+put_line_high := fn(surface: Surface, p0: Vec2(uint), p1: Vec2(uint), color: Color): void {
+	dx := @as(int, @bitcast(p1.x - p0.x))
+	dy := @as(int, @bitcast(p1.y - p0.y))
 	xi := 1
 	if dy < 0 {
 		xi = -1
 		dx = -dx
 	}
-	D := 2 * dx - dy
+	D := @as(int, 2) * dx - dy
 	x := p0.x
 	y := p0.y
 	loop if y == p1.y break else {
-		*(ctx.buf + @inline(screenidx, x, y)) = color
+		*indexptr(surface, x, y) = color
 		if D > 0 {
 			x += xi
 			D += 2 * (dx - dy)
@@ -227,35 +146,327 @@ put_line_high := fn(p0: IVec2, p1: IVec2, color: Color): void {
 	return
 }
 
-put_line := fn(p0: IVec2, p1: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	if @inline(math.abs, p1.y - p0.y) < @inline(math.abs, p1.x - p0.x) {
+put_line := fn(surface: Surface, p0: Vec2(uint), p1: Vec2(uint), color: Color): void {
+	if math.abs(uint, p1.y - p0.y) < math.abs(uint, p1.x - p0.x) {
 		if p0.x > p1.x {
-			@inline(put_line_low, p1, p0, color)
+			@inline(put_line_low, surface, p1, p0, color)
 		} else {
-			@inline(put_line_low, p0, p1, color)
+			@inline(put_line_low, surface, p0, p1, color)
 		}
 	} else {
 		if p0.y > p1.y {
-			@inline(put_line_high, p1, p0, color)
+			@inline(put_line_high, surface, p1, p0, color)
 		} else {
-			@inline(put_line_high, p0, p1, color)
+			@inline(put_line_high, surface, p0, p1, color)
 		}
 	}
 	return
 }
 
-set_height := fn(new: int): void {
+put_surface := fn(surface: Surface, top: Surface, pos: Vec2(uint), flip_v: bool): void {
+	src_top_cursor := top.buf
+	src_bottom_cursor := top.buf + top.width * (top.height - 1)
+
+	dst_top_idx := indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y)
+	dst_bottom_idx := indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y + top.height - 1)
+
+	dst_increment := surface.width
+
+	if flip_v {
+		dst_increment = -dst_increment
+		tmp := dst_top_idx
+		dst_top_idx = dst_bottom_idx
+		dst_bottom_idx = tmp
+	}
+
+	rows_to_copy := top.height
+
+	loop if rows_to_copy <= 1 break else {
+		memory.copy(Color, src_top_cursor, dst_top_idx, top.width)
+		memory.copy(Color, src_bottom_cursor, dst_bottom_idx, top.width)
+
+		dst_top_idx += dst_increment
+		dst_bottom_idx -= dst_increment
+		src_top_cursor += top.width
+		src_bottom_cursor -= top.width
+		rows_to_copy -= 2
+	}
+
+	if rows_to_copy == 1 {
+		memory.copy(Color, src_top_cursor, dst_top_idx, top.width)
+	}
+
 	return
 }
 
-set_width := fn(new: int): void {
+// peony-made
+put_trirect := fn(surface: Surface, pos: Vec2(uint), size: Vec2(int), color0: Color, color1: Color): void {
+	step := Vec2(int).(1, 1)
+	if size.x < 0 {
+		step.x = -1
+	}
+	if size.y < 0 {
+		step.y /= @bitcast(size.x)
+	}
+
+	start_y := pos.y
+	target := pos + @bitcast(size)
+
+	loop if pos.x == target.x break else {
+		@inline(put_vline, surface, pos.x, pos.y, target.y, color0)
+		@inline(put_vline, surface, pos.x, pos.y, start_y, color1)
+		pos += @bitcast(step)
+	}
+
 	return
 }
 
-dimensions := fn(): IVec2 {
-	return .(ctx.width, ctx.height)
-}
+// peony-made
+put_vline := fn(surface: Surface, x: uint, y0: uint, y1: uint, color: Color): void {
+	if y1 < y0 {
+		tmp := y0
+		y0 = y1
+		y1 = tmp
+	}
+	y := y0
+
+	loop if y == y1 break else {
+		*indexptr(surface, x, y) = color
+		y += 1
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// peony-made
+put_hline := fn(surface: Surface, y: uint, x0: uint, x1: uint, color: Color): void {
+	if x1 < x0 {
+		tmp := x0
+		x0 = x1
+		x1 = tmp
+	}
+	// x0 = math.min(x0, x1)
+	memory.set(Color, &color, indexptr(surface, x0, y), @bitcast(x1 - x0 - 1))
+
+	return
+}
+
+put_circle := fn(surface: Surface, pos: Vec2(uint), radius: uint, color: Color): void {
+	x := 0
+	y := radius
+	error := @as(int, 3) - @intcast(2 * radius);
+	*indexptr(surface, pos.x + radius, pos.y) = color;
+	*indexptr(surface, pos.x - radius, pos.y) = color;
+	*indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y + radius) = color;
+	*indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y - radius) = color
+
+	loop if y < x break else {
+		x += 1
+
+		if error > 0 {
+			y -= 1
+			error += 4 * (@intcast(x) - @intcast(y)) + 10
+		} else {
+			error += 4 * @intcast(x) + 6
+		};
+		*indexptr(surface, pos.x + x, pos.y + y) = color;
+		*indexptr(surface, pos.x + y, pos.y + x) = color;
+		*indexptr(surface, pos.x - x, pos.y + y) = color;
+		*indexptr(surface, pos.x - y, pos.y + x) = color;
+		*indexptr(surface, pos.x + x, pos.y - y) = color;
+		*indexptr(surface, pos.x + y, pos.y - x) = color;
+		*indexptr(surface, pos.x - x, pos.y - y) = color;
+		*indexptr(surface, pos.x - y, pos.y - x) = color
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+put_filled_circle := fn(surface: Surface, pos: Vec2(uint), radius: uint, color: Color): void {
+	x := 0
+	y := radius
+	error := @as(int, 3) - @intcast(2 * radius)
+	put_hline(surface, pos.y - x, pos.x - radius, pos.x + radius, color);
+	*indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y + radius) = color;
+	*indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y - radius) = color
+
+	loop if y < x break else {
+		x += 1
+
+		if error > 0 {
+			put_hline(surface, pos.y + y, pos.x - x, pos.x + x, color)
+			put_hline(surface, pos.y - y, pos.x - x, pos.x + x, color)
+			y -= 1
+			error += 4 * (@intcast(x) - @intcast(y)) + 10
+		} else {
+			error += 4 * @intcast(x) + 6
+		}
+		put_hline(surface, pos.y + x, pos.x - y, pos.x + y, color)
+		put_hline(surface, pos.y - x, pos.x - y, pos.x + y, color)
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+put_textured_circle := fn(surface: Surface, source: Surface, source_pos: Vec2(uint), pos: Vec2(uint), radius: uint): void {
+	x := 0
+	y := radius
+	error := @as(int, 3) - @intcast(2 * radius)
+	memory.copy(Color, indexptr(source, source_pos.x - y, source_pos.y), indexptr(surface, pos.x - y, pos.y), 2 * y);
+	*indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y + y) = *indexptr(source, source_pos.x, source_pos.y + y);
+	*indexptr(surface, pos.x, pos.y - y) = *indexptr(source, source_pos.x, source_pos.y - y)
+
+	loop if y < x break else {
+		x += 1
+
+		if error > 0 {
+			memory.copy(Color, indexptr(source, source_pos.x - x, source_pos.y + y), indexptr(surface, pos.x - x, pos.y + y), 2 * x)
+			memory.copy(Color, indexptr(source, source_pos.x - x, source_pos.y - y), indexptr(surface, pos.x - x, pos.y - y), 2 * x)
+			y -= 1
+			error += 4 * (@intcast(x) - @intcast(y)) + 10
+		} else {
+			error += 4 * @intcast(x) + 6
+		}
+		memory.copy(Color, indexptr(source, source_pos.x - y, source_pos.y + x), indexptr(surface, pos.x - y, pos.y + x), 2 * y)
+		memory.copy(Color, indexptr(source, source_pos.x - y, source_pos.y - x), indexptr(surface, pos.x - y, pos.y - x), 2 * y)
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+utf8_len_table := [u8].(0, 0, 2, 3)
+
+put_text := fn(surface: Surface, font: Font, pos: Vec2(uint), color: Color, str: ^u8): void {
+	cursor := Vec2(uint).(pos.x, pos.y)
+
+	max_y := surface.height - font.height
+	next_line_y := font.height + font.line_gap
+	char_advance := font.width + font.char_gap
+	surface_width := surface.width
+
+	loop if *str == 0 break else {
+		if cursor.y > max_y break
+
+		glyph_data := @as(^u8, idk)
+		code_point := @as(uint, 0)
+
+		if (*str & 0x80) == 0 {
+			if *str == 10 {
+				cursor.x = pos.x
+				cursor.y += next_line_y
+				str += 1
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if font.unicode == null {
+				if *str > font.num_glyphs {
+					str += 1
+					continue
+				}
+				glyph_data = get_glyph(font, *str)
+			} else {
+				if *str < UNC_TABLE_SIZE {
+					glyph_index := *(font.unicode + *str)
+					if glyph_index == 0xFFFF {
+						str += 1
+						continue
+					}
+					glyph_data = font.data + glyph_index * font.bytes_per_glyph
+				} else {
+					str += 1
+					continue
+				}
+			}
+			str += 1
+		} else if font.unicode != null {
+			first_byte := *str
+			num_bytes := @as(uint, 0)
+
+			num_bytes = utf8_len_table[first_byte >> 5 & 0x3]
+
+			if num_bytes == 0 {
+				str += 1
+				continue
+			}
+
+			code_point = first_byte & (0x7F >> num_bytes | 0x1F)
+
+			valid_sequence := true
+			bytes_processed := 1
+
+			loop if bytes_processed >= num_bytes break else {
+				str += 1
+				if *str == 0 | (*str & 0xC0) != 0x80 {
+					valid_sequence = false
+				}
+				if valid_sequence == false {
+					break
+				}
+				code_point = code_point << 6 | *str & 0x3F
+				bytes_processed += 1
+			}
+
+			if valid_sequence == false {
+				str += 1
+				continue
+			}
+
+			str += 1
+
+			if code_point == 10 {
+				cursor.x = pos.x
+				cursor.y += next_line_y
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if code_point >= UNC_TABLE_SIZE {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			glyph_index := *(font.unicode + code_point)
+			if glyph_index == 0xFFFF {
+				continue
+			}
+			glyph_data = font.data + glyph_index * font.bytes_per_glyph
+		}
+
+		if cursor.x + font.width >= surface_width {
+			cursor.x = pos.x
+			cursor.y += next_line_y
+		}
+
+		dest := indexptr(surface, cursor.x, cursor.y)
+		rows := font.height
+
+		loop if rows == 0 break else {
+			byte := *glyph_data
+			pixel_dest := dest
+			mask := @as(u8, 0x80)
+			bits := font.width
+
+			loop if bits == 0 break else {
+				if (byte & mask) != 0 {
+					*pixel_dest = color
+				}
+				pixel_dest += 1
+				mask >>= 1
+				if mask == 0 & bits > 0 {
+					glyph_data += 1
+					byte = *glyph_data
+					mask = 0x80
+				}
+				bits -= 1
+			}
+
+			if mask != 0x80 {
+				glyph_data += 1
+			}
+			dest += surface_width
+			rows -= 1
+		}
+
+		cursor.x += char_advance
+	}
 
-set_dimensions := fn(new: IVec2): void {
 	return
 }

sysdata/libraries/render/src/svga.hb

@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-.{IVec2} := @use("lib.hb")
-// .{pci, memory, string, log} := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb");
-
-Color := struct {b: u8, g: u8, r: u8, a: u8}
-white := Color.(255, 255, 255, 255)
-black := Color.(0, 0, 0, 255)
-gray := Color.(127, 127, 127, 255)
-red := Color.(0, 0, 205, 255)
-green := Color.(0, 205, 0, 255)
-yellow := Color.(0, 205, 205, 255)
-blue := Color.(205, 0, 0, 255)
-magenta := Color.(205, 0, 205, 255)
-cyan := Color.(205, 205, 0, 255)
-light_gray := Color.(229, 229, 229, 255)
-light_red := Color.(0, 0, 255, 255)
-light_green := Color.(0, 255, 0, 255)
-light_yellow := Color.(0, 255, 255, 255)
-light_blue := Color.(255, 0, 0, 255)
-light_magenta := Color.(255, 0, 255, 255)
-light_cyan := Color.(255, 255, 0, 255)
-
-clear := fn(color: Color): void {
-	return
-}
-
-width := fn(): int {
-	return 0
-}
-
-height := fn(): int {
-	return 0
-}
-
-dimensions := fn(): IVec2 {
-	return .(0, 0)
-}
-
-put_pixel := fn(position: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	return
-}
-
-put_filled_rect := fn(pos: IVec2, tr: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	return
-}
-
-put_rect := fn(pos: IVec2, tr: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	return
-}
-
-put_line_low := fn(p0: IVec2, p1: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	return
-}
-// do not use, use line() instead
-put_line_high := fn(p0: IVec2, p1: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	return
-}
-
-put_line := fn(p0: IVec2, p1: IVec2, color: Color): void {
-	return
-}
-
-set_height := fn(new: int): void {
-	return
-}
-
-set_width := fn(new: int): void {
-	return
-}
-
-set_dimensions := fn(new: IVec2): void {
-	return
-}
-
-sync := fn(): void {
-	return
-}
-
-init := fn(): void {
-	return
-}

sysdata/libraries/render/src/text.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+.{log, memory} := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb")
+
+PSF1Header := packed struct {
+	magic: u16,
+	font_mode: u8,
+	character_size: u8,
+}
+
+PSF2Header := packed struct {
+	magic: u32,
+	version: u32,
+	header_size: u32,
+	flags: u32,
+	num_glyph: u32,
+	bytes_per_glyph: u32,
+	height: u32,
+	width: u32,
+}
+
+Font := struct {
+	data: ^u8,
+	width: uint,
+	height: uint,
+	num_glyphs: uint,
+	bytes_per_glyph: uint,
+	line_gap: uint,
+	char_gap: uint,
+	unicode: ?^u16,
+}
+
+font_from_psf1 := fn(psf: ^u8): ?Font {
+	header := @as(^PSF1Header, @bitcast(psf))
+	if header.magic != 0x436 {
+		log.error("failed to load psf font: not a psf1 font, idiot\0")
+		return null
+	}
+
+	psf += @sizeof(PSF1Header)
+
+	return .(
+		psf,
+		8,
+		header.character_size,
+		256,
+		header.character_size,
+		0,
+		0,
+		null,
+	)
+}
+
+font_from_psf2 := fn(psf: ^u8, unicode: bool): ?Font {
+	header := @as(^PSF2Header, @bitcast(psf))
+	if header.magic != 0x864AB572 {
+		log.error("failed to load psf font: not a psf2 font, idiot\0")
+		return null
+	}
+
+	psf += header.header_size
+
+	font := Font.(
+		psf,
+		header.width,
+		header.height,
+		header.num_glyph,
+		header.bytes_per_glyph,
+		0,
+		0,
+		null,
+	)
+	if (header.flags & 1) != 0 & unicode {
+		init_unicode(&font)
+	}
+	return font
+}
+
+$get_glyph := fn(font: Font, index: u8): ^u8 {
+	return font.data + @as(uint, index) * font.bytes_per_glyph
+}
+
+$UNC_TABLE_SIZE := 1 << 16
+
+init_unicode := fn(font: ^Font): void {
+	font.unicode = memory.alloc(u16, UNC_TABLE_SIZE)
+
+	memory.set(u16, &0xFFFF, font.unicode, UNC_TABLE_SIZE)
+
+	table := font.data + font.num_glyphs * font.bytes_per_glyph
+	curr_glyph := @as(u16, 0)
+
+	loop if curr_glyph >= font.num_glyphs break else {
+		loop {
+			byte := *table
+			table += 1
+
+			if byte == 0xFF break
+			if byte == 0xFE {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			unicode := @as(uint, 0)
+			bytes_to_read := @as(uint, 1)
+
+			if (byte & 0x80) == 0 {
+				unicode = byte
+			} else if (byte & 0xE0) == 0xC0 {
+				unicode = byte & 0x1F
+				bytes_to_read = 2
+			} else if (byte & 0xF0) == 0xE0 {
+				unicode = byte & 0xF
+				bytes_to_read = 3
+			} else if (byte & 0xF8) == 0xF0 {
+				unicode = byte & 0x7
+				bytes_to_read = 4
+			} else {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			valid := true
+			loop if bytes_to_read <= 1 break else {
+				next_byte := *table
+				if (next_byte & 0xC0) != 0x80 {
+					valid = false
+					break
+				}
+				unicode = unicode << 6 | next_byte & 0x3F
+				table += 1
+				bytes_to_read -= 1
+			}
+
+			if valid == false continue
+
+			if bytes_to_read == 4 {
+				if unicode < 0x10000 | unicode > 0x10FFFF continue
+
+				if unicode <= 0xFFFF {
+					if unicode < UNC_TABLE_SIZE {
+						*(@unwrap(font.unicode) + unicode) = curr_glyph
+					}
+				} else {
+					unicode -= 0x10000
+					high_surrogate := 0xD800 | unicode >> 10 & 0x3FF
+					low_surrogate := 0xDC00 | unicode & 0x3FF
+
+					if high_surrogate < UNC_TABLE_SIZE {
+						*(@unwrap(font.unicode) + high_surrogate) = curr_glyph
+					}
+					if low_surrogate < UNC_TABLE_SIZE {
+						*(@unwrap(font.unicode) + low_surrogate) = curr_glyph
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				if unicode < UNC_TABLE_SIZE {
+					*(@unwrap(font.unicode) + unicode) = curr_glyph
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		curr_glyph += 1
+	}
+}

sysdata/libraries/stn/src/buffer.hb

@@ -1,22 +1,35 @@
 string := @use("string.hb")
 
-receive_message := fn(buffer_id: int, memory_map_location: ^u8, length: int): ^u8 {
+$recv := fn($Expr: type, buffer_id: uint, memory_map_location: ^Expr): void {
+	return @eca(4, buffer_id, memory_map_location, @sizeof(Expr))
+}
+
+$write := fn($Expr: type, buffer_id: uint, msg: ^Expr): void {
+	return @eca(3, buffer_id, msg, @sizeof(Expr))
+}
+
+$recv_length := fn(length: uint, memory_map_location: ^u8, buffer_id: uint): void {
 	return @eca(4, buffer_id, memory_map_location, length)
 }
 
-send_message := fn(msg: ^u8, buffer_id: int, length: int): void {
+$write_length := fn(length: uint, msg: ^u8, buffer_id: uint): void {
 	return @eca(3, buffer_id, msg, length)
 }
 
-create := fn(msg: ^u8): int {
-	msg_length := @inline(string.length, msg);
-	*msg = 0
-	return @eca(3, 0, msg, msg_length)
+BufferMsg := packed struct {operation: u8, msg: ^u8, msg_len: uint}
+
+create := fn(msg: ^u8): uint {
+	return @eca(3, 0, BufferMsg.(0, msg, @inline(string.length, msg)), @sizeof(BufferMsg))
 }
 
-search := fn(msg: ^u8): int {
-	msg_length := @inline(string.length, msg);
-	*msg = 3
-
-	return @eca(3, 0, msg, msg_length)
+$create_nameless := fn(): uint {
+	return @eca(1, 0)
+}
+
+$delete_buffer := fn(buffer_id: uint): void {
+	return @eca(2, buffer_id)
+}
+
+search := fn(msg: ^u8): uint {
+	return @eca(3, 0, BufferMsg.(3, msg, @inline(string.length, msg)), @sizeof(BufferMsg))
 }

sysdata/libraries/stn/src/dt.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+.{string} := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb")
+
+get := fn($Expr: type, query: ^u8): Expr {
+	return @eca(3, 5, query, @inline(string.length, query))
+}

sysdata/libraries/stn/src/lib.hb

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 acs := @use("acs.hb")
-
 string := @use("string.hb")
 log := @use("log.hb")
 memory := @use("memory.hb")
@@ -7,3 +6,15 @@ buffer := @use("buffer.hb")
 math := @use("math.hb")
 random := @use("random.hb")
 file := @use("file_io.hb")
+dt := @use("dt.hb")
+process := @use("process.hb")
+
+panic := fn(message: ?^u8): never {
+	log.error("Error: Panic Called, Message:\0")
+	if message == null {
+		log.error("None\0")
+	} else {
+		log.error(message)
+	}
+	die
+}

sysdata/libraries/stn/src/log.hb

@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 string := @use("string.hb")
-buffer := @use("buffer.hb")
 
-log := fn(message: ^u8, level: u8): void {
-	message_length := @inline(string.length, message);
-	*(message + message_length) = level
+LogMsg := packed struct {level: u8, string: ^u8, strlen: uint}
 
-	return @eca(3, 1, message, message_length + 1)
+log := fn(level: u8, message: ^u8): void {
+	return @eca(3, 1, LogMsg.(level, message, @inline(string.length, message)), @sizeof(LogMsg))
 }
 
-error := fn(message: ^u8): void return log(message, 0)
-warn := fn(message: ^u8): void return log(message, 1)
-info := fn(message: ^u8): void return log(message, 2)
-debug := fn(message: ^u8): void return log(message, 3)
-trace := fn(message: ^u8): void return log(message, 4)
+error := fn(message: ^u8): void return @inline(log, 0, message)
+warn := fn(message: ^u8): void return @inline(log, 1, message)
+info := fn(message: ^u8): void return @inline(log, 2, message)
+debug := fn(message: ^u8): void return @inline(log, 3, message)
+trace := fn(message: ^u8): void return @inline(log, 4, message)

sysdata/libraries/stn/src/memory.hb

@@ -1,39 +1,76 @@
-request_page := fn(page_count: u8): ^u8 {
-	msg := "\{00}\{01}xxxxxxxx\0"
-	msg_page_count := msg + 1;
-	*msg_page_count = page_count
-	return @eca(3, 2, msg, 12)
+$PAGE_SIZE := 4096
+$MAX_ALLOC := 0xFF
+$MAX_FREE := 0xFF
+
+$uninit := fn($Expr: type): ?Expr {
+	return null
 }
 
-release_page := fn(ptr: ^u8, page_count: u8): void {
-	msg := "\{01}\{00}xxxxxxxx\0"
-
-	msg_page_count := msg + 1;
-	*msg_page_count = page_count
-
-	msg_ptr := @as(^^u8, @bitcast(msg + 2));
-	*msg_ptr = ptr
-
-	return @eca(3, 2, msg, 12)
+$dangling := fn($Expr: type): ^Expr {
+	return @bitcast(@alignof(Expr))
 }
 
-OutbMsg := struct {a: u8, b: u8, addr: u16, value: u8}
-InbMsg := struct {a: u8, b: u8, addr: u16}
-OutlMsg := struct {a: u8, b: u8, addr: u16, value: u32}
-InlMsg := struct {a: u8, b: u8, addr: u16}
+$calc_pages := fn($Expr: type, num: uint): uint {
+	return 1 + @sizeof(Expr) * num / PAGE_SIZE
+}
 
-outb := fn(addr: u16, value: u8): void {
+// ! will be replaced, don't get attached
+alloc := fn($Expr: type, num: uint): ^Expr {
+	pages := calc_pages(Expr, num)
+	if pages <= MAX_ALLOC {
+		return @bitcast(request_page(@intcast(pages)))
+	}
+	ptr := request_page(MAX_ALLOC)
+	remaining := pages - MAX_ALLOC
+	loop if remaining < MAX_ALLOC break else {
+		_ = request_page(MAX_ALLOC)
+		remaining -= MAX_ALLOC
+	}
+	_ = request_page(@intcast(remaining))
+	return @bitcast(ptr)
+}
+
+// ! stub
+$free := fn($Expr: type, ptr: ^Expr, num: uint, nullify: bool): void {
+	return
+}
+
+RqPageMsg := packed struct {a: u8, count: u8}
+$request_page := fn(count: u8): ^u8 {
+	return @eca(3, 2, &RqPageMsg.(0, count), @sizeof(RqPageMsg))
+}
+
+RlPageMsg := packed struct {a: u8, count: u8, ptr: ^u8}
+$release_page := fn(ptr: ^u8, count: u8): void {
+	return @eca(3, 2, &RlPageMsg.(1, count, ptr), @sizeof(RlPageMsg))
+}
+
+OutbMsg := packed struct {a: u8, b: u8, addr: u16, value: u8}
+$outb := fn(addr: u16, value: u8): void {
 	return @eca(3, 3, &OutbMsg.(1, 0, addr, value), @sizeof(OutbMsg))
 }
 
-inb := fn(addr: u16): u8 {
+InbMsg := packed struct {a: u8, b: u8, addr: u16}
+$inb := fn(addr: u16): u8 {
 	return @eca(3, 3, &InbMsg.(0, 0, addr), @sizeof(InbMsg))
 }
 
-outl := fn(addr: u16, value: u32): void {
+OutlMsg := packed struct {a: u8, b: u8, addr: u16, value: u32}
+$outl := fn(addr: u16, value: u32): void {
 	return @eca(3, 3, &OutlMsg.(1, 2, addr, value), @sizeof(OutlMsg))
 }
 
-inl := fn(addr: u16): u32 {
+InlMsg := packed struct {a: u8, b: u8, addr: u16}
+$inl := fn(addr: u16): u32 {
 	return @eca(3, 3, &InlMsg.(0, 2, addr), @sizeof(InlMsg))
 }
+
+CopyMsg := packed struct {a: u8, count: u32, src: ^u8, dest: ^u8}
+$copy := fn($Expr: type, src: ^Expr, dest: ^Expr, count: uint): void {
+	return @eca(3, 2, &CopyMsg.(4, @intcast(count * @sizeof(Expr)), @bitcast(src), @bitcast(dest)), @sizeof(CopyMsg))
+}
+
+SetMsg := packed struct {a: u8, count: u32, size: u32, src: ^u8, dest: ^u8}
+$set := fn($Expr: type, src: ^Expr, dest: ^Expr, count: uint): void {
+	return @eca(3, 2, &SetMsg.(5, @intcast(count), @intcast(@sizeof(Expr)), @bitcast(src), @bitcast(dest)), @sizeof(SetMsg))
+}

sysdata/libraries/stn/src/process.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// ! will be rewritten to take a file object when filesystem is exist
+// returns PID
+$spawn := fn(proc_exe: ^u8, length: uint): uint {
+	return @eca(3, 6, proc_exe, length)
+}
+
+/* TODO:
+- Spawn an empty process
+- Call a function to load bytes into that process from a function
+Or
+- Manually fill the bytes in
+- Execute the process via a run type command */

sysdata/libraries/stn/src/random.hb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-integer := fn(): int {
-	return @eca(3, 4)
+any := fn($Expr: type): Expr {
+	return *@eca(3, 4, &@as(Expr, idk), @sizeof(Expr))
 }
 
-integer_range := fn(min: int, max: int): int {
-	return @eca(3, 4) % (max - min + 1) + min
+range := fn($Expr: type, min: Expr, max: Expr): Expr {
+	return *@eca(3, 4, &@as(Expr, idk), @sizeof(Expr)) % (max - min) + *@bitcast(&1) + min
 }

sysdata/libraries/stn/src/sleep.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+subscribe_to_interrupt := fn(interrupt_number: u8): bool {
+	return false
+}
+// Pauses execution until the interrupt occures
+sleep_until_interrupt := fn(interrupt_number: u8): void {
+}

sysdata/libraries/stn/src/string.hb

@@ -1,48 +1,63 @@
-length := fn(ptr: ^u8): int {
+length := fn(ptr: ^u8): uint {
 	len := 0
-	loop if *(ptr + len) == 0 break else len += 1
-	return len
+	loop if *(ptr + len) == 0 return len else len += 1
 }
 
-// WTFFF is wrong with display_int
-display_int := fn(num: int, p: ^u8): ^u8 {
+display_int := fn(num: int, p: ^u8, radix: uint): ^u8 {
+	is_negative := num < 0
+	if is_negative num = -num
+
 	ptr := p
-	negative := num < 0
-	if negative {
-		num = -num
-	}
+
 	if num == 0 {
-		*ptr = 48
-		ptr += 1
-	} else {
+		*ptr = 0x30;
+		*(ptr + 1) = 0
+		return p
+	}
+
 	loop if num == 0 break else {
-			*ptr = num % 10 + 48
-			ptr += 1
-			num /= 10
+		remainder := num % @bitcast(radix)
+		num /= @bitcast(radix);
+		*ptr = @intcast(remainder + 0x30)
+		if remainder > 9 {
+			*ptr = @intcast(remainder - 10 + 0x41)
 		}
-	}
-	if negative {
-		*ptr = 45
 		ptr += 1
-	};
-	*ptr = 0
+	}
+
+	if is_negative {
+		*ptr = 0x2D
+		ptr += 1
+	}
+	// ! it gets broked when you do this ??
+	// *ptr = 0
+
 	@inline(reverse, p)
 	return p
 }
 
 reverse := fn(s: ^u8): void {
-	//reverse a string, don't remove digits
-	len := 0
-	loop if *(s + len) == 0 break else len += 1
-	i := 0
-	j := len - 1
-	temp := 0
-	loop if i >= j break else {
-		temp = *(s + i);
-		*(s + i) = *(s + j);
-		*(s + j) = temp
-		i += 1
+	j := s + @inline(length, s) - 1
+	temp := @as(u8, 0)
+	loop if s < j {
+		temp = *s;
+		*s = *j;
+		*j = temp
+		s += 1
 		j -= 1
-	}
-	return
+	} else return
+}
+
+equals := fn(lhs: ^u8, rhs: ^u8): bool {
+	if lhs == rhs {
+		return true
+	}
+	loop if *lhs != *rhs {
+		return false
+	} else if *lhs == 0 {
+		return true
+	} else {
+		lhs += 1
+		rhs += 1
+	}
 }

sysdata/libraries/sunset_proto/src/client.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+.{math: .{Vec2}, buffer, log, memory, string} := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{Channel, Window, send_header, send_message, await_channel, await_header, await_message, message, BUFFER_SERVER, BUFFER_CLIENT, WindowProps, WindowData} := @use("./lib.hb");
+.{new_surface, Color} := @use("../../render/src/lib.hb")
+
+// ! in the future this should be safely handled
+channel := Channel.(0, 0)
+
+find_server := fn(): void {
+	log.info("client: locating server\0")
+	channel2 := await_channel()
+	channel.server = channel2.server
+	channel.client = channel2.client
+	log.info("client: server located\0")
+}
+
+new := fn(props: WindowProps): ?Window {
+	send_header(message.syn, channel.server)
+	response := await_message(Channel, channel.client)
+	if response.header.kind != message.ack {
+		return null
+	}
+	log.info("client: recv ack\0")
+	send_message(WindowProps, message.props, props, response.body.server)
+	windowdata := await_message(WindowData, response.body.client)
+	if windowdata.header.kind != message.ack {
+		return null
+	}
+	log.info("client: recv windowdata\0")
+	surface := new_surface(windowdata.body.props.dimensions.x, windowdata.body.props.dimensions.y)
+	return .(windowdata.body, surface)
+}
+
+quit := fn(client: Window): void {
+	send_header(message.quit, client.data.channel.server)
+}
+
+connected := fn(client: Window): bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+shutdown_server := fn(client: Window): bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+update_props := fn(client: Window): bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+update_permissions := fn(client: Window): bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+send_frame := fn(client: Window): bool {
+	send_header(message.frame_ready, client.data.channel.server)
+	response := await_message(uint, client.data.channel.client)
+	if response.header.kind != message.ack {
+		return false
+	}
+	// ! FOR NOW, server will ALWAYS be local,
+	// ! so we can send pointer to surface.
+	send_message(^Color, message.ack, client.surface.buf, client.data.channel.server)
+	return true
+}

sysdata/libraries/sunset_proto/src/lib.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+.{math: .{Vec2}, buffer, memory} := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface} := @use("../../render/src/lib.hb")
+
+$BUFFER_SERVER := "sunset_server\0"
+$BUFFER_CLIENT := "sunset_client\0"
+
+Channel := packed struct {
+	client: uint,
+	server: uint,
+}
+
+client := @use("./client.hb")
+server := @use("./server.hb")
+message := @use("./message.hb")
+permissions := @use("./permissions.hb")
+
+$send_message := fn($Expr: type, kind: MessageKind, msg: Expr, buffer_id: uint): void {
+	buffer.write(?Message(Expr), buffer_id, &@as(?Message(Expr), .(.(kind), msg)))
+}
+
+$send_header := fn(kind: MessageKind, buffer_id: uint): void {
+	buffer.write(?MessageHeader, buffer_id, &@as(?MessageHeader, .(kind)))
+}
+
+$recv_message := fn($Expr: type, buffer_id: uint): Message(Expr) {
+	response := @as(?Message(Expr), null)
+	buffer.recv(?Message(Expr), buffer_id, &response)
+	return response
+}
+
+$recv_header := fn(buffer_id: uint): ?MessageHeader {
+	response := @as(?MessageHeader, null)
+	buffer.recv(?MessageHeader, buffer_id, &response)
+	return response
+}
+
+await_channel := fn(): Channel {
+	channel := Channel.(0, 0)
+	loop if channel.server != 0 break else {
+		channel.server = buffer.search(BUFFER_SERVER)
+	}
+	loop if channel.client != 0 break else {
+		channel.client = buffer.search(BUFFER_CLIENT)
+	}
+	return channel
+}
+
+await_message := fn($Expr: type, buffer_id: uint): Message(Expr) {
+	response := @as(?Message(Expr), null)
+	loop {
+		buffer.recv(?Message(Expr), buffer_id, &response)
+		if response != null {
+			return @as(Message(Expr), response)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+await_header := fn(buffer_id: uint): MessageHeader {
+	response := @as(?MessageHeader, null)
+	loop {
+		buffer.recv(?MessageHeader, buffer_id, &response)
+		if response != null {
+			return @as(?MessageHeader, response)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+MessageKind := u8
+
+MessageHeader := packed struct {
+	kind: MessageKind,
+}
+
+Message := fn($Expr: type): type {
+	return packed struct {
+		header: MessageHeader,
+		body: Expr,
+	}
+}
+
+WindowProps := struct {
+	position: Vec2(uint),
+	dimensions: Vec2(uint),
+	// ! replace with owned string type later
+	title: ^u8,
+}
+
+WindowData := struct {
+	props: WindowProps,
+	channel: Channel,
+	permissions: uint,
+}
+
+Window := struct {
+	data: WindowData,
+	surface: Surface,
+}

sysdata/libraries/sunset_proto/src/message.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// ! all values in this file are subject to change.
+$syn := 1
+$ack := 2
+$refused := 3
+$quit := 4
+$props := 5
+$shutdown := 6
+$frame_ready := 7

sysdata/libraries/sunset_proto/src/permissions.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+$none := 0b0
+$exclusive_framebuffer := 0b1
+$shutdown := 0b100
+
+$default := none

sysdata/libraries/sunset_proto/src/server.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+.{math, log, string, random, buffer, memory} := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{Color, Surface, new_surface, put_surface, sync, put_rect, put_filled_rect, text, put_text, clear, white, black} := @use("../../render/src/lib.hb");
+.{Channel, Window, WindowProps, WindowData, MessageHeader, BUFFER_SERVER, BUFFER_CLIENT, message, permissions, recv_header, recv_message, send_message, send_header, await_message} := @use("./lib.hb")
+
+WindowServer := struct {
+	window_count: uint,
+	channel: Channel,
+	// ! replace this with a collection when we get an allocator
+	windows: [?Window; 10],
+	font: text.Font,
+}
+
+// ! in the future this should be safely handled
+server := @as(WindowServer, idk)
+
+psf := @embed("../../../assets/consolefonts/tamsyn/10x20r.psf")
+
+start := fn(): void {
+	font := text.font_from_psf2(@bitcast(&psf), false)
+	if font == null {
+		log.error("server: failed to load asset\0")
+		return
+	}
+	server = .(
+		0,
+		.{client: buffer.create(BUFFER_CLIENT), server: buffer.create(BUFFER_SERVER)},
+		.(null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null),
+		@as(text.Font, font),
+	)
+	log.info("server: started server\0")
+}
+
+incoming := fn(): bool {
+	msg := recv_header(server.channel.server)
+	if msg == null {
+		return true
+	}
+	if msg.kind == message.syn {
+		log.info("server: recv syn\0")
+		channel := Channel.(buffer.create_nameless(), buffer.create_nameless())
+		send_message(Channel, message.ack, channel, server.channel.client)
+		props := await_message(WindowProps, channel.server)
+		if props.header.kind != message.props {
+			return true
+		}
+		log.info("server: recv props\0")
+		// ! do inspection of requested props here
+		data := WindowData.(props.body, channel, permissions.default)
+		send_message(WindowData, message.ack, data, channel.client)
+		surface := new_window_decorations(data.props.dimensions)
+		// decorations
+		{
+			title := data.props.title
+			title_length := string.length(title)
+			deco_length := title_length * 10
+			// draw the window tab bar
+			put_filled_rect(surface, .(0, 0), .(data.props.dimensions.x + DECO_WIDTH + deco_length, DECO_HEIGHT_TOP), DECO_COLOUR)
+			// Draw the window tab
+			put_filled_rect(surface, .(0, 0), .(deco_length, DECO_HEIGHT_TOP - 1), DECO_COLOUR_DARKER)
+
+			// Draw the outside box
+			put_rect(surface, .(0, 0), data.props.dimensions + .(DECO_WIDTH - 1, DECO_HEIGHT_TOP + DECO_HEIGHT_BOTTOM - 1), DECO_COLOUR)
+
+			put_text(surface, server.font, .(2, 1), .(0, 0, 0, 255), data.props.title)
+		}
+		server.windows[server.window_count] = .(data, surface)
+		server.window_count += 1
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+$DECO_WIDTH := 2
+$DECO_HEIGHT_TOP := 20
+$DECO_HEIGHT_BOTTOM := 1
+$DECO_COLOUR := Color.(100, 200, 255, 255)
+$DECO_COLOUR_DARKER := Color.(89, 57, 89, 255)
+
+new_window_decorations := fn(dimensions: math.Vec2(uint)): Surface {
+	return new_surface(
+		dimensions.x + DECO_WIDTH,
+		dimensions.y + DECO_HEIGHT_TOP + DECO_HEIGHT_BOTTOM,
+	)
+}
+
+// ! compositor code. this currently disallows tearing.
+
+collect_frames := fn(): void {
+	i := 0
+	loop if i == 10 break else {
+		window := server.windows[i]
+		if window == null {
+			i += 1
+			continue
+		}
+		header := recv_header(window.data.channel.server)
+		if header == null {
+			i += 1
+			continue
+		}
+		if header.kind != message.frame_ready {
+			i += 1
+			continue
+		}
+		send_header(message.ack, window.data.channel.client)
+		ptr := await_message(^Color, window.data.channel.server)
+		if ptr.header.kind != message.ack {
+			return
+		}
+		put_surface(
+			window.surface,
+			Surface.(
+				ptr.body,
+				window.data.props.dimensions.x,
+				window.data.props.dimensions.y,
+				window.data.props.dimensions.x * window.data.props.dimensions.y,
+			),
+			.(DECO_WIDTH / 2, DECO_HEIGHT_TOP),
+			false,
+		)
+		i += 1
+	}
+}
+
+render_clients := fn(screen: Surface): void {
+	i := 0
+	loop if i == 10 break else {
+		window := server.windows[i]
+		if window == null {
+			i += 1
+			continue
+		}
+		put_surface(screen, window.surface, window.data.props.position, false)
+		i += 1
+	}
+}

sysdata/programs/dt_buffer_test/src/main.hb

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
-dt_api := @use("../../../libraries/dt_api/src/lib.hb");
-.{dt_get} := dt_api
+.{dt} := @use("../../../libraries/stn/src/lib.hb")
 
-main := fn(): int {
-	dt_api.dt_get("framebuffer/fb0/width\0")
-	dt_api.dt_get("cpu/cpu0/architecture\0")
+main := fn(): void {
+	dt.get(void, "framebuffer/fb0/width\0")
+	dt.get(void, "cpu/cpu0/architecture\0")
 
 	// Checking if the first detected serial port is memory mapped or port mapped
 	// 0 -> memory mapped
 	// 1 -> port mapped
-	dt_get("serial_ports/sp0/mapping\0")
+	dt.get(void, "serial_ports/sp0/mapping\0")
 
-	return 0
+	return
 }

sysdata/programs/filesystem_fat32/src/attributes.hb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-READ_ONLY := 0x1
-HIDDEN := 0x2
-SYSTEM := 0x4
-VOLUME_ID := 0x8
-DIRECTORY := 0x10
-ARCHIVE := 0x20
+READ_ONLY := @as(u32, 0x1)
+HIDDEN := @as(u32, 0x2)
+SYSTEM := @as(u32, 0x4)
+VOLUME_ID := @as(u32, 0x8)
+DIRECTORY := @as(u32, 0x10)
+ARCHIVE := @as(u32, 0x20)
 LFN := READ_ONLY | HIDDEN | SYSTEM | VOLUME_ID

sysdata/programs/filesystem_fat32/src/bios_parameter_block.hb

@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ OemIdent := struct {
 }
 
 new_oem_ident := fn(major: int, minor: int): OemIdent {
-	ver := [u8].(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
-	return OemIdent.(ver, ver)
+	return .(.(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), .(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0))
 }
 
 BiosParameterBlock := struct {
@@ -38,9 +37,7 @@ bpb_sanity_check := fn(bpb: BiosParameterBlock): int {
 }
 
 new_bpb := fn(): BiosParameterBlock {
-	oem := new_oem_ident(0, 0)
-
-	return BiosParameterBlock.(VALID_JUMP_BYTES, oem, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+	return .(VALID_JUMP_BYTES, new_oem_ident(0, 0), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
 }
 
 sector_count := fn(bpb: BiosParameterBlock): u32 {
@@ -63,7 +60,7 @@ VolumeName := [u8; 11]
 
 SystemIdentifierString := [u8; 8]
 VALID_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER_STRING := [u8].(46, 41, 54, 33, 32, 20, 20, 20)
-BOOTABLE_PARTITION_SIGNATURE := 0xAA55
+BOOTABLE_PARTITION_SIGNATURE := @as(u32, 0xAA55)
 
 BootCode := [u8; 420]
 
@@ -100,9 +97,10 @@ ebr_sanity_check := fn(ebr: ExtendedBootRecord): int {
 		log.warn("EBR-Signature sanity check failed\0")
 	}
 
-	if ebr.system_identifier_string != VALID_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER_STRING {
-		log.warn("EBR-Signature-Identifier-String sanity check failed\0")
-	}
+	// ! comparison between [u8] is not supported in hblang
+	// if ebr.system_identifier_string != VALID_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER_STRING {
+	// log.warn("EBR-Signature-Identifier-String sanity check failed\0")
+	// }
 	return 0
 }
 
@@ -131,8 +129,8 @@ new_ebr := fn(): ExtendedBootRecord {
 	)
 }
 
-VALID_LEAD_FS_INFO := 0x41615252
-VALID_TRAIL_FS_INFO := 0xAA550000
+VALID_LEAD_FS_INFO := @as(u32, 0x41615252)
+VALID_TRAIL_FS_INFO := @as(u32, 0xAA550000)
 
 FSInfo := struct {
 	// Must be 0x41615252 to indicate a valid FSInfo structure
@@ -145,7 +143,7 @@ FSInfo := struct {
 	trail_signature: u32,
 }
 
-fs_info_sanity_check := fn(fs_info: FSInfo): int {
+fs_info_sanity_check := fn(fs_info: FSInfo): uint {
 	ret := 0
 	if fs_info.lead_signature != VALID_LEAD_FS_INFO {
 		ret &= 1

sysdata/programs/filesystem_fat32/src/main.hb

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ FAT12 := 1
 FAT16 := 2
 FAT32 := 3
 
-calculate_fat_type := fn(sector_size: int, total_clusters: int): int {
+calculate_fat_type := fn(sector_size: uint, total_clusters: uint): uint {
 	if sector_size == 0 {
 		return ExFAT
 	} else if total_clusters < 4085 {

sysdata/programs/horizon/src/main.hb

@@ -1,11 +1,152 @@
 stn := @use("../../../libraries/stn/src/lib.hb");
-.{string, memory, buffer} := stn
+.{string, memory, buffer, random, log} := stn;
+.{Vec2} := stn.math
 
-horizon_api := @use("../../../libraries/horizon_api/src/lib.hb")
+horizon_api := @use("../../../libraries/horizon_api/src/lib.hb");
+.{new_label, render_label_to_surface, set_label_text} := horizon_api.widgets.label;
+.{sexpr_parser, render_ui} := horizon_api.ui
+
+render := @use("../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface} := render;
+.{Font} := render.text
+
+intouch := @use("../../../libraries/intouch/src/lib.hb")
+
+Window := struct {
+	// TODO: Replace this with widgets
+	implicit_framebuffer: render.Surface,
+	width: int,
+	height: int,
+	x: int,
+	y: int,
+}
+
+psf := @embed("../../../assets/consolefonts/tamsyn/10x20r.psf")
+img := @embed("../../../assets/wallpaper.qoi")
 
 main := fn(): int {
-	a := buffer.create("XHorizon\0")
+	win_buff := buffer.create("XHorizon\0")
+
+	screen := render.init(true)
+
+	// Clear the screen to black.
+	render.clear(screen, render.black)
+
+	wallpaper := render.image.from(@bitcast(&img))
+	if wallpaper == null {
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	window := render.new_surface(screen.width / 3, screen.height / 3)
+
+	mem_buf := memory.request_page(1)
+	color := random.any(render.Color)
+	side := window.width / 8
+
+	// really we should null check but it is a bit broked
+	font := @unwrap(render.text.font_from_psf2(@bitcast(&psf), false))
+
+	mouse_x := @as(i16, 0)
+	mouse_y := @as(i16, 0)
+	text_label := new_label("Hi\0")
+
+	// widgets := "()\0"
+	// ui := sexpr_parser(widgets)
+
 	loop {
+		// Clear the screen
+		render.clear(screen, render.black)
+
+		render.put_surface(screen, wallpaper, .(0, 0), false)
+
+		// TODO: Read the window buffer here
+		{
+		}
+
+		if false {
+			// Scroll bar :ThumbsUp:
+			render.put_rect(screen, .(100, 100), .(100, 10), render.white)
+			render.put_filled_rect(screen, .(110, 100), .(20, 10), render.white)
+
+			render.put_rect(screen, .(90, 110), .(10, 100), render.white)
+			render.put_filled_rect(screen, .(90, 120), .(10, 20), render.white)
+		}
+
+		{
+			// osu dots
+			render.put_rect(screen, .(400, 100), .(100, 100), render.red)
+			render.put_rect(screen, .(100, 100 + 300), .(100, 100), render.red)
+		}
+
+		{
+			pos := Vec2(uint).(1, screen.height - 21)
+			render_label_to_surface(screen, text_label, font, pos)
+			render.put_rect(screen, .(0, screen.height - 21), .(screen.width - 1, 20), render.white)
+		}
+
+		// Screen border
+		render.put_rect(screen, .(0, 0), .(screen.width - 1, screen.height - 1), render.white)
+
+		// get input events from drivers via intouch
+		if false {
+			key_event := intouch.recieve_key_event()
+			if key_event != null {
+				log.info("Key event \0")
+			}
+		}
+
+		{
+			mouse_event := intouch.recieve_mouse_event()
+			//
+
+			if mouse_event != null {
+				// log.warn("Mouse event received\0")
+
+				change_x := @as(i16, mouse_event.x_change)
+				change_x = change_x << 8
+				change_x = change_x >> 8
+
+				mouse_x += change_x
+				if mouse_x < 0 {
+					mouse_x = 0
+				}
+				if mouse_x >= screen.width - 20 {
+					mouse_x = @intcast(screen.width - 21)
+				}
+
+				change_y := @as(i16, mouse_event.y_change)
+				change_y = change_y << 8
+				change_y = change_y >> 8
+
+				if mouse_y < 0 {
+					mouse_y = 0
+				}
+				if mouse_y >= screen.height - 20 {
+					mouse_y = @intcast(screen.height - 21)
+				}
+				mouse_y -= change_y
+
+				if mouse_event.left {
+					set_label_text(text_label, "LEFT CLICK\0")
+				}
+				if mouse_event.middle {
+					set_label_text(text_label, "MIDDLE CLICK\0")
+				}
+				if mouse_event.right {
+					set_label_text(text_label, "RIGHT CLICK\0")
+				}
+			}
+
+			render.put_filled_rect(screen, .(mouse_x, mouse_y), .(20, 20), render.black)
+			render.put_rect(screen, .(mouse_x, mouse_y), .(20, 20), render.white)
+
+			// Send events to focused window
+		}
+
+		// TODO: Get windows out of a collection and iter through
+
+		// Sync the screen
+		render.sync(screen)
 	}
 
 	return 0