👍 checkpoint

Reviewed-on: https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/ableos/pulls/20

.cargo/config.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 [alias]
-repbuild = "run --manifest-path ./repbuild/Cargo.toml -r --"
+repbuild = "run --manifest-path ./repbuild/Cargo.toml -- "
 dev = "run --manifest-path ./dev/Cargo.toml -r --"

.vscode/settings.json

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 {
+   "editor.insertSpaces": false,
+   "editor.detectIndentation": false,
    "rust-analyzer.checkOnSave.allTargets": false,
    "rust-analyzer.showUnlinkedFileNotification": false,
    "C_Cpp.errorSquiggles": "disabled"

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
 [workspace]
 resolver = "2"
-members = [ "dev","kernel", "repbuild"]
+members = ["dev", "kernel", "repbuild"]
+
+# [profile.release]
+# strip = "symbols"
+# codegen-units = 1
+# lto = true
+# panic = "abort"

HELP.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+### What are the requirements?
+- A machine with [Rustc Tier 1 platform support](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html#tier-1-with-host-tools)
+- Rustup
+- QEMU (for executing)
+- GIT CLI
+
+### How do I run ableos?
+- It is recommended to run ableos under QEMU. Here is how:
+    - Install QEMU
+    - Clone ableos
+    - Go to ableos directory
+    - Pull the limine submodule with `git submodule update --init`
+    - Run `cargo repbuild help`
+
+### How can I contribute?
+- [Contribute code](#how-do-i-contribute-code)
+- [Run ableos on your machine](#how-do-i-run-ableos)
+- Find bugs
+- Create media showing ableos
+
+### How do I contribute code?
+- Start by forking ableos
+- Write something that runs in the userspace, for example:
+    - System drivers
+    - Programs
+    - Libraries
+- Patch bugs and improve code in the kernel
+- Ensure that the code is OK to be maintained by asking in the [discord](https://discord.gg/t5Wt3K4YNA)
+- When you have finished your changes, you can submit a pull request for review [here](https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos)
+
+### repbuild and kernel compile, but QEMU isn't starting
+- Ensure you have the `qemu-desktop-{arch}` for your OS and target architecture installed
+- Try running again with `--noaccel` if you have QEMU already
+
+### I have run using repbuild but it's slow
+- Ensure release mode is enabled with the `-r` flag
+- Remove the `--noaccel` flag if you can
+- If both of these are already done, there may be a problem with thee VM, kernel, your program, or the hblang compiler
+
+### Compiler is complaining about "reg id leaked"
+- [Submit](#how-do-i-report-a-compiler-bug) an issue, reg id leaked is a bug
+
+### My program isn't running
+- Refer to [here](#i-have-run-using-repbuild-but-its-slow), it may be that your program is simply starting slowly
+- Ensure that your program has a properly written meta.toml file
+- Ensure that your program is enabled in [system_config.toml](sysdata/system_config.toml)
+- Try running again with `--noaccel`, there is a known bug with some systems that prevents programs from starting.
+
+### Kernel panic??? Huh???
+- Kernel panics can be caused by improperly using memory (e.g, writing out of bounds)
+- Kernel panics are most likely to be caused when accessing memory or using `@eca` for kernel ecalls
+- [Report](#how-do-i-report-an-ableos-bug) a kernel panic
+
+### I am running in release mode but I have no debug info
+- Add the `-d` flag for debug info
+
+### What is `@eca`? How do I use it?
+- Eca is an ecall. They are similar to syscalls
+- The `@eca` directive takes the following arguments:
+    - `@eca(ecall_number, reg_1, ..., reg_n)`
+- The various ecalls have different arguments that are given by register values
+- Most ecalls are wrapped by `stn`, for example, `random`, `buffer`, and `memory` all make use of ecalls
+- All ecalls can be found [ecah.rs](kernel/src/holeybytes/ecah.rs)
+
+### How do I report an ableos bug?
+- Submit an issue [here](https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos/issues) or report it in the [discord](https://discord.gg/t5Wt3K4YNA)
+
+### How do I report a compiler bug?
+- Submit an issue [here](https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/holey-bytes/issues) or report it in the [discord](https://discord.gg/t5Wt3K4YNA)

README.md

@@ -10,15 +10,7 @@ Donations can be made [here on Liberapay](https://liberapay.com/AbleTheAbove) or
 <img src="https://img.shields.io/liberapay/patrons/AbleTheAbove.svg?logo=liberapay">
 
 # Compiling
-AbleOS should be able to be built on any platform which is supported by
-[Rustc Tier 1 platform support](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html#tier-1-with-host-tools).
-
-For running AbleOS, `repbuild` uses QEMU.
-
-## Steps
-1. Ensure you have qemu installed
-2. `git submodule update --init`
-3. `cargo repbuild run`
+See [HELP.md](HELP.md)
 
 # Developing
-There is a new work in progress developer tool for hblang. 
+There is a new work in progress developer tool for hblang. (see: dev folder)

STYLE_GUIDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# Style Guide
+This style guide has two modes that a guideline may be.
+
+`strict` means that prs will be rejected if they do not follow the guideline.
+
+`loose` means that a pr would be accepted but should later be fixed.
+
+## Empty Functions | loose
+Empty functions are typically a sign of an unfinished program or driver.
+
+In cases where there is a clear reason to have an empty function it will be allowed.
+For example FakeAlloc is only empty functions because it is a example of an the allocator api.
+
+### Allowed
+```rust
+/// in example.hb
+a := fn(): void {}
+```
+### Not Allowed
+```rust
+/// in fat32.hb
+a := fn(): void {}
+```
+## Magic Functions | loose
+'Magic functions' are what I am calling small helper functions that do one or two things.
+### Example
+```rust
+a := null
+magic_a := fn(){
+	a = 10
+}
+```
+The exact policy I want to have here is a bit fuzzy. I think that functions like this are nice in certain situations and not in others.
+Regardless of if you use them or not, put a comment above the function explaining rational.
+
+
+## Magic Numbers | loose
+The policy on magic numbers is make them const and have a comment above them. Typically linking to a source of information about the magic number.
+
+This helps cut down on magic numbers while making acceptable names and atleast half assed documentation. 
+
+Constants are inlined anyways, so its the same thing in the binary.
+
+```rust
+// The standard vga port is mapped at 0xB8000
+$VGA_PTR := 0xB8000
+```
+
+## Tabs Vs Spaces | strict
+I prefer for hblang code to use hard tabs.
+
+The rational behind this is that a tab is `1 Indent` which some developers might want to be various different sizes when displayed
+
+Soft tabs do not allow this user/editor specific as soft tabs always become spaces.
+
+Bottom line is this is an accessibility feature.
+
+There are some samples below.
+```
+\t means hard tab
+\n means new line
+\0x20 means space
+```
+
+### Allowed
+```rust
+if x == y {\n
+\tlog(z)\n
+}\n
+```
+
+### Not Allowed
+```rust
+if x == y {\n
+\0x20\0x20\0x20\0x20log(z)\n
+}\n
+```

dev/src/idl/mod.rs

@@ -1,20 +1,84 @@
-use logos::Logos;
+pub mod protocol;
 
-#[derive(Logos, Debug, PartialEq)]
+use std::io::Read;
+
+use {
+    logos::{Lexer, Logos},
+    protocol::Protocol,
+};
+
+#[derive(Logos, Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
 #[logos(skip r"[ \t\n\f]+")] // Ignore this regex pattern between tokens
 enum Token {
     // Tokens can be literal strings, of any length.
     #[token("protocol")]
     Protocol,
 
-    #[token(".")]
-    Period,
+    #[token("{")]
+    LBrace,
 
-    // Or regular expressions.
-    #[regex("[a-zA-Z]+")]
-    Text,
+    #[token("}")]
+    RBrace,
+
+    #[token("(")]
+    LParen,
+
+    #[token(")")]
+    RParen,
+
+    #[token(":")]
+    Colon,
+    #[token(";")]
+    SemiColon,
+
+    #[token(",")]
+    Comma,
+
+    #[token("=")]
+    Equal,
+
+    #[token("->")]
+    RArrow,
+
+    #[regex("[a-zA-Z_]+", |lex|{lex.slice().to_string()})]
+    Text(String),
+
+    #[regex("[1234567890]+", |lex|{lex.slice().parse::<u64>().unwrap()})]
+    Number(u64),
+
+    #[regex(r"@[a-zA-Z_]+", |lex|{lex.slice().to_string()})]
+    Decorator(String),
+
+    #[regex(r#"@[a-zA-Z_]+\([a-zA-Z,0-9=]+\)"#, |lex|{lex.slice().to_string()})]
+    DecoratorOption(String),
 }
 
-pub fn main() {
-    let mut lex = Token::lexer("Create ridiculously fast Lexers.");
+pub fn build_idl(name: String) {
+    let contents = open_protocol(name);
+    let lex = Token::lexer(&contents);
+    let mut tokens = vec![];
+    for x in lex {
+        match x {
+            Ok(token) => {
+                println!("{:?}", token);
+                tokens.push(token);
+            }
+            Err(err) => println!("{:?}", err),
+        }
+    }
+    build(tokens);
+}
+
+fn build(a: Vec<Token>) {
+    for toke in a {
+        println!("{:?}", toke);
+    }
+}
+
+fn open_protocol(name: String) -> String {
+    let path = format!("sysdata/idl/{}/src/protocol.aidl", name);
+    let mut file = std::fs::File::open(path).unwrap();
+    let mut contents = String::new();
+    file.read_to_string(&mut contents).unwrap();
+    contents
 }

dev/src/idl/protocol.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+pub enum ProtocolTypes {
+    Byte,
+}
+
+pub struct Protocol {}
+impl Protocol {
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
+    pub fn validate_data(&self, data: Vec<u8>) -> bool {
+        if !data.is_empty() && self.is_empty() {
+            return false;
+        }
+        true
+    }
+}

dev/src/main.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 use std::io::Write;
+
+use idl::build_idl;
 pub mod idl;
 
 pub enum Options {
@@ -7,7 +9,7 @@ pub enum Options {
     New,
     Run,
 }
-#[derive(PartialEq)]
+#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
 pub enum DevelopmentType {
     Program,
     Library,
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ fn main() {
 
     match subcommand {
         "build" => {
-            let name = &args[1];
+            let name = &args.pop().unwrap();
             build(name.to_string())
         }
         "new" => {
@@ -70,6 +72,27 @@ pub fn new(development_type: DevelopmentType, name: String) {
     let readme_contents = format!("# {}", name);
     readme_file.write_all(readme_contents.as_bytes()).unwrap();
 
+    let contents = format!(
+        "[package]
+name = \"{}\"
+authors = [\"\"]
+
+[dependants.libraries]
+
+[dependants.binaries]
+hblang.version = \"1.0.0\"
+
+[build]
+command = \"hblang src/main.hb\"
+",
+        name
+    );
+
+    let toml_path_string = format!("{}/meta.toml", project_folder_path_string);
+    let mut readme_file = std::fs::File::create(toml_path_string.clone()).unwrap();
+
+    readme_file.write_all(contents.as_bytes()).unwrap();
+
     let src_folder_path_string = format!("{}/src", project_folder_path_string);
     std::fs::create_dir(src_folder_path_string.clone()).unwrap();
 
@@ -103,8 +126,21 @@ fn run() {
 
 fn build(name: String) {
     println!("building {}", name);
+    let mut a = name.split("/");
+    let dev_type = a.next().unwrap();
+    let name = a.next().unwrap().to_string();
+    match dev_type {
+        "programs" => build_program(name),
+        "idl" => build_idl(name),
+        _ => {
+            panic!()
+        }
+    }
 }
 
+pub fn build_program(_name: String) {}
+pub fn build_library(_name: String) {}
+
 fn help() {
     println!(
         "==========

flake.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+{
+  "nodes": {
+    "flake-utils": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "systems": "systems"
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1731533236,
+        "narHash": "sha256-l0KFg5HjrsfsO/JpG+r7fRrqm12kzFHyUHqHCVpMMbI=",
+        "owner": "numtide",
+        "repo": "flake-utils",
+        "rev": "11707dc2f618dd54ca8739b309ec4fc024de578b",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "numtide",
+        "repo": "flake-utils",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nixpkgs": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1732014248,
+        "narHash": "sha256-y/MEyuJ5oBWrWAic/14LaIr/u5E0wRVzyYsouYY3W6w=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "23e89b7da85c3640bbc2173fe04f4bd114342367",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "ref": "nixos-unstable",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nixpkgs_2": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1728538411,
+        "narHash": "sha256-f0SBJz1eZ2yOuKUr5CA9BHULGXVSn6miBuUWdTyhUhU=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "b69de56fac8c2b6f8fd27f2eca01dcda8e0a4221",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "ref": "nixpkgs-unstable",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "root": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "flake-utils": "flake-utils",
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs",
+        "rust-overlay": "rust-overlay"
+      }
+    },
+    "rust-overlay": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs_2"
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1732328983,
+        "narHash": "sha256-RHt12f/slrzDpSL7SSkydh8wUE4Nr4r23HlpWywed9E=",
+        "owner": "oxalica",
+        "repo": "rust-overlay",
+        "rev": "ed8aa5b64f7d36d9338eb1d0a3bb60cf52069a72",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "oxalica",
+        "repo": "rust-overlay",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "systems": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1681028828,
+        "narHash": "sha256-Vy1rq5AaRuLzOxct8nz4T6wlgyUR7zLU309k9mBC768=",
+        "owner": "nix-systems",
+        "repo": "default",
+        "rev": "da67096a3b9bf56a91d16901293e51ba5b49a27e",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "nix-systems",
+        "repo": "default",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "root": "root",
+  "version": 7
+}

flake.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+{
+  description = "A devShell example";
+
+  inputs = {
+    nixpkgs.url      = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
+    rust-overlay.url = "github:oxalica/rust-overlay";
+    flake-utils.url  = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
+  };
+
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, rust-overlay, flake-utils }:
+    flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
+      let
+        overlays = [ (import rust-overlay) ];
+        pkgs = import nixpkgs {
+          inherit system overlays;
+        };
+
+        rustToolchain = pkgs.pkgsBuildHost.rust-bin.fromRustupToolchainFile ./rust-toolchain.toml;
+      in
+      with pkgs;
+      {
+        devShells.default = mkShell {
+          buildInputs = [
+            rustToolchain
+            qemu_full
+          ];
+        };
+      }
+    );
+}

kernel/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -4,6 +4,3 @@ build-std-features = ["compiler-builtins-mem"]
 
 [build]
 target = "./targets/x86_64-ableos.json"
-
-[target.'cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")']
-rustflags = ["-C", "target-feature=+rdrand"]

kernel/Cargo.toml

@@ -3,35 +3,32 @@ edition = "2021"
 name = "kernel"
 version = "0.2.0"
 
+[features]
+ktest = []
 
 [dependencies]
-embedded-graphics = "0.7"
-hbvm.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/holey-bytes"
+# embedded-graphics = "0.8"
+hbvm = { git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/holey-bytes.git", features = [
+	"nightly",
+] }
+ktest_macro = { path = "ktest_macro" }
 log = "0.4"
 spin = "0.9"
-uart_16550 = "0.2"
 slab = { version = "0.4", default-features = false }
+uart_16550 = { version = "0.3", features = ["nightly"] }
 xml.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
 versioning.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
-able_graphics_library.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
-hashbrown = "*"
-kiam = "0.1.1"
-
-[dependencies.limine]
-version = "0.1"
-#git = "https://github.com/limine-bootloader/limine-rs"
+# able_graphics_library.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
+hashbrown = { version = "0.15", features = ["nightly"] }
+limine = "0.1"
 
 [dependencies.crossbeam-queue]
 version = "0.3"
 default-features = false
-features = ["alloc"]
-
-[dependencies.clparse]
-git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/ableos/ableos_userland"
-default-features = false
+features = ["alloc", "nightly"]
 
 [dependencies.derive_more]
-version = "0.99"
+version = "1"
 default-features = false
 features = [
 	"add",
@@ -48,12 +45,12 @@ features = [
 
 
 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")'.dependencies]
-x86_64 = "0.14"
+x86_64 = "0.15"
 x2apic = "0.4"
-virtio-drivers = "0.4.0"
-# rdrand = "*"
-rdrand = { version = "0.8", default-features = false }
-
+# virtio-drivers = "0.7"
 
 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "riscv64")'.dependencies]
 sbi = "0.2.0"
+
+[target.'cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")'.dependencies]
+aarch64-cpu = "9"

kernel/ktest_macro/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[package]
+edition = "2021"
+name = "ktest_macro"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+[lib]
+proc-macro = true
+
+[dependencies]
+quote = "1.0.37"
+syn = { version = "2.0.89", features = ["full"] }

kernel/ktest_macro/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+extern crate proc_macro;
+extern crate quote;
+extern crate syn;
+use {
+    proc_macro::TokenStream,
+    quote::quote,
+    syn::{parse_macro_input, ItemFn}
+};
+
+#[proc_macro_attribute]
+pub fn ktest(_attr: TokenStream, item: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+    let input = parse_macro_input!(item as ItemFn);
+    let test_name = &input.sig.ident;
+    let static_var_name = syn::Ident::new(
+        &format!("__ktest_{}", test_name),
+        test_name.span(),
+    );
+    let out = quote! {
+        // #[cfg(feature = "ktest")]
+        #input
+
+        // #[cfg(feature = "ktest")]
+        #[unsafe(link_section = ".note.ktest")]
+        #[used]
+        pub static #static_var_name: fn() = #test_name;
+    };
+
+    TokenStream::from(out)
+}

kernel/lds/x86_64.ld

@@ -38,8 +38,16 @@ SECTIONS
 
     .data : {
         *(.data .data.*)
+        *(.got .got.*)
     } :data
     
+    /* Add the .ktest section for test functions */
+    .note.ktest : {
+        __ktest_start = .;   /* Mark the beginning of the section */
+        *(.note.ktest)            /* Include all items in the .ktest section */
+        __ktest_end = .;     /* Mark the end of the section */
+    }
+
     .bss : {
         *(COMMON)
         *(.bss .bss.*)

kernel/src/arch/aarch64/device_info_collector.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 use {
-    crate::{alloc::string::ToString, device_tree::DeviceTree, kmain::DEVICE_TREE},
-    alloc::string::String,
+    crate::{device_tree::DeviceTree, kmain::DEVICE_TREE},
     core::arch::asm,
     xml::XMLElement,
 };
@@ -28,8 +27,8 @@ fn collect_cpu_info(device_tree: &mut DeviceTree) {
     cpus.push(cpu);
 }
 
-fn cpu_id() -> (String, u64) {
-    let mut cpu_id: u64 = 0;
+fn cpu_id<'a>() -> (&'a str, u64) {
+    let mut cpu_id: u64;
     unsafe {
         asm!("mrs {cpu_id}, MIDR_EL1",
                 cpu_id = out(reg) cpu_id,
@@ -39,9 +38,11 @@ fn cpu_id() -> (String, u64) {
     let cpu_name = match cpu_id {
         // the source of these two was a stackoverflow question
         // https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/117175/how-do-i-read-the-cpuid-in-aarch64-asm
-        0x410FD034 => "Cortex-A53".to_string(),
-        0x410FD083 => "Cortex-A72".to_string(),
-        _ => "Unknown".to_string(),
+        0x410FD034 => "Cortex-A53",
+        0x410FD083 => "Cortex-A72",
+        // the source of this one was checking the cpu id :thinking:
+        0x410FD493 => "Neoverse N2",
+        _ => "Unknown",
     };
     log::trace!("CPU Name: {cpu_name} - CPU ID: 0x{:X}", cpu_id);
 

kernel/src/arch/aarch64/logging.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 use {crate::logger::TERMINAL_LOGGER, core::fmt::Write, spin::Mutex};
-const SERIAL_CONSOLE: Mutex<SerialConsole> = Mutex::new(SerialConsole {
+pub static SERIAL_CONSOLE: Mutex<SerialConsole> = Mutex::new(SerialConsole {
     uart: 0x09000000 as *mut u8,
 });
 
-struct SerialConsole {
+pub struct SerialConsole {
     uart: *mut u8,
 }
 
@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@ impl core::fmt::Write for SerialConsole {
     }
 }
 
+unsafe impl Sync for SerialConsole {}
+unsafe impl Send for SerialConsole {}
+
 pub fn log(args: core::fmt::Arguments<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
     SERIAL_CONSOLE.lock().write_fmt(args)?;
-    TERMINAL_LOGGER.lock().write_fmt(args)?;
+    // TERMINAL_LOGGER.lock().write_fmt(args)?;
 
     Ok(())
 }

kernel/src/arch/aarch64/mod.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 pub use logging::log;
 use {
     crate::{allocator, bootmodules::BootModule, kmain::kmain},
+    alloc::vec::Vec,
     core::arch::asm,
     limine::FramebufferRequest,
 };
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
     static KFILE_REQ: KernelFileRequest = KernelFileRequest::new(0);
     static MOD_REQ: ModuleRequest = ModuleRequest::new(0);
 
-    let mut bootmodules = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
+    let mut bootmodules = Vec::new();
 
     if bm.is_some() {
         let bm = bm.unwrap();
@@ -52,18 +53,13 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
                 let raw_bytes = core::slice::from_raw_parts(
                     file.base.as_ptr().expect("invalid initrd"),
                     file.length as usize,
-                )
-                .to_vec();
-
-                let file_path = alloc::string::String::from_utf8(
-                    file.path.to_str().unwrap().to_bytes().to_vec(),
                 );
+
+                let file_path = file.path.to_str().unwrap().to_str();
                 if file_path.is_err() {
                     panic!("invalid file path: {:?}", file_path);
                 }
-                let file_cmd = alloc::string::String::from_utf8(
-                    file.cmdline.to_str().unwrap().to_bytes().to_vec(),
-                );
+                let file_cmd = file.cmdline.to_str().unwrap().to_str();
                 if file_cmd.is_err() {
                     panic!("invalid module cmd: {:?}", file_cmd);
                 }
@@ -85,7 +81,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
         assert_eq!(bm.module_count, bootmodules.len() as u64);
     }
 
-    crate::kmain::kmain(
+    kmain(
         KFILE_REQ
             .get_response()
             .get()
@@ -99,8 +95,6 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
             .unwrap_or_default(),
         bootmodules,
     );
-
-    spin_loop();
 }
 
 pub fn spin_loop() -> ! {
@@ -109,8 +103,19 @@ pub fn spin_loop() -> ! {
     }
 }
 
+/// I am sorry.
+static mut A_REAL_RANDOM_U64_I_PROMISE: u64 = 0;
+
 pub fn hardware_random_u64() -> u64 {
-    0
+    if let Some(rng) = aarch64_cpu::asm::random::ArmRng::new() {
+        if let Some(rnd) = rng.rndr() {
+            return rnd;
+        }
+    }
+    unsafe {
+        A_REAL_RANDOM_U64_I_PROMISE += 1;
+        A_REAL_RANDOM_U64_I_PROMISE
+    }
 }
 
 pub fn register_dump() {}

kernel/src/arch/mod.rs

@@ -14,3 +14,29 @@ arch_cond!(
     riscv64: "riscv64",
     x86_64: "x86_64",
 );
+
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+use {crate::arch::interrupts::Interrupt, alloc::string::String};
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+pub struct InterruptList {
+    list: HashMap<Interrupt, String>,
+}
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+use hashbrown::HashMap;
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+impl InterruptList {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            list: HashMap::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+use spin::{Lazy, Mutex};
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+pub static INTERRUPT_LIST: Lazy<Mutex<InterruptList>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+    let mut il = InterruptList::new();
+    use crate::alloc::string::ToString;
+    il.list.insert(Interrupt::Timer, "PS/2 Mouse".to_string());
+    Mutex::new(il)
+});

kernel/src/arch/riscv64/memory.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 use core::num;
 
-use alloc::boxed::Box;
-use spin::{Mutex, Once};
-use crate::memory::{MemoryManager, PhysicalAddress, VirtualAddress};
+use {
+    crate::memory::{MemoryManager, PhysicalAddress, VirtualAddress},
+    alloc::boxed::Box,
+    spin::{Mutex, Once},
+};
 
 use super::PAGE_SIZE;
 
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ impl PageSize {
 }
 
 pub struct PageTable {
-    entries: [PageEntry; 512]
+    entries: [PageEntry; 512],
 }
 
 impl PageTable {
@@ -72,8 +74,14 @@ impl PageTable {
     /// flags MUST include one or more of the following:
     ///   Read, Write, Execute
     /// The valid bit automatically gets added
-    pub fn map(&mut self, vaddr: VirtualAddress, paddr: PhysicalAddress, flags: PageEntryFlags, page_size: PageSize) {
-        assert!(flags as usize & 0xe != 0);
+    pub fn map(
+        &mut self,
+        vaddr: VirtualAddress,
+        paddr: PhysicalAddress,
+        flags: PageEntryFlags,
+        page_size: PageSize,
+    ) {
+        assert!(flags as usize & 0xE != 0);
 
         let vpn = vaddr.vpns();
         let ppn = paddr.ppns();
@@ -105,14 +113,24 @@ impl PageTable {
     }
 
     /// Identity maps a page of memory
-    pub fn identity_map(&mut self, addr: PhysicalAddress, flags: PageEntryFlags, page_size: PageSize) {
+    pub fn identity_map(
+        &mut self,
+        addr: PhysicalAddress,
+        flags: PageEntryFlags,
+        page_size: PageSize,
+    ) {
         // log::debug!("identity mapped {addr}");
         self.map(addr.as_addr().into(), addr, flags, page_size);
     }
 
     /// Identity maps a range of contiguous memory
     /// This assumes that start <= end
-    pub fn identity_map_range(&mut self, start: PhysicalAddress, end: PhysicalAddress, flags: PageEntryFlags) {
+    pub fn identity_map_range(
+        &mut self,
+        start: PhysicalAddress,
+        end: PhysicalAddress,
+        flags: PageEntryFlags,
+    ) {
         log::debug!("start: {start}, end: {end}");
         let mut mem_addr = start.as_addr() & !(PAGE_SIZE - 1);
         let num_pages = (align_val(end.as_addr(), 12) - mem_addr - 1) / PAGE_SIZE + 1;
@@ -228,7 +246,7 @@ impl PageEntry {
     }
 
     fn addr(&self) -> PhysicalAddress {
-        ((self.entry() as usize & !0x3ff) << 2).into()
+        ((self.entry() as usize & !0x3FF) << 2).into()
     }
 
     fn destroy(&mut self) {

kernel/src/arch/riscv64/mod.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 mod memory;
 
 use {
-    alloc::boxed::Box,
+    alloc::{boxed::Box, vec::Vec},
     core::{
         arch::{asm, global_asm},
         fmt::Write,
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ extern "C" {
     static USABLE_MEMORY_SIZE: usize;
 }
 
-static SERIAL_CONSOLE: Once<Mutex<MmioSerialPort>> = Once::new();
+pub static SERIAL_CONSOLE: Once<Mutex<MmioSerialPort>> = Once::new();
 
 #[no_mangle]
 unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
         in(reg) satp_value,
     );
 
-    crate::kmain::kmain("baka=9", None);
+    crate::kmain::kmain("baka=9", Vec::new());
 }
 
 /// Spin loop
@@ -105,6 +105,12 @@ pub fn spin_loop() -> ! {
     }
 }
 
+pub fn hardware_random_u64() -> u64 {
+    0
+}
+
+pub fn register_dump() {}
+
 pub fn log(args: core::fmt::Arguments<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
     SERIAL_CONSOLE.get().unwrap().lock().write_fmt(args)
 }

kernel/src/arch/x86_64/gdt.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ use {
 
 pub const DOUBLE_FAULT_IX: u16 = 0;
 
+const STACK_SIZE: usize = 5 * 1024;
+const STACK_ALIGNMENT: usize = 1;
+
 pub unsafe fn init() {
     use x86_64::instructions::{
         segmentation::{Segment, CS, SS},
@@ -32,24 +35,24 @@ struct Selectors {
 
 static TSS: Lazy<TaskStateSegment> = Lazy::new(|| {
     let mut tss = TaskStateSegment::new();
-    tss.interrupt_stack_table[usize::from(DOUBLE_FAULT_IX)] = {
-        const SIZE: usize = 5 * 1024;
-        let stack = unsafe {
-            alloc::alloc::alloc_zeroed(
-                alloc::alloc::Layout::from_size_align(SIZE, 1).expect("stack pointer"),
-            )
-        };
-        VirtAddr::from_ptr(stack) + SIZE
+
+    let stack_ptr = unsafe {
+        let layout = alloc::alloc::Layout::from_size_align(STACK_SIZE, STACK_ALIGNMENT)
+            .expect("Failed to create stack layout");
+        let stack = alloc::alloc::alloc(layout);
+        VirtAddr::from_ptr(stack) + STACK_SIZE as u64
     };
+
+    tss.interrupt_stack_table[usize::from(DOUBLE_FAULT_IX)] = stack_ptr;
     tss
 });
 
 static GDT: Lazy<(GlobalDescriptorTable, Selectors)> = Lazy::new(|| {
     let mut gdt = GlobalDescriptorTable::new();
     let sels = Selectors {
-        kcode: gdt.add_entry(Descriptor::kernel_code_segment()),
-        kdata: gdt.add_entry(Descriptor::kernel_data_segment()),
-        tss:   gdt.add_entry(Descriptor::tss_segment(&TSS)),
+        kcode: gdt.append(Descriptor::kernel_code_segment()),
+        kdata: gdt.append(Descriptor::kernel_data_segment()),
+        tss:   gdt.append(Descriptor::tss_segment(&TSS)),
     };
     (gdt, sels)
 });

kernel/src/arch/x86_64/interrupts.rs

@@ -1,56 +1,54 @@
-// TODO: Turn apic keyboard interrupt into a standard ipc message
 use {
+    core::mem::MaybeUninit,
     log::trace,
-    spin::{Lazy, Mutex},
     x2apic::lapic::{LocalApic, LocalApicBuilder},
     x86_64::structures::idt::{InterruptDescriptorTable, InterruptStackFrame, PageFaultErrorCode},
 };
 
-pub unsafe fn init() {
-    trace!("Initialising IDT");
-    IDT.load();
-    Lazy::force(&LAPIC);
-    x86_64::instructions::interrupts::enable();
-}
+/// Safety: Using LAPIC or IDT before init() is UB
+/// Using
+static mut LAPIC: LocalApic = unsafe { MaybeUninit::zeroed().assume_init() };
+static mut IDT: InterruptDescriptorTable = unsafe { MaybeUninit::zeroed().assume_init() };
 
 #[repr(u8)]
-enum Interrupt {
-    Timer = 32,
+#[derive(Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
 
+pub enum Interrupt {
+    Timer = 32,
     ApicErr = u8::MAX - 1,
     Spurious = u8::MAX,
 }
 
-pub(crate) static LAPIC: Lazy<Mutex<LocalApic>> = Lazy::new(|| {
-    let mut lapic = LocalApicBuilder::new()
+pub unsafe fn init() {
+    trace!("Initializing IDT and LAPIC");
+
+    // Initialize and load the IDT
+    IDT = InterruptDescriptorTable::new();
+    IDT.double_fault
+        .set_handler_fn(double_fault)
+        .set_stack_index(super::gdt::DOUBLE_FAULT_IX);
+    IDT.page_fault.set_handler_fn(page_fault);
+
+    IDT[Interrupt::ApicErr as u8].set_handler_fn(apic_err);
+    IDT[Interrupt::Spurious as u8].set_handler_fn(spurious);
+    IDT[Interrupt::Timer as u8].set_handler_fn(timer);
+
+    IDT.load();
+
+    LAPIC = LocalApicBuilder::new()
         .timer_vector(Interrupt::Timer as usize)
         .error_vector(Interrupt::ApicErr as usize)
         .spurious_vector(Interrupt::Spurious as usize)
         .set_xapic_base(
-            unsafe { x2apic::lapic::xapic_base() }
+            x2apic::lapic::xapic_base()
                 + super::memory::HHDM_OFFSET.load(core::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed),
         )
         .build()
-        .expect("failed to setup Local APIC");
-    unsafe { lapic.enable() };
-    Mutex::new(lapic)
-});
+        .expect("Failed to setup Local APIC");
+    LAPIC.enable();
 
-static IDT: Lazy<InterruptDescriptorTable> = Lazy::new(|| {
-    let mut idt = InterruptDescriptorTable::new();
-    unsafe {
-        idt.double_fault
-            .set_handler_fn(double_fault)
-            .set_stack_index(super::gdt::DOUBLE_FAULT_IX);
-    }
-    idt.page_fault.set_handler_fn(page_fault);
-
-    idt[Interrupt::ApicErr as usize].set_handler_fn(apic_err);
-    idt[Interrupt::Spurious as usize].set_handler_fn(spurious);
-    idt[Interrupt::Timer as usize].set_handler_fn(timer);
-
-    idt
-});
+    x86_64::instructions::interrupts::enable();
+}
 
 extern "x86-interrupt" fn double_fault(stack_frame: InterruptStackFrame, error_code: u64) -> ! {
     panic!("Double fault: error code {error_code} \n{stack_frame:#?}")
@@ -64,13 +62,49 @@ extern "x86-interrupt" fn page_fault(
 }
 
 extern "x86-interrupt" fn timer(_isf: InterruptStackFrame) {
-    unsafe { LAPIC.lock().end_of_interrupt() };
+    // interrupt(Interrupt::Timer);
+
+    unsafe {
+        LAPIC.end_of_interrupt();
+    }
 }
 
 extern "x86-interrupt" fn apic_err(_: InterruptStackFrame) {
+    interrupt(Interrupt::ApicErr);
+
     panic!("Internal APIC error");
 }
 
 extern "x86-interrupt" fn spurious(_: InterruptStackFrame) {
-    unsafe { LAPIC.lock().end_of_interrupt() };
+    interrupt(Interrupt::Spurious);
+
+    unsafe {
+        LAPIC.end_of_interrupt();
+    }
+}
+
+fn interrupt(interrupt_type: Interrupt) {
+    use crate::arch::INTERRUPT_LIST;
+    let il = INTERRUPT_LIST.lock();
+    let val = il.list.get(&interrupt_type).unwrap();
+
+    use crate::holeybytes::kernel_services::service_definition_service::sds_search_service;
+    let buffer = sds_search_service(val);
+    if buffer != 0 {
+        use {crate::kmain::IPC_BUFFERS, alloc::vec::Vec};
+        let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
+        match buffs.get_mut(&buffer) {
+            Some(buff) => {
+                let mut msg_vec = Vec::new();
+                msg_vec.push(0xFF);
+                buff.push(msg_vec.to_vec());
+                log::debug!("Sent Message {:?} to Buffer({})", msg_vec, buffer);
+            }
+            None => {
+                log::error!("Access of non-existent buffer {}", buffer)
+            }
+        }
+
+        // log::info!("{}", buffer);
+    }
 }

kernel/src/arch/x86_64/logging.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
 //! Logging (as in terms of console / serial output)
 #![allow(deprecated)]
-use {
-    core::fmt::Write,
-    limine::{TerminalRequest, TerminalResponse},
-    spin::{Lazy, Mutex},
-    uart_16550::SerialPort,
-};
+use {core::fmt::Write, spin::Mutex, uart_16550::SerialPort};
 
 pub static SERIAL_CONSOLE: Mutex<SerialPort> = Mutex::new(unsafe { SerialPort::new(0x3F8) });
 

kernel/src/arch/x86_64/mod.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-use {
-    crate::bootmodules::BootModule, core::arch::asm, embedded_graphics::pixelcolor::Rgb888,
-    log::warn, rdrand::RdSeed,
-};
+use core::arch::x86_64::{_rdrand64_step, _rdseed64_step};
+
+use {crate::bootmodules::BootModule, core::arch::asm, log::warn};
 pub mod memory;
 
 mod cpuid;
@@ -11,7 +10,7 @@ pub mod graphics;
 pub(crate) mod interrupts;
 pub mod logging;
 pub mod pci;
-pub mod virtio;
+// pub mod virtio;
 
 pub use {logging::log, memory::PAGE_SIZE};
 
@@ -31,9 +30,11 @@ const INITIAL_KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE: *const () = _initial_kernel_heap_size as _;
 
 #[no_mangle]
 #[naked]
+#[cfg(not(target_feature = "avx2"))]
 unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
-    // Initialise SSE and jump to kernel entrypoint
-    core::arch::asm!(
+    // Initialise SSE, then jump to kernel entrypoint
+    core::arch::naked_asm!(
+        // Initialise SSE
         "mov rax, cr0",
         "and ax, 0xfffb",
         "or ax, 0x2",
@@ -41,16 +42,74 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
         "mov rax, cr4",
         "or ax, 3 << 9",
         "mov cr4, rax",
+
+        // Jump to the kernel entry point
         "jmp {}",
         sym start,
-        options(noreturn),
     )
 }
 
+#[no_mangle]
+#[naked]
+#[cfg(target_feature = "avx2")]
+unsafe extern "C" fn _kernel_start() -> ! {
+    core::arch::naked_asm!(
+        // Enable protected mode and configure control registers
+        "mov rax, cr0",
+        "and ax, 0xFFFB",  // Clear CR0.EM (bit 2) for coprocessor emulation
+        "or ax, 0x2",      // Set CR0.MP (bit 1) for coprocessor monitoring
+        "mov cr0, rax",
+
+        "mov rax, cr4",
+        "or ax, (1 << 9) | (1 << 10)", // Set CR4.OSFXSR (bit 9) and CR4.OSXMMEXCPT (bit 10)
+        "mov cr4, rax",
+
+        // Enable OSXSAVE (required for AVX, AVX2, and XSAVE)
+        "mov rax, cr4",
+        "or eax, 1 << 18", // Set CR4.OSXSAVE (bit 18)
+        "mov cr4, rax",
+
+        // Enable AVX and AVX2 state saving
+        "xor rcx, rcx",
+        "xgetbv",
+        "or eax, 7",       // Enable SSE, AVX, and AVX2 state saving
+        "xsetbv",
+
+        // Check for AVX and XSAVE support
+        "mov eax, 1",
+        "cpuid",
+        "and ecx, 0x18000000",
+        "cmp ecx, 0x18000000",
+        "jne {1}",          // Jump if AVX/OSXSAVE is not supported
+
+        // Check for BMI2 and AVX2 support
+        "mov eax, 7",
+        "xor ecx, ecx",
+        "cpuid",
+        "and ebx, (1 << 8) | (1 << 5)", // Check BMI2 (bit 8) and AVX2 (bit 5)
+        "cmp ebx, (1 << 8) | (1 << 5)", // Compare to ensure both are supported
+
+        // Check for LZCNT and POPCNT support
+        "mov eax, 1",
+        "cpuid",
+        "and ecx, (1 << 5) | (1 << 23)", // Check LZCNT (bit 5) and POPCNT (bit 23)
+        "cmp ecx, (1 << 5) | (1 << 23)", // Compare to ensure both are supported
+
+        // Jump to the kernel entry point
+        "jmp {0}",
+        sym start,
+        sym oops,
+    )
+}
+
+unsafe extern "C" fn oops() -> ! {
+    panic!("your cpu is ancient >:(")
+}
+
 unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
     logging::init();
     crate::logger::init().expect("failed to set logger");
-    log::info!("Initialising AKern {}", crate::VERSION);
+    log::debug!("Initialising AKern {}", crate::VERSION);
 
     static HDHM_REQ: HhdmRequest = HhdmRequest::new(0);
     memory::init_pt(VirtAddr::new(
@@ -129,7 +188,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
     // TODO: Add in rdseed and rdrand as sources for randomness
     let _rand = xml::XMLElement::new("Random");
 
-    log::trace!("Getting boot modules");
+    log::debug!("Getting boot modules");
     let bm = MOD_REQ.get_response().get();
 
     let mut bootmodules = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
@@ -143,18 +202,13 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
                 let raw_bytes = core::slice::from_raw_parts(
                     file.base.as_ptr().expect("invalid initrd"),
                     file.length as usize,
-                )
-                .to_vec();
-
-                let file_path = alloc::string::String::from_utf8(
-                    file.path.to_str().unwrap().to_bytes().to_vec(),
                 );
+
+                let file_path = file.path.to_str().unwrap().to_str();
                 if file_path.is_err() {
                     panic!("invalid file path: {:?}", file_path);
                 }
-                let file_cmd = alloc::string::String::from_utf8(
-                    file.cmdline.to_str().unwrap().to_bytes().to_vec(),
-                );
+                let file_cmd = file.cmdline.to_str().unwrap().to_str();
                 if file_cmd.is_err() {
                     panic!("invalid module cmd: {:?}", file_cmd);
                 }
@@ -172,7 +226,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
                 break;
             }
         }
-        log::info!("Boot module count: {:?}", bootmodules.len());
+        log::debug!("Boot module count: {:?}", bootmodules.len());
         assert_eq!(bm.module_count, bootmodules.len() as u64);
     }
 
@@ -195,59 +249,21 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn start() -> ! {
 /// Spin loop
 pub fn spin_loop() -> ! {
     loop {
-        x86_64::instructions::hlt();
+        core::hint::spin_loop();
+        x86_64::instructions::hlt()
     }
 }
 
 pub fn hardware_random_u64() -> u64 {
-    use {log::trace, rdrand::RdRand};
-    let gen = RdRand::new();
-    match gen {
-        Ok(gen) => {
-            let ret = gen.try_next_u64().unwrap();
-            trace!("Random {}", ret);
-            return ret;
-        }
-        Err(err) => {
+    let mut out: u64 = 0;
+    match unsafe { _rdrand64_step(&mut out) } {
+        1 => out,
+        _ => {
             warn!("RDRand not supported.");
             // Try rdseed
-            let gen = RdSeed::new();
-            match gen {
-                Ok(gen) => {
-                    let ret = gen.try_next_u64().unwrap();
-                    trace!("Random {}", ret);
-                    return ret;
-                }
-                Err(err) => {
-                    panic!("Neither RDRand or RDSeed are supported")
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub fn hardware_random_u32() -> u32 {
-    use {log::trace, rdrand::RdRand};
-    let gen = RdRand::new();
-    match gen {
-        Ok(gen) => {
-            let ret = gen.try_next_u32().unwrap();
-            trace!("Random {}", ret);
-            return ret;
-        }
-        Err(err) => {
-            warn!("RDRand not supported.");
-            // Try rdseed
-            let gen = RdSeed::new();
-            match gen {
-                Ok(gen) => {
-                    let ret = gen.try_next_u32().unwrap();
-                    trace!("Random {}", ret);
-                    return ret;
-                }
-                Err(err) => {
-                    panic!("Neither RDRand or RDSeed are supported")
-                }
+            match unsafe { _rdseed64_step(&mut out) } {
+                1 => out,
+                _ => panic!("Neither RDRand or RDSeed are supported"),
             }
         }
     }
@@ -255,6 +271,7 @@ pub fn hardware_random_u32() -> u32 {
 
 pub fn get_edid() {}
 
+#[allow(unused)]
 pub fn register_dump() {
     let rax: u64;
     let rbx: u64 = 0;

kernel/src/arch/x86_64/pci/mod.rs

@@ -8,13 +8,12 @@ pub struct PciDeviceInfo {
     pub full_class: PciFullClass,
     pub rev_id: u8,
 }
-use crate::alloc::string::ToString;
 
 /// Enumerate PCI devices and run initialisation routines on ones we support
 pub fn init(device_tree: &mut DeviceTree) {
     device_tree
         .devices
-        .insert("Unidentified PCI".to_string(), alloc::vec![]);
+        .insert("Unidentified PCI", alloc::vec![]);
     let mut devices = alloc::vec![];
 
     for bus in 0..=255 {
@@ -47,7 +46,8 @@ pub fn init(device_tree: &mut DeviceTree) {
                 pci_info.set_attribute("id", id);
                 pci_info.set_attribute("device", device_info.device);
                 pci_info.set_attribute("vendor", vendor);
-                pci_info.set_attribute("class", device_info.full_class.to_string());
+                pci_info.set_attribute("bus", bus);
+                pci_info.set_attribute("class", device_info.full_class);
                 dev.set_child(pci_info);
                 devices.push((dev_type, dev));
             }
@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ pub fn check_device(bus: u8, device: u8) -> Option<PciDeviceInfo> {
         return None;
     }
 
-    let reg2 = unsafe { pci_config_read(bus, device, 0, 0x8) };
+    let (reg2, addr) = unsafe { pci_config_read_2(bus, device, 0, 0x8) };
+    log::debug!("pci device-({}) addr {} is {}", device, addr, reg2);
     let class = ((reg2 >> 16) & 0x0000_FFFF) as u16;
     let pci_class = PciFullClass::from_u16(class);
     let header_type = get_header_type(bus, device, 0);
@@ -459,9 +460,7 @@ unsafe fn pci_config_read(bus: u8, device: u8, func: u8, offset: u8) -> u32 {
     let func = func as u32;
     let offset = offset as u32;
     // construct address param
-    let address =
-        ((bus << 16) | (device << 11) | (func << 8) | (offset & 0xFC) | 0x8000_0000) as u32;
-
+    let address = (bus << 16) | (device << 11) | (func << 8) | (offset & 0xFC) | 0x8000_0000;
     // write address
     Port::new(0xCF8).write(address);
 
@@ -469,6 +468,20 @@ unsafe fn pci_config_read(bus: u8, device: u8, func: u8, offset: u8) -> u32 {
     Port::new(0xCFC).read()
 }
 
+unsafe fn pci_config_read_2(bus: u8, device: u8, func: u8, offset: u8) -> (u32, u32) {
+    let bus = bus as u32;
+    let device = device as u32;
+    let func = func as u32;
+    let offset = offset as u32;
+    // construct address param
+    let address = (bus << 16) | (device << 11) | (func << 8) | (offset & 0xFC) | 0x8000_0000;
+    // write address
+    Port::new(0xCF8).write(address);
+
+    // read data
+    (Port::new(0xCFC).read(), address)
+}
+
 unsafe fn pci_config_write(bus: u8, device: u8, func: u8, offset: u8, value: u32) {
     let bus = bus as u32;
     let device = device as u32;

kernel/src/arch/x86_64/virtio/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use {
-    core::{ptr::NonNull},
+    core::ptr::NonNull,
     virtio_drivers::{BufferDirection, Hal, PhysAddr},
 };
 

kernel/src/bootmodules.rs

@@ -1,36 +1,36 @@
 use {
-    crate::alloc::string::ToString,
-    alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec},
-    clparse::Arguments,
-    core::fmt::{Debug, Display},
-    log::trace,
-    xml::XMLElement,
+    // crate::alloc::string::ToString,
+    alloc::vec::Vec,
+    // clparse::Arguments,
+    // core::fmt::{Debug, Display},
+    // log::trace,
+    // xml::XMLElement,
 };
-pub type BootModules = Vec<BootModule>;
+pub type BootModules<'a> = Vec<BootModule<'a>>;
 
-pub struct BootModule {
-    pub path:  String,
-    pub bytes: Vec<u8>,
-    pub cmd:   String,
+pub struct BootModule<'a> {
+    pub path:  &'a str,
+    pub bytes: &'a [u8],
+    pub cmd:   &'a str,
 }
-impl BootModule {
-    pub fn new(path: String, bytes: Vec<u8>, cmd: String) -> Self {
+impl<'a> BootModule<'a> {
+    pub fn new(path: &'a str, bytes: &'a [u8], cmd: &'a str) -> Self {
         Self { path, bytes, cmd }
     }
 }
 
-pub fn build_cmd<T: Display + Debug>(name: T, cmdline: T) -> XMLElement {
-    let mut cmdline = cmdline.to_string();
-    cmdline.pop();
-    cmdline.remove(0);
+// pub fn build_cmd<T: Display + Debug>(name: T, cmdline: T) -> XMLElement {
+//     let mut cmdline = cmdline.to_string();
+//     cmdline.pop();
+//     cmdline.remove(0);
 
-    let cmd = Arguments::parse(cmdline.to_string()).unwrap();
-    trace!("Cmdline: {cmd:?}");
+//     let cmd = Arguments::parse(cmdline.to_string()).unwrap();
+//     trace!("Cmdline: {cmd:?}");
 
-    let mut clo = XMLElement::new(name);
-    for (key, value) in cmd.arguments {
-        clo.set_attribute(key, value);
-    }
-    trace!("command line object: {:?}", clo);
-    clo
-}
+//     let mut clo = XMLElement::new(name);
+//     for (key, value) in cmd.arguments {
+//         clo.set_attribute(key, value);
+//     }
+//     trace!("command line object: {:?}", clo);
+//     clo
+// }

kernel/src/device_tree/mod.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 //! A tree of hardware devices
 
-use {
-    crate::alloc::string::ToString,
-    alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec},
-    core::fmt,
-    hashbrown::HashMap,
-};
+use {alloc::vec::Vec, core::fmt, hashbrown::HashMap};
+
 /// A device object.
 /// TODO define device
 pub type Device = xml::XMLElement;
@@ -13,17 +9,19 @@ pub type Device = xml::XMLElement;
 /// A tree of devices
 // TODO: alphabetize this list
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct DeviceTree {
+pub struct DeviceTree<'a> {
     /// The device tree
-    pub devices: HashMap<String, Vec<Device>>,
+    pub devices: HashMap<&'a str, Vec<Device>>,
 }
-impl DeviceTree {
+impl<'a> DeviceTree<'a> {
     /// Build the device tree. Does not populate the device tree
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         let mut dt = Self {
             devices: HashMap::new(),
         };
-        device_tree!(dt, [
+        device_tree!(
+            dt,
+            [
                 "Mice",
                 "Keyboards",
                 "Controllers",
@@ -38,13 +36,13 @@ impl DeviceTree {
                 "Serial Ports",
                 "Cameras",
                 "Biometric Devices",
-        ]);
+            ]
+        );
         dt
     }
 }
-use crate::{utils::TAB, device_tree};
-use crate::tab;
-impl fmt::Display for DeviceTree {
+use crate::{device_tree, tab, utils::TAB};
+impl<'a> fmt::Display for DeviceTree<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         writeln!(f)?;
         for (device_type, devices) in &self.devices {

kernel/src/exe_format.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+enum Sections {
+    Header,
+    Code,
+    Data,
+    Debug,
+    Config,
+    Metadata,
+}
+
+// 64 byte header
+#[repr(packed)]
+struct AbleOsExecutableHeader {
+    magic_number: [u8; 3],
+    executable_version: u32,
+
+    code_length:     u64,
+    data_length:     u64,
+    debug_length:    u64,
+    config_length:   u64,
+    metadata_length: u64,
+}
+
+impl AbleOsExecutableHeader {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            magic_number: [0x15, 0x91, 0xD2],
+            executable_version: 0,
+            code_length: 0,
+            config_length: 0,
+            data_length: 0,
+            debug_length: 0,
+            metadata_length: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}

kernel/src/holeybytes/ecah.rs

@@ -1,28 +1,41 @@
 //! Environment call handling routines
 
-use core::borrow::Borrow;
+use {alloc::boxed::Box, core::cell::LazyCell, hbvm::mem::Address};
 
 use crate::{
-    allocator,
-    holeybytes::kernel_services::{
-        block_read,
-        service_definition_service::{sds_msg_handler, SERVICES},
+    holeybytes::{
+        kernel_services::{
+            block_read, dt_msg_handler::dt_msg_handler, logging_service::log_msg_handler,
+            service_definition_service::sds_msg_handler,
         },
+        ExecThread,
+    },
+    kmain::EXECUTOR,
+    task::Executor,
 };
 
 use {
-    super::{mem::Memory, Vm},
-    crate::{arch, holeybytes::mem, ipc::buffer::IpcBuffer, kmain::IPC_BUFFERS},
-    alloc::string::String,
-    log::{debug, error, info, trace, warn},
+    super::Vm,
+    crate::{arch, ipc::buffer::IpcBuffer, kmain::IPC_BUFFERS},
+    hbvm::value::Value,
+    log::{debug, error, info, trace},
 };
 
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+#[inline(always)]
+unsafe fn x86_out<T: x86_64::instructions::port::PortWrite>(address: u16, value: T) {
+    x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).write(value);
+}
+#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+#[inline(always)]
+unsafe fn x86_in<T: x86_64::instructions::port::PortRead>(address: u16) -> T {
+    x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).read()
+}
+
+#[inline(always)]
 pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
     let ecall_number = vm.registers[2].cast::<u64>();
 
-    // debug!("Ecall number {:?}", ecall_number);
-    //info!("Register dump: {:?}", vm.registers);
-
     match ecall_number {
         0 => {
             // TODO: explode computer
@@ -34,9 +47,9 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
         1 => {
             // Make buffer
 
-            let bounded = match vm.registers[3].cast::<u64>() {
-                0 => false,
-                1 => true,
+            let bounded = match vm.registers[3] {
+                Value(0) => false,
+                Value(1) => true,
                 _ => {
                     panic!("Bad");
                 }
@@ -45,22 +58,19 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
             let length = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
 
             let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
-            let abc;
 
-            match bounded {
-                false => {
-                    abc = IpcBuffer::new(false, 0);
-                }
-                true => {
-                    abc = IpcBuffer::new(true, length);
-                }
-            };
             let buff_id = arch::hardware_random_u64();
-            buffs.insert(buff_id, abc);
-            info!("Buffer ID: {}", buff_id);
+            buffs.insert(
+                buff_id,
+                match bounded {
+                    false => IpcBuffer::new(false, 0),
+                    true => IpcBuffer::new(true, length),
+                },
+            );
             vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(buff_id);
         }
         2 => {
+            log::error!("Oops, deleting buffers is not implemented.")
             // Delete buffer
         }
         3 => {
@@ -69,7 +79,6 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
             let mem_addr = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
             let length = vm.registers[5].cast::<u64>() as usize;
             trace!("IPC address: {:?}", mem_addr);
-            use alloc::vec::Vec;
 
             match buffer_id {
                 0 => match sds_msg_handler(vm, mem_addr, length) {
@@ -78,7 +87,7 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
                 },
                 1 => match log_msg_handler(vm, mem_addr, length) {
                     Ok(()) => {}
-                    Err(err) => log::error!("Improper log format"),
+                    Err(_) => log::error!("Improper log format"),
                 },
                 2 => {
                     use crate::holeybytes::kernel_services::mem_serve::memory_msg_handler;
@@ -87,148 +96,139 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
                         Err(_) => {}
                     }
                 }
+                #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
                 3 => {
-                    unsafe fn x86_in(address: u16) -> u8 {
-                        x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).read()
-                    }
-                    unsafe fn x86_in_16(address: u16) -> u16 {
-                        x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).read()
-                    }
-                    unsafe fn x86_in_32(address: u16) -> u32 {
-                        x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).read()
-                    }
-                    unsafe fn x86_out(address: u16, value: u8) {
-                        x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).write(value);
-                    }
-                    unsafe fn x86_out_16(address: u16, value: u16) {
-                        x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).write(value);
-                    }
-                    unsafe fn x86_out_32(address: u16, value: u32) {
-                        x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).write(value);
-                    }
-
-                    let mut msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
+                    let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
                     let msg_type = msg_vec[0];
-                    msg_vec.remove(0);
                     match msg_type {
-                        0 => 'wow: {
-                            let size = match msg_vec[0] {
-                                0 => 1,
-                                1 => 2,
-                                2 => 4,
-                                _ => {
-                                    error!("Tried to write more than 32 bits");
-                                    break 'wow;
-                                }
+                        0 => unsafe {
+                            let size = msg_vec[1];
+                            let addr =
+                                u16::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[2..4].try_into().unwrap_unchecked());
+                            let value = match size {
+                                0 => x86_in::<u8>(addr) as u64,
+                                1 => x86_in::<u16>(addr) as u64,
+                                2 => x86_in::<u32>(addr) as u64,
+                                _ => panic!("Trying to read size other than: 8, 16, 32 from port."),
                             };
-                            msg_vec.remove(0);
-                            let addr = u16::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[0..2].try_into().unwrap());
-                            msg_vec.remove(0);
-                            msg_vec.remove(0);
-                            let value = unsafe {
-                                match size {
-                                    1 => x86_in(addr) as u64,
-                                    2 => x86_in_16(addr) as u64,
-                                    4 => x86_in_32(addr) as u64,
-                                    _ => panic!("how?"),
-                                }
-                            };
-                            msg_vec.clear();
-                            trace!("Read the value {} from address {}", value, addr);
+                            // info!("Read the value {} from address {}", value, addr);
                             vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(value);
-                        }
-                        1 => 'wow: {
-                            let size = match msg_vec[0] {
-                                0 => 1,
-                                1 => 2,
-                                2 => 4,
-                                _ => {
-                                    error!("Tried to write more than 32 bits");
-                                    break 'wow;
-                                }
-                            };
-                            msg_vec.remove(0);
-                            let addr = u16::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[0..2].try_into().unwrap());
-                            msg_vec.remove(0);
-                            msg_vec.remove(0);
-                            trace!("Setting address {}", addr);
-                            unsafe {
+                        },
+                        1 => unsafe {
+                            let size = msg_vec[1];
+                            let addr =
+                                u16::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[2..4].try_into().unwrap_unchecked());
+                            // info!("Setting address {}", addr);
+
                             match size {
-                                    1 => x86_out(addr, msg_vec[0]),
-                                    2 => x86_out_16(
+                                0 => x86_out(addr, msg_vec[4]),
+                                1 => x86_out(
                                     addr,
-                                        u16::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[0..2].try_into().unwrap()),
+                                    u16::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[4..6].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()),
                                 ),
-                                    4 => x86_out_32(
+                                2 => x86_out(
                                     addr,
-                                        u32::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[0..4].try_into().unwrap()),
+                                    u32::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[4..8].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()),
                                 ),
                                 _ => panic!("How?"),
                             }
-                            }
-                            msg_vec.clear();
-                        }
+                        },
                         _ => {}
                     }
                 }
+                #[cfg(not(target_arch = "x86_64"))]
+                3 => unimplemented!("TODO: implement whatever buffer 3 does for no x86_64"),
                 // source of rng
                 4 => {
-                    vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(crate::arch::hardware_random_u32() as u64);
+                    let block = block_read(mem_addr, length);
+                    block.chunks_mut(8.min(length)).for_each(|chunk| {
+                        chunk.clone_from_slice(
+                            &crate::arch::hardware_random_u64().to_le_bytes()[..chunk.len()],
+                        );
+                    });
+                    vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(mem_addr);
                 }
+                5 => match dt_msg_handler(vm, mem_addr, length) {
+                    Ok(()) => {}
+                    Err(_) => log::error!("Improper dt query"),
+                },
+                6 => unsafe {
+                    let program = block_read(mem_addr, length);
+
+                    // decode AbleOS Executable format
+                    let header = &program[0..46];
+                    let magic_slice = &header[0..3];
+                    if magic_slice != [0x15, 0x91, 0xD2] {
+                        log::error!("Invalid magic number at the start of executable.");
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    let executable_format_version =
+                        u32::from_le_bytes(header[3..7].try_into().unwrap());
+                    let offset = if executable_format_version == 0 {
+                        47
+                    } else {
+                        error!("Invalid executable format.");
+                        return;
+                    };
+
+                    let code_length = u64::from_le_bytes(header[7..15].try_into().unwrap());
+                    let data_length = u64::from_le_bytes(header[15..23].try_into().unwrap());
+                    let end = (code_length + data_length) as usize;
+                    log::debug!("{code_length} + {data_length} = {end}");
+
+                    let thr = ExecThread::new(&program[offset..end], Address::new(0));
+                    vm.registers[1] = Value(
+                        LazyCell::<Executor>::get_mut(&mut EXECUTOR)
+                            .unwrap()
+                            .spawn(Box::pin(async move {
+                                if let Err(e) = thr.await {
+                                    log::error!("{e:?}");
+                                }
+                            })) as u64,
+                    );
+                    log::debug!("spawned a process");
+                },
+
                 buffer_id => {
                     let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
                     match buffs.get_mut(&buffer_id) {
                         Some(buff) => {
-                            let mut msg_vec = vec![];
-
-                            for x in 0..(length as isize) {
-                                let xyz = mem_addr as *const u8;
-                                let value = unsafe { xyz.offset(x).read() };
-                                msg_vec.push(value);
-                            }
-                            buff.push(msg_vec.clone());
-                            debug!(
-                                "Message {:?} has been sent to Buffer({})",
-                                msg_vec, buffer_id
-                            );
+                            let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
+                            buff.push(msg_vec.to_vec());
+                            debug!("Sent Message {:?} to Buffer({})", msg_vec, buffer_id);
                         }
                         None => {
                             log::error!("Access of non-existent buffer {}", buffer_id)
                         }
                     }
-                    drop(buffs);
                 }
             }
         }
         4 => {
             let buffer_id = vm.registers[3].cast::<u64>();
-            let mut map_ptr = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
+            let map_ptr = vm.registers[4].cast::<u64>();
             let max_length = vm.registers[5].cast::<u64>();
 
             let mut buffs = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
-            let mut buff: &mut IpcBuffer;
+            let buff: &mut IpcBuffer = match buffs.get_mut(&buffer_id) {
+                Some(buff) => buff,
+                None => panic!(
+                    "Failed to get buffer: id={buffer_id}, ptr={map_ptr}, length={max_length}"
+                ),
+            };
 
-            if buffs.get_mut(&buffer_id).is_some() {
-                buff = buffs.get_mut(&buffer_id).unwrap();
-            } else {
-                // info!("AHHH");
-                vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(0);
-                return;
-            }
-            let pop = buff.pop();
-            if pop.is_err() {
-                return;
-            }
-            let msg = pop.unwrap();
-            if msg.len() > max_length.try_into().unwrap() {
+            let msg = match buff.pop() {
+                Ok(msg) => msg,
+                Err(_) => return,
+            };
+            if msg.len() > unsafe { max_length.try_into().unwrap_unchecked() } {
                 info!("{}", max_length);
                 error!("Message is too long to map in.");
             } else {
                 unsafe {
-                    let ptr: *mut u64 = &mut map_ptr;
-                    for (index, byte) in msg.iter().enumerate() {
-                        ptr.offset(index.try_into().unwrap()).write_bytes(*byte, 1);
-                    }
+                    let ptr = map_ptr as *mut u8;
+                    ptr.copy_from_nonoverlapping(msg.as_ptr(), msg.len());
                 }
 
                 debug!("Recieve {:?} from Buffer({})", msg, buffer_id);
@@ -238,14 +238,8 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
             #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
             {
                 let r2 = vm.registers[2].cast::<u64>();
-                unsafe fn x86_in(address: u16) -> u32 {
-                    x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).read()
-                }
-                unsafe fn x86_out(address: u16, value: u32) {
-                    x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(address).write(value);
-                }
-                let x = hbvm::value::Value(unsafe { x86_in(r2 as u16) } as u64);
-                info!("Read {:?} from Port {:?}", x, r2);
+                let x = hbvm::value::Value(unsafe { x86_in::<u8>(r2 as u16) } as u64);
+                // info!("Read {:?} from Port {:?}", x, r2);
                 vm.registers[3] = x
             }
         }
@@ -255,48 +249,8 @@ pub fn handler(vm: &mut Vm) {
     }
 }
 
-fn log_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), LogError> {
-    // let message_length = 8 + 8 + 8;
-    // log::info!("Mem Addr 0x{:x?} length {}", mem_addr, length);
-    let mut msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
-
-    let log_level = msg_vec.pop().unwrap();
-    match String::from_utf8(msg_vec) {
-        Ok(strr) => {
-            // use LogLevel::*;
-            let ll = match log_level {
-                0 | 48 => error!("{}", strr),
-                1 | 49 => warn!("{}", strr),
-                2 | 50 => info!("{}", strr),
-                3 | 51 => debug!("{}", strr),
-                4 | 52 => trace!("{}", strr),
-                _ => {
-                    return Err(LogError::InvalidLogFormat);
-                }
-            };
-        }
-        Err(e) => {
-            error!("{:?}", e);
-        }
-    }
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum LogError {
     NoMessages,
     InvalidLogFormat,
 }
-use {alloc::vec, log::Record};
-
-// fn memory_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), LogError> {
-//     let mut val = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
-//     for _ in 0..4096 {
-//         val.push(0);
-//     }
-//     info!("Block address: {:?}", val.as_ptr());
-//     vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(val.as_ptr() as u64);
-//     vm.registers[2] = hbvm::value::Value(4096);
-//     Ok(())
-// }

kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/dt_msg_handler.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+use {
+    crate::holeybytes::{kernel_services::block_read, Vm},
+    alloc::vec::Vec,
+};
+pub enum DtError {
+    QueryFailure,
+}
+
+pub fn dt_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), DtError> {
+    let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
+    let query_string = core::str::from_utf8(
+        msg_vec
+            .split_once(|&byte| byte == 0)
+            .unwrap_or((msg_vec, &[]))
+            .0,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    log::trace!("Query {}", query_string);
+
+    let ret = query_parse(query_string);
+    log::trace!("Query response {}", ret);
+
+    vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ret);
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn query_parse(query_string: &str) -> u64 {
+    let query = query_string.split('/').collect::<Vec<&str>>();
+
+    let first_fragment: &str = &query[0];
+    let ret = match first_fragment {
+        "framebuffer" => framebuffer_parse(query),
+        "cpu" => cpu_parse(query),
+
+        _ => 0,
+    };
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+fn cpu_parse(qt_parse_step_two: Vec<&str>) -> u64 {
+    let second_fragment: &str = qt_parse_step_two[1];
+    match second_fragment {
+        // "architecture" => {
+        //     return 0;
+        // }
+        _ => {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+fn framebuffer_parse(qt_parse_step_two: Vec<&str>) -> u64 {
+    use crate::kmain::FB_REQ;
+    let fbs = &mut FB_REQ.get_response().get().unwrap().framebuffers();
+    let second_fragment: &str = qt_parse_step_two[1];
+    match second_fragment {
+        "fb0" => {
+            let fb_front = &fbs[0];
+            let third_fragment: &str = qt_parse_step_two[2];
+            let ret = match third_fragment {
+                "ptr" => {
+                    let ptr = fb_front.address.as_ptr().unwrap();
+                    ptr as usize as u64
+                }
+                "width" => fb_front.width,
+                "height" => fb_front.height,
+
+                _ => 0,
+            };
+            return ret;
+        }
+        _ => {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    };
+}

kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/logging_service.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+use crate::holeybytes::{kernel_services::block_read, Vm};
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum LogError {
+    InvalidLogFormat,
+}
+use log::Record;
+
+pub fn log_msg_handler(_vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), LogError> {
+    let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
+
+    use log::Level::*;
+    let log_level = match msg_vec[0] {
+        0 | 48 => Error,
+        1 | 49 => Warn,
+        2 | 50 => Info,
+        3 | 51 => Debug,
+        4 | 52 => Trace,
+        _ => {
+            return Err(LogError::InvalidLogFormat);
+        }
+    };
+    if log_level > log::max_level() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+    let strptr = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[1..9].try_into().unwrap());
+    let strlen = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[9..17].try_into().unwrap()) as usize;
+
+    let str = block_read(strptr, strlen);
+
+    let file_name = "None";
+    let line_number = 0;
+
+    match core::str::from_utf8(&str) {
+        Ok(strr) => {
+            log::logger().log(
+                &Record::builder()
+                    .args(format_args!("{}", strr))
+                    .level(log_level)
+                    .target("Userspace")
+                    .file(Some(file_name))
+                    .line(Some(line_number))
+                    .module_path(Some(&file_name))
+                    .build(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        Err(e) => {
+            log::error!("{:?}", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}

kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/mem_serve.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 use {
-    crate::holeybytes::{
-        ecah::LogError,
-        kernel_services::{block_read, mem_serve},
-        Vm,
-    },
-    alloc::alloc::alloc_zeroed,
+    crate::holeybytes::{kernel_services::block_read, Vm},
+    alloc::alloc::{alloc, dealloc},
+    core::alloc::Layout,
     log::{debug, info},
 };
 
@@ -19,84 +16,100 @@ pub enum MemoryQuotaType {
     KillQuota = 3,
 }
 
-fn alloc_page(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), MemoryServiceError> {
-    let mut val = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
-    for _ in 0..4096 {
-        val.push(0);
-    }
-    info!("Block address: {:?}", val.as_ptr());
-    vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(val.as_ptr() as u64);
+fn alloc_page(vm: &mut Vm, _mem_addr: u64, _length: usize) -> Result<(), MemoryServiceError> {
+    let ptr = unsafe { alloc(Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(4096, 8)) };
+    info!("Block address: {:?}", ptr);
+    vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ptr as u64);
     vm.registers[2] = hbvm::value::Value(4096);
     Ok(())
 }
 
+#[inline(always)]
+unsafe fn memset(dest: *mut u8, src: *const u8, count: usize, size: usize) {
+    let total_size = count * size;
+    src.copy_to_nonoverlapping(dest, size);
+
+    let mut copied = size;
+
+    while copied < total_size {
+        let copy_size = copied.min(total_size - copied);
+        dest.add(copied).copy_from_nonoverlapping(dest, copy_size);
+        copied += copy_size;
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline(always)]
 pub fn memory_msg_handler(
     vm: &mut Vm,
     mem_addr: u64,
     length: usize,
 ) -> Result<(), MemoryServiceError> {
-    let mut msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
+    let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
     let msg_type = msg_vec[0];
-
-    msg_vec.remove(0);
     match msg_type {
-        0 => {
-            let page_count = msg_vec[0];
-            msg_vec.remove(0);
+        0 => unsafe {
+            let page_count = msg_vec[1];
 
-            let mptr_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[0..8].try_into().unwrap();
-            let mptr: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(mptr_raw);
+            let ptr = alloc(Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(
+                page_count as usize * 4096,
+                8,
+            ));
 
-            log::debug!("Allocating {} pages @ {:x}", page_count, mptr);
+            log::debug!("Allocating {} pages @ {:x}", page_count, ptr as u64);
 
-            let mut val = alloc::vec::Vec::new();
-            for _ in 0..(page_count as isize * 4096) {
-                val.push(0);
-            }
-            vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(val.as_ptr() as u64);
-            log::debug!("Kernel ptr: {:x}", val.as_ptr() as u64);
-        }
-        1 => {
-            let page_count = msg_vec[0];
-            msg_vec.remove(0);
+            vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ptr as u64);
+            log::debug!("Kernel ptr: {:x}", ptr as u64);
+        },
 
-            let mptr_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[0..8].try_into().unwrap();
+        1 => unsafe {
+            let page_count = msg_vec[1];
+
+            let mptr_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[2..10].try_into().unwrap();
             let mptr: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(mptr_raw);
             log::debug!("Deallocating {} pages @ {:x}", page_count, mptr);
-        }
+
+            dealloc(
+                mptr as *mut u8,
+                Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(page_count as usize * 4096, 8),
+            )
+        },
         2 => {
             use MemoryQuotaType::*;
-            let quota_type = match msg_vec[0] {
+            let quota_type = match msg_vec[1] {
                 0 => NoQuota,
                 1 => SoftQuota,
                 2 => HardQuota,
                 3 => KillQuota,
                 _ => NoQuota,
             };
-            msg_vec.remove(0);
-            let hid_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[0..8].try_into().unwrap();
+            let hid_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[2..10].try_into().unwrap();
             let hid: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(hid_raw);
-            for _ in 0..8 {
-                msg_vec.remove(0);
-            }
-
-            let pid_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[0..8].try_into().unwrap();
-            let pid: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(hid_raw);
-            for _ in 0..8 {
-                msg_vec.remove(0);
-            }
-
+            let pid_raw: [u8; 8] = msg_vec[10..18].try_into().unwrap();
+            let pid: u64 = u64::from_le_bytes(pid_raw);
             debug!(
                 "Setting HID-{:x}:PID-{:x}'s quota type to {:?}",
                 hid, pid, quota_type
             )
         }
         3 => {
-            let page_count = msg_vec[0];
+            let page_count = msg_vec[1];
             log::debug!(" {} pages", page_count);
-            msg_vec.remove(0);
         }
+        4 => unsafe {
+            let count = u32::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[1..5].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as usize;
+            let src = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[5..13].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as *const u8;
+            let dest = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[13..21].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as *mut u8;
 
+            src.copy_to_nonoverlapping(dest, count);
+        },
+        5 => unsafe {
+            let count = u32::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[1..5].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as usize;
+            let size = u32::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[5..9].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as usize;
+            let src = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[9..17].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as *const u8;
+            let dest = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[17..25].try_into().unwrap_unchecked()) as *mut u8;
+
+            memset(dest, src, count, size);
+        },
         _ => {
             log::debug!("Unknown memory service message type: {}", msg_type);
         }

kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/mod.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,11 @@
-use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
+use core::slice;
 
+pub mod dt_msg_handler;
+pub mod logging_service;
 pub mod mem_serve;
 pub mod service_definition_service;
 
-pub fn block_read(mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Vec<u8> {
-    let mut msg_vec = vec![];
-
-    for x in 0..(length as isize) {
-        let xyz = mem_addr as *const u8;
-        let value = unsafe { xyz.offset(x).read() };
-        msg_vec.push(value);
-    }
-    msg_vec
+#[inline(always)]
+pub fn block_read<'a>(mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> &'a mut [u8] {
+    unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mem_addr as *mut _, length) }
 }

kernel/src/holeybytes/kernel_services/service_definition_service.rs

@@ -1,46 +1,40 @@
 use {
     crate::{
-        alloc::string::ToString,
         arch::hardware_random_u64,
-        holeybytes::{ecah::LogError, kernel_services::block_read, Vm},
-        ipc::{
-            buffer::IpcBuffer,
-            protocol::{self, Protocol},
-        },
+        holeybytes::{kernel_services::block_read, Vm},
+        ipc::{buffer::IpcBuffer, protocol::Protocol},
         kmain::IPC_BUFFERS,
     },
-    alloc::string::String,
     hashbrown::HashMap,
     log::{info, trace},
     spin::{lazy::Lazy, Mutex},
 };
-pub struct Services(HashMap<u64, Protocol>);
+pub struct Services<'a>(HashMap<u64, Protocol<'a>>);
 pub static SERVICES: Lazy<Mutex<Services>> = Lazy::new(|| {
     let mut dt = Services(HashMap::new());
     dt.0.insert(0, Protocol::void());
     Mutex::new(dt)
 });
-
-pub fn sds_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), LogError> {
-    let mut msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
-    if msg_vec.is_empty() {
-        return Err(LogError::NoMessages);
-    }
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum ServiceError {
+    InvalidFormat,
+}
+pub fn sds_msg_handler(vm: &mut Vm, mem_addr: u64, length: usize) -> Result<(), ServiceError> {
+    let msg_vec = block_read(mem_addr, length);
     let sds_event_type: ServiceEventType = msg_vec[0].into();
-    msg_vec.remove(0);
-
-    // info!("Length {}", msg_vec.len());
+    let strptr = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[1..9].try_into().unwrap());
+    let strlen = u64::from_le_bytes(msg_vec[9..17].try_into().unwrap()) as usize;
+    let string_vec = block_read(strptr, strlen);
+    let string = core::str::from_utf8(string_vec).expect("Our bytes should be valid utf8");
 
     use ServiceEventType::*;
     match sds_event_type {
         CreateService => {
-            let string = String::from_utf8(msg_vec).expect("Our bytes should be valid utf8");
             let ret = sds_create_service(string);
             vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ret as u64);
         }
         DeleteService => todo!(),
         SearchServices => {
-            let string = String::from_utf8(msg_vec).expect("Our bytes should be valid utf8");
             let ret = sds_search_service(string);
             vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ret as u64);
         }
@@ -82,30 +76,29 @@ impl From<u8> for ServiceEventType {
     }
 }
 
-fn sds_create_service(protocol: String) -> u64 {
+fn sds_create_service(protocol: &'static str) -> u64 {
     let buff_id = hardware_random_u64();
     let mut services = SERVICES.lock();
     let mut buffers = IPC_BUFFERS.lock();
 
-    let protocol_ = Protocol::from(protocol.clone());
+    let protocol_ = Protocol::from(protocol);
     let mut buff = IpcBuffer::new(false, 0);
 
     services.0.insert(buff_id, protocol_.clone());
-    buff.protocol = protocol_.clone();
+    buff.protocol = protocol_;
     buffers.insert(buff_id, buff);
 
     trace!("BufferID({}) => {}", buff_id, protocol);
     // let a: protocol::Protocol = protocol.into();
     buff_id
 }
-
-fn sds_search_service(protocol: String) -> u64 {
-    let mut services = SERVICES.lock();
-    let compare = Protocol::from(protocol.clone());
+pub fn sds_search_service(protocol: &str) -> u64 {
+    let services = SERVICES.lock();
+    let compare = Protocol::from(protocol);
     for (bid, protocol_canidate) in &services.0 {
         trace!("BID-{bid} protocol_canidate {:?}", protocol_canidate);
         if protocol_canidate == &compare {
-            trace!("BufferID({}) => {}", bid, protocol.clone());
+            trace!("BufferID({}) => {}", bid, protocol);
             return *bid;
         }
     }

kernel/src/holeybytes/mem.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 use hbvm::mem::Address;
 
 fn calc_start_of_page(ptr: u64) -> u64 {
-    let mut page_aligned = false;
+    let _page_aligned = false;
     if ptr % 4096 == 0 {
         // page_aligned = true;
         return ptr / 4096;
@@ -21,41 +21,39 @@ pub struct Memory {
 
 impl Memory {
     #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
-    fn read_device(addr: Address) {
-        unsafe {
+    fn read_device(_addr: Address) {
+        //unsafe {
         //
         // x86_64::instructions::port::Port::new(addr.get()).read()
-        }
+        //}
     }
 }
 
 impl hbvm::mem::Memory for Memory {
-    #[inline]
+    #[inline(always)]
     unsafe fn load(
         &mut self,
         addr: Address,
         target: *mut u8,
         count: usize,
     ) -> Result<(), hbvm::mem::LoadError> {
-        use log::{error, info};
-        if addr.get() % 4096 == 0 {}
-        core::ptr::copy(addr.get() as *const u8, target, count);
+        core::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(addr.get() as *const u8, target, count);
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[inline]
+    #[inline(always)]
     unsafe fn store(
         &mut self,
         addr: Address,
         source: *const u8,
         count: usize,
     ) -> Result<(), hbvm::mem::StoreError> {
-        core::ptr::copy(source, addr.get() as *mut u8, count);
+        core::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(source, addr.get() as *mut u8, count);
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[inline]
+    #[inline(always)]
     unsafe fn prog_read<T: Copy>(&mut self, addr: Address) -> T {
-        (addr.get() as *const T).read_unaligned()
+        (addr.get() as *const T).read()
     }
 }

kernel/src/holeybytes/mod.rs

@@ -1,70 +1,64 @@
 mod ecah;
-mod kernel_services;
+pub mod kernel_services;
 mod mem;
 
 use {
-    crate::{arch, ipc::buffer::IpcBuffer, kmain::IPC_BUFFERS},
-    alloc::boxed::Box,
-    core::{default, future::Future, marker::PhantomData, ptr::NonNull, task::Poll},
-    hbvm::{
-        mem::{
-            softpaging::{icache::ICache, HandlePageFault, SoftPagedMem},
-            Address, Memory,
+    alloc::alloc::{alloc, dealloc},
+    core::{
+        alloc::Layout,
+        future::Future,
+        pin::Pin,
+        task::{Context, Poll},
     },
+    hbvm::{
+        mem::{softpaging::HandlePageFault, Address},
         VmRunError, VmRunOk,
     },
-    log::{debug, error, info, trace, warn},
+    log::error,
 };
 
 const STACK_SIZE: usize = 1024 * 1024;
-const TIMER_QUOTIENT: usize = 100;
+const TIMER_QUOTIENT: usize = 1000;
 type Vm = hbvm::Vm<mem::Memory, TIMER_QUOTIENT>;
 
-pub struct ExecThread<'p> {
+pub struct ExecThread {
     vm: Vm,
     stack_bottom: *mut u8,
-    _phantom: PhantomData<&'p [u8]>,
 }
 
-unsafe impl<'p> Send for ExecThread<'p> {}
-impl<'p> ExecThread<'p> {
+unsafe impl Send for ExecThread {}
+
+impl ExecThread {
     pub fn set_arguments(&mut self, ptr: u64, length: u64) {
         self.vm.registers[1] = hbvm::value::Value(ptr);
         self.vm.registers[2] = hbvm::value::Value(length);
     }
 
-    pub unsafe fn new(program: &'p [u8], entrypoint: Address) -> Self {
-        let mut vm = unsafe {
-            Vm::new(
+    pub unsafe fn new(program: &[u8], entrypoint: Address) -> Self {
+        let mut vm = Vm::new(
             mem::Memory {},
             Address::new(program.as_ptr() as u64 + entrypoint.get()),
-            )
-        };
+        );
+
+        let stack_bottom = allocate_stack();
 
-        let stack_bottom = unsafe { allocate_stack().as_ptr() };
         vm.write_reg(254, (stack_bottom as usize + STACK_SIZE - 1) as u64);
 
-        ExecThread {
-            vm,
-            stack_bottom,
-            _phantom: Default::default(),
-        }
+        ExecThread { vm, stack_bottom }
     }
 }
 
-impl<'p> Drop for ExecThread<'p> {
+impl<'p> Drop for ExecThread {
     fn drop(&mut self) {
-        unsafe { alloc::alloc::dealloc(self.stack_bottom, stack_layout()) };
+        unsafe { dealloc(self.stack_bottom, stack_layout()) };
     }
 }
 
-impl<'p> Future for ExecThread<'p> {
+impl<'p> Future for ExecThread {
     type Output = Result<(), VmRunError>;
 
-    fn poll(
-        mut self: core::pin::Pin<&mut Self>,
-        cx: &mut core::task::Context<'_>,
-    ) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn poll(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
         match self.vm.run() {
             Err(err) => {
                 log::error!("HBVM Error\r\nRegister dump: {:?}", self.vm.registers,);
@@ -91,33 +85,22 @@ impl HandlePageFault for PageFaultHandler {
     fn page_fault(
         &mut self,
         reason: hbvm::mem::MemoryAccessReason,
-        pagetable: &mut hbvm::mem::softpaging::paging::PageTable,
+        _pagetable: &mut hbvm::mem::softpaging::paging::PageTable,
         vaddr: hbvm::mem::Address,
         size: hbvm::mem::softpaging::PageSize,
         dataptr: *mut u8,
-    ) -> bool
-    where
-        Self: Sized,
-    {
-        log::error!(
-            "REASON: {reason} \
-             vaddr: {vaddr} \
-             size: {size:?} \
-             Dataptr {dataptr:p}",
-        );
-
+    ) -> bool {
+        error!("REASON: {reason} vaddr: {vaddr} size: {size:?} Dataptr {dataptr:p}");
         false
     }
 }
 
-const fn stack_layout() -> core::alloc::Layout {
-    unsafe { alloc::alloc::Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(STACK_SIZE, 4096) }
+#[inline(always)]
+const fn stack_layout() -> Layout {
+    unsafe { Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(STACK_SIZE, 8) }
 }
 
-fn allocate_stack() -> NonNull<u8> {
-    let layout = stack_layout();
-    match NonNull::new(unsafe { alloc::alloc::alloc_zeroed(layout) }) {
-        Some(ptr) => ptr,
-        None => alloc::alloc::handle_alloc_error(layout),
-    }
+#[inline(always)]
+fn allocate_stack() -> *mut u8 {
+    unsafe { alloc(stack_layout()) }
 }

kernel/src/ipc/buffer.rs

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ pub enum BufferTypes {
     Bound(ArrayQueue<Message>),
 }
 /// Interproccess buffer
-pub struct IpcBuffer {
-    pub protocol: Protocol,
+pub struct IpcBuffer<'a> {
+    pub protocol: Protocol<'a>,
     pub buffer:   BufferTypes,
 }
 
-impl IpcBuffer {
+impl<'a> IpcBuffer<'a> {
     pub fn new(bounded: bool, length: u64) -> Self {
         log::debug!(
             "New IPCBuffer\r
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ impl IpcBuffer {
             length
         );
         match (bounded, length) {
-            (false, a) => {
+            (false, ..) => {
                 let buftype = BufferTypes::Unbound(SegQueue::new());
 
                 Self {
@@ -48,10 +48,8 @@ impl IpcBuffer {
     }
     pub fn push(&mut self, msg: Message) {
         match &self.buffer {
-            BufferTypes::Unbound(buff) => buff.push(msg.clone()),
-            BufferTypes::Bound(buff) => {
-                let _ = buff.push(msg.clone());
-            }
+            BufferTypes::Unbound(buff) => buff.push(msg),
+            BufferTypes::Bound(buff) => buff.push(msg).unwrap(),
         };
     }
     pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Result<Message, IpcError> {

kernel/src/ipc/protocol.rs

@@ -1,21 +1,17 @@
-use {
-    alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec},
-    hashbrown::HashMap,
-    log::info,
-};
+use {alloc::vec::Vec, hashbrown::HashMap};
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
 pub struct Type {}
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
-pub struct Funct {
-    takes: Vec<String>,
-    gives: Vec<String>,
+pub struct Funct<'a> {
+    takes: Vec<&'a str>,
+    gives: Vec<&'a str>,
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
-pub struct Protocol {
-    types: HashMap<String, Type>,
-    fns:   HashMap<String, Funct>,
+pub struct Protocol<'a> {
+    types: HashMap<&'a str, Type>,
+    fns:   HashMap<&'a str, Funct<'a>>,
 }
-impl Protocol {
+impl<'a> Protocol<'a> {
     pub fn void() -> Self {
         Self {
             types: HashMap::new(),
@@ -28,8 +24,8 @@ impl Protocol {
     }
 }
 
-impl From<String> for Protocol {
-    fn from(value: alloc::string::String) -> Self {
+impl<'a> From<&'a str> for Protocol<'a> {
+    fn from(value: &'a str) -> Self {
         let mut hm_t = HashMap::new();
         hm_t.insert(value, Type {});
         Self {

kernel/src/kmain.rs

@@ -2,27 +2,37 @@
 
 use {
     crate::{
-        arch::{hardware_random_u64, logging::SERIAL_CONSOLE},
-        bootmodules::{build_cmd, BootModules},
-        capabilities,
+        arch::hardware_random_u64,
+        bootmodules::BootModules,
+        //bootmodules::build_cmd,
         device_tree::DeviceTree,
         holeybytes::ExecThread,
-        ipc::buffer::{self, IpcBuffer},
+        ipc::buffer::IpcBuffer,
+        task::Executor,
     },
-    alloc::format,
+    alloc::boxed::Box,
+    core::cell::LazyCell,
     hashbrown::HashMap,
     hbvm::mem::Address,
     limine::{Framebuffer, FramebufferRequest, NonNullPtr},
-    log::{debug, info, trace},
+    log::{debug, error, trace},
     spin::{Lazy, Mutex},
-    xml::XMLElement,
 };
 
-pub fn kmain(cmdline: &str, boot_modules: BootModules) -> ! {
+pub fn kmain(_cmdline: &str, boot_modules: BootModules) -> ! {
     debug!("Entered kmain");
 
-    let kcmd = build_cmd("Kernel Command Line", cmdline);
-    trace!("Cmdline: {kcmd:?}");
+    #[cfg(feature = "ktest")]
+    {
+        use crate::ktest;
+        debug!("TESTING");
+        ktest::test_main();
+
+        loop {}
+    }
+
+    // let kcmd = build_cmd("Kernel Command Line", cmdline);
+    // trace!("Cmdline: {kcmd:?}");
 
     // for (i, bm) in boot_modules.iter().enumerate() {
     //     let name = format!("module-{}", i);
@@ -38,9 +48,9 @@ pub fn kmain(cmdline: &str, boot_modules: BootModules) -> ! {
     let dt = DEVICE_TREE.lock();
 
     // TODO(Able): This line causes a deadlock
-    info!("Device Tree: {}", dt);
+    debug!("Device Tree: {}", dt);
 
-    info!("Boot complete. Moving to init_system");
+    trace!("Boot complete. Moving to init_system");
 
     // TODO: schedule the disk driver from the initramfs
     // TODO: schedule the filesystem driver from the initramfs
@@ -52,64 +62,91 @@ pub fn kmain(cmdline: &str, boot_modules: BootModules) -> ! {
     let fb1: &NonNullPtr<Framebuffer> = &FB_REQ.get_response().get().unwrap().framebuffers()[0];
 
     {
-        use crate::alloc::string::ToString;
         let mut dt = DEVICE_TREE.lock();
         let mut disp = xml::XMLElement::new("display_0");
 
         disp.set_attribute("width", fb1.width);
         disp.set_attribute("height", fb1.height);
-        disp.set_attribute("bits per pixel", fb1.bpp);
+        disp.set_attribute("bpp", fb1.bpp);
         disp.set_attribute("pitch", fb1.pitch);
-        dt.devices.insert("Displays".to_string(), alloc::vec![disp]);
+        dt.devices.insert("Displays", alloc::vec![disp]);
     }
-    log::info!("Graphics initialised");
-    log::info!(
+    debug!("Graphics initialised");
+    debug!(
         "Graphics front ptr {:?}",
         fb1.address.as_ptr().unwrap() as *const u8
     );
+    log::info!("Started AbleOS");
 
-    let mut executor = crate::task::Executor::default();
-    let bm_take = boot_modules.len();
     unsafe {
-        for module in boot_modules.into_iter().take(bm_take) {
-            let mut cmd = module.cmd;
-            if cmd.len() > 2 {
-                // Remove the quotes
-                cmd.remove(0);
-                cmd.pop();
+        let executor = LazyCell::<Executor>::force_mut(&mut EXECUTOR);
+        for module in boot_modules.iter() {
+            let cmd = module.cmd.trim_matches('"');
+            let cmd_len = cmd.len() as u64;
+
+            log::info!(
+                "Starting {}",
+                module
+                    .path
+                    .split('/')
+                    .last()
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .split('.')
+                    .next()
+                    .unwrap()
+            );
+            log::debug!("Spawning {} with arguments \"{}\"", module.path, cmd);
+
+            // decode AbleOS Executable format
+            let header = &module.bytes[0..46];
+            let magic_slice = &header[0..3];
+            if magic_slice != [0x15, 0x91, 0xD2] {
+                log::error!("Invalid magic number at the start of executable.");
+                continue;
             }
-            let cmd_len = cmd.as_bytes().len() as u64;
 
-            log::info!("Spawning {} with arguments \"{}\"", module.path, cmd);
+            let executable_format_version = u32::from_le_bytes(header[3..7].try_into().unwrap());
+            let offset = if executable_format_version == 0 {
+                47
+            } else {
+                error!("Invalid executable format.");
+                continue;
+            };
 
-            executor.spawn(async move {
-                let mut thr = ExecThread::new(&module.bytes, Address::new(0));
+            let code_length = u64::from_le_bytes(header[7..15].try_into().unwrap());
+            let data_length = u64::from_le_bytes(header[15..23].try_into().unwrap());
+            let end = (code_length + data_length) as usize;
+            log::debug!("{code_length} + {data_length} = {end}");
+
+            let mut thr = ExecThread::new(&module.bytes[offset..end], Address::new(0));
             if cmd_len > 0 {
-                    thr.set_arguments(cmd.as_bytes().as_ptr() as u64, cmd_len);
+                thr.set_arguments(cmd.as_ptr() as u64, cmd_len);
             }
-
+            executor.spawn(Box::pin(async move {
                 if let Err(e) = thr.await {
                     log::error!("{e:?}");
                 }
-            });
+            }));
         }
 
-        info!("Random number: {}", hardware_random_u64());
+        debug!("Random number: {}", hardware_random_u64());
 
         executor.run();
     };
-
     crate::arch::spin_loop()
 }
 
+// ! SAFETY: this is not threadsafe at all, like even a little bit.
+// ! SERIOUSLY
+pub static mut EXECUTOR: LazyCell<Executor> = LazyCell::new(|| Executor::new());
+
 pub static DEVICE_TREE: Lazy<Mutex<DeviceTree>> = Lazy::new(|| {
     let dt = DeviceTree::new();
     Mutex::new(dt)
 });
 pub static FB_REQ: FramebufferRequest = FramebufferRequest::new(0);
 
-use alloc::vec::Vec;
-pub type IpcBuffers = HashMap<u64, IpcBuffer>;
+pub type IpcBuffers<'a> = HashMap<u64, IpcBuffer<'a>>;
 pub static IPC_BUFFERS: Lazy<Mutex<IpcBuffers>> = Lazy::new(|| {
     let mut bufs = HashMap::new();
     let log_buffer = IpcBuffer::new(false, 0);
@@ -120,10 +157,3 @@ pub static IPC_BUFFERS: Lazy<Mutex<IpcBuffers>> = Lazy::new(|| {
 
     Mutex::new(bufs)
 });
-
-#[test_case]
-fn trivial_assertion() {
-    trace!("trivial assertion... ");
-    assert_eq!(1, 1);
-    info!("[ok]");
-}

kernel/src/ktest.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+pub use ktest_macro::ktest;
+use log::debug;
+
+extern "C" {
+    static __ktest_start: fn();
+    static __ktest_end: fn();
+}
+
+// TODO: Get test_fn linker name (may require no_mangle in macro)
+//       More info on tests (run the rest even if panic)
+//       Implement ktest for arm and riscv (Later problems, see below)
+//       Allow for arch specific tests (Leave for now)
+//       Allow for ktest test name attr
+//       Usefull message at the end of testing
+pub fn test_main() {
+    unsafe {
+        let mut current_test = &__ktest_start as *const fn();
+        let mut current = 1;
+        let test_end = &__ktest_end as *const fn();        
+
+        while current_test < test_end {
+            let test_fn = *current_test;
+
+            debug!("Running test {}", current);
+            
+            test_fn();
+            debug!("Test {} passed", current);
+
+            current_test = current_test.add(1);
+            current += 1;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[ktest]
+pub fn trivial_assertion() {
+    assert_eq!(1, 1);
+}

kernel/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,21 +1,20 @@
 //! The ableOS kernel.
 //! Named akern.
 //! Akern is woefully undersupported at the moment but we are looking to add support improve hardware discovery and make our lives as kernel and operating system developers easier and better
-
 #![no_std]
+#![no_main]
 #![feature(
+    slice_split_once,
+    exclusive_wrapper,
+    core_intrinsics,
     abi_x86_interrupt,
+    lazy_get,
     alloc_error_handler,
-    inline_const,
-    panic_info_message,
-    pointer_is_aligned,
     ptr_sub_ptr,
-    custom_test_frameworks,
     naked_functions,
-    pointer_is_aligned_to
+    pointer_is_aligned_to,
 )]
-#![allow(dead_code)]
-#![test_runner(crate::test_runner)]
+#![allow(dead_code, internal_features, static_mut_refs)]
 extern crate alloc;
 
 mod allocator;
@@ -23,6 +22,7 @@ mod arch;
 mod bootmodules;
 mod capabilities;
 mod device_tree;
+mod exe_format;
 mod handle;
 mod holeybytes;
 mod ipc;
@@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ mod memory;
 mod task;
 mod utils;
 
+// #[cfg(feature = "tests")]
+mod ktest;
+
+use alloc::string::ToString;
 use versioning::Version;
 
 /// Kernel's version
@@ -42,6 +46,7 @@ pub const VERSION: Version = Version {
 };
 
 #[panic_handler]
+#[cfg(target_os = "none")]
 fn panic(info: &core::panic::PanicInfo) -> ! {
     arch::register_dump();
 
@@ -54,17 +59,7 @@ fn panic(info: &core::panic::PanicInfo) -> ! {
         ));
     }
 
-    if let Some(msg) = info.message() {
+    let msg = info.message().to_string().replace("\n", "\r\n");
     let _ = crate::arch::log(format_args!("{msg}\r\n"));
-    }
-
     loop {}
 }
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-fn test_runner(tests: &[&dyn Fn()]) {
-    println!("Running {} tests", tests.len());
-    for test in tests {
-        test();
-    }
-}

kernel/src/logger.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#![allow(deprecated)]
 // TODO: Add a logger api with logger levels and various outputs
 pub static TERMINAL_LOGGER: Lazy<Mutex<TermLogger>> = Lazy::new(|| Mutex::new(TermLogger::new()));
 
@@ -35,7 +36,19 @@ impl log::Log for Logger {
             Level::Debug => "25",
             Level::Trace => "103",
         };
-        let module = record.module_path().unwrap_or_default();
+        let module = record
+            .module_path()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+            .rsplit_once(':')
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+            .1;
+        if module == "" {
+            crate::arch::log(format_args!(
+                "\x1b[38;5;{lvl_color}m{lvl}\x1b[0m: {}\r\n",
+                record.args(),
+            ))
+            .expect("write to serial console");
+        } else {
             let line = record.line().unwrap_or_default();
             crate::arch::log(format_args!(
                 "\x1b[38;5;{lvl_color}m{lvl}\x1b[0m [{module}:{line}]: {}\r\n",
@@ -43,6 +56,7 @@ impl log::Log for Logger {
             ))
             .expect("write to serial console");
         }
+    }
 
     fn flush(&self) {}
 }

kernel/src/memory.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 //! The Memory Manager
 
-use alloc::collections::VecDeque;
-use derive_more::*;
+use {alloc::collections::VecDeque, derive_more::*};
 
 pub use crate::arch::PAGE_SIZE;
 pub const MAX_ORDER: usize = 10;
@@ -44,7 +43,7 @@ pub const MAX_ORDER: usize = 10;
     Sum,
     UpperHex,
 )]
-#[display(fmt = "0x{:x}", _0)]
+#[display("0x{:x}", _0)]
 #[from(forward)]
 pub struct VirtualAddress(usize);
 
@@ -55,11 +54,11 @@ impl VirtualAddress {
     pub fn vpns(&self) -> [usize; 3] {
         [
             // [20:12]
-            (self.0 >> 12) & 0x1ff,
+            (self.0 >> 12) & 0x1FF,
             // [29:21]
-            (self.0 >> 21) & 0x1ff,
+            (self.0 >> 21) & 0x1FF,
             // [38:30]
-            (self.0 >> 30) & 0x1ff,
+            (self.0 >> 30) & 0x1FF,
         ]
     }
 
@@ -114,7 +113,7 @@ impl VirtualAddress {
     Sum,
     UpperHex,
 )]
-#[display(fmt = "0x{:x}", _0)]
+#[display("0x{:x}", _0)]
 #[from(forward)]
 pub struct PhysicalAddress(usize);
 
@@ -125,11 +124,11 @@ impl PhysicalAddress {
     pub fn ppns(&self) -> [usize; 3] {
         [
             // [20:12]
-            (self.0 >> 12) & 0x1ff,
+            (self.0 >> 12) & 0x1FF,
             // [29:21]
-            (self.0 >> 21) & 0x1ff,
+            (self.0 >> 21) & 0x1FF,
             // [55:30]
-            (self.0 >> 30) & 0x3ffffff,
+            (self.0 >> 30) & 0x3FFFFFF,
         ]
     }
 

kernel/src/task.rs

@@ -1,31 +1,20 @@
-#![allow(unused)]
-
 use {
-    alloc::{boxed::Box, collections::BTreeMap, sync::Arc, task::Wake},
+    alloc::{boxed::Box, sync::Arc},
     core::{
         future::Future,
         pin::Pin,
-        task::{Context, Poll, Waker},
+        task::{Context, Poll, RawWaker, RawWakerVTable, Waker},
     },
     crossbeam_queue::SegQueue,
-    kiam::when,
     slab::Slab,
-    spin::RwLock,
 };
 
-static SPAWN_QUEUE: RwLock<Option<SpawnQueue>> = RwLock::new(None);
-pub fn spawn(future: impl Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static) {
-    match &*SPAWN_QUEUE.read() {
-        Some(s) => s.push(Task::new(future)),
-        None => panic!("no task executor is running"),
-    }
-}
-
 pub fn yield_now() -> impl Future<Output = ()> {
     struct YieldNow(bool);
     impl Future for YieldNow {
         type Output = ();
 
+        #[inline(always)]
         fn poll(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
             if self.0 {
                 Poll::Ready(())
@@ -40,101 +29,150 @@ pub fn yield_now() -> impl Future<Output = ()> {
     YieldNow(false)
 }
 
-#[derive(Default)]
 pub struct Executor {
     tasks:      Slab<Task>,
-    queue:    TaskQueue,
-    to_spawn: SpawnQueue,
-    wakers:   BTreeMap<TaskId, Waker>,
+    task_queue: Arc<TaskQueue>,
 }
 
 impl Executor {
-    pub fn spawn(&mut self, future: impl Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static) {
-        self.queue
-            .push(TaskId(self.tasks.insert(Task::new(future))));
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            tasks:      Slab::new(),
+            task_queue: Arc::new(TaskQueue::new()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn spawn(&mut self, future: Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>) -> usize {
+        let id = self.tasks.insert(Task::new(future));
+        self.task_queue.queue.push(id);
+        id
     }
 
     pub fn run(&mut self) {
-        {
-            let mut global_spawner = SPAWN_QUEUE.write();
-            if global_spawner.is_some() {
-                panic!("Task executor is already running");
-            }
-
-            *global_spawner = Some(Arc::clone(&self.to_spawn));
-        }
+        let mut task_batch = [0; 32];
+        let mut batch_len = 0;
 
         loop {
-            when! {
-                let Some(id) = self
-                    .to_spawn
-                    .pop()
-                    .map(|t| TaskId(self.tasks.insert(t)))
-                    .or_else(|| self.queue.pop())
-                => {
-                    let Some(task) = self.tasks.get_mut(id.0) else {
-                        panic!("Attempted to get task from empty slot: {}", id.0);
-                    };
+            self.task_queue.batch_pop(&mut task_batch, &mut batch_len);
 
-                    let mut cx = Context::from_waker(self.wakers.entry(id).or_insert_with(|| {
-                        Waker::from(Arc::new(TaskWaker {
-                            id,
-                            queue: Arc::clone(&self.queue),
-                        }))
-                    }));
-
-                    match task.poll(&mut cx) {
-                        Poll::Ready(()) => {
-                            self.tasks.remove(id.0);
-                            self.wakers.remove(&id);
-                        }
-                        Poll::Pending => (),
-                    }
-                },
-                self.tasks.is_empty() => break,
-                _ => (),
+            if batch_len == 0 {
+                if self.task_queue.is_empty() {
+                    break;
+                } else {
+                    continue;
                 }
             }
 
-        *SPAWN_QUEUE.write() = None;
+            for &id in &task_batch[..batch_len] {
+                if let Some(task) = self.tasks.get_mut(id) {
+                    let waker = task
+                        .waker
+                        .get_or_insert_with(|| TaskWaker::new(id, Arc::clone(&self.task_queue)));
+
+                    let waker = unsafe { Waker::from_raw(TaskWaker::into_raw_waker(waker)) };
+                    let mut cx = Context::from_waker(&waker);
+
+                    if let Poll::Ready(()) = task.poll(&mut cx) {
+                        self.tasks.remove(id);
+                        self.task_queue.free_tasks.push(id);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
 struct Task {
     future: Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>,
+    waker:  Option<TaskWaker>,
 }
 
 impl Task {
-    pub fn new(future: impl Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static) -> Self {
-        log::trace!("New task scheduled");
+    #[inline(always)]
+    pub fn new(future: Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>) -> Self {
         Self {
-            future: Box::pin(future),
+            future,
+            waker: None,
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline(always)]
     fn poll(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<()> {
         self.future.as_mut().poll(cx)
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
-struct TaskId(usize);
-
-type TaskQueue = Arc<SegQueue<TaskId>>;
-type SpawnQueue = Arc<SegQueue<Task>>;
-
 struct TaskWaker {
-    id:    TaskId,
-    queue: TaskQueue,
+    id: usize,
+    task_queue: Arc<TaskQueue>,
 }
 
-impl Wake for TaskWaker {
-    fn wake(self: Arc<Self>) {
-        log::trace!("Woke Task-{:?}", self.id);
-        self.wake_by_ref();
+impl TaskWaker {
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn new(id: usize, task_queue: Arc<TaskQueue>) -> Self {
+        Self { id, task_queue }
     }
 
-    fn wake_by_ref(self: &Arc<Self>) {
-        self.queue.push(self.id);
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn wake(&self) {
+        self.task_queue.queue.push(self.id);
+    }
+
+    fn into_raw_waker(waker: &TaskWaker) -> RawWaker {
+        let ptr = waker as *const TaskWaker;
+        RawWaker::new(ptr.cast(), &VTABLE)
+    }
+}
+
+const VTABLE: RawWakerVTable = RawWakerVTable::new(clone_raw, wake_raw, wake_by_ref_raw, drop_raw);
+
+unsafe fn clone_raw(ptr: *const ()) -> RawWaker {
+    let waker = &*(ptr as *const TaskWaker);
+    TaskWaker::into_raw_waker(waker)
+}
+
+unsafe fn wake_raw(ptr: *const ()) {
+    let waker = &*(ptr as *const TaskWaker);
+    waker.wake();
+}
+
+unsafe fn wake_by_ref_raw(ptr: *const ()) {
+    let waker = &*(ptr as *const TaskWaker);
+    waker.wake();
+}
+
+unsafe fn drop_raw(_: *const ()) {}
+
+struct TaskQueue {
+    queue:      SegQueue<usize>,
+    next_task:  usize,
+    free_tasks: SegQueue<usize>,
+}
+
+impl TaskQueue {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            queue:      SegQueue::new(),
+            next_task:  0,
+            free_tasks: SegQueue::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn batch_pop(&self, output: &mut [usize], len: &mut usize) {
+        *len = 0;
+        while let Some(id) = self.queue.pop() {
+            output[*len] = id;
+            *len += 1;
+            if *len == output.len() {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.queue.is_empty()
     }
 }

kernel/src/utils.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 /// Used when tab `\t` in hardware is not known and we will default to two spaces
 pub const TAB: &str = "  ";
 
-
 // NOTE: this only reduces the code duplication in source code not in generated code!
 // Written by Yours Truly: Munir
 /// A simple macro to reduce code duplication when we use TAB internally
@@ -12,7 +11,7 @@ pub const TAB: &str = "  ";
 macro_rules! tab {
     ($num:expr) => {
         TAB.repeat($num)
-    }
+    };
 }
 
 // NOTE: this only reduces the code duplication in source code not in generated code!
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ macro_rules! tab {
 macro_rules! device_tree {
     ($devtree:expr, $dev_type_vec:expr) => {
         for each_device_type in $dev_type_vec {
-            $devtree.devices.insert(each_device_type.to_string(), Vec::new());
+            $devtree.devices.insert(each_device_type, Vec::new());
         }
     };
 }

kernel/targets/aarch64-virt-ableos.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
     "arch": "aarch64",
-    "data-layout": "e-m:e-i8:8:32-i16:16:32-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128",
+    "data-layout": "e-m:e-i8:8:32-i16:16:32-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-Fn32",
     "disable-redzone": true,
     "env": "",
     "executables": true,

kernel/targets/x86_64_v3-ableos.json

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+{
+	"llvm-target": "x86_64-unknown-none",
+	"data-layout": "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128",
+	"arch": "x86_64",
+	"target-endian": "little",
+	"target-pointer-width": "64",
+	"target-c-int-width": "32",
+	"os": "none",
+	"executables": true,
+	"linker-flavor": "ld.lld",
+	"linker": "rust-lld",
+	"panic-strategy": "abort",
+	"disable-redzone": true,
+	"features": "+sse4.1,+avx,+aes,+fma,+popcnt,+bmi2,+avx2,+lzcnt,+xsave",
+	"code-model": "kernel",
+	"pre-link-args": {
+		"ld.lld": [
+			"--gc-sections",
+			"--script=kernel/lds/x86_64.ld"
+		]
+	}
+}

known_bugs.md

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# i did not know where to put this
+- memcpy / memset cause crash on debug builds due to ptr misalignment that is not present on release builds

repbuild/Cargo.toml

@@ -4,15 +4,17 @@ version = "0.2.0"
 edition = "2021"
 
 [dependencies]
-str-reader = "0.1.2"
-derive_more = "0.99"
-error-stack = "0.4"
-fatfs = "0.3"
-toml = "0.5.2"
-# hbasm.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/holey-bytes.git"
+str-reader = "0.1"
+derive_more = { version = "1", default-features = false, features = [
+	"display",
+] }
+error-stack = "0.5"
+fatfs = { version = "0.3", default-features = false, features = [
+	"std",
+	"alloc",
+] }
+toml = "0.8"
 hblang.git = "https://git.ablecorp.us/AbleOS/holey-bytes.git"
-
-[dependencies.reqwest]
-version = "0.11"
-default-features = false
-features = ["rustls-tls", "blocking"]
+log = "0.4"
+raw-cpuid = "11"
+ureq = { version = "2", default-features = false, features = ["tls"] }

repbuild/src/dev.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
+#![allow(unused)]
 use std::{
+    collections::HashMap,
     fmt::format,
     fs::{read_to_string, File},
     io::{BufWriter, Write},
@@ -12,6 +14,7 @@ pub struct Package {
     name:      String,
     binaries:  Vec<String>,
     build_cmd: String,
+    args:      HashMap<String, String>,
 }
 
 impl Package {
@@ -45,57 +48,79 @@ impl Package {
         let mut binaries = vec![];
 
         for (count, (name, table)) in bin_table.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            // if count != 0 {
-            println!("{}", name);
             binaries.push(name.clone());
-            // }
         }
         let build_table = data.get("build").unwrap();
 
         let mut build_cmd: String = build_table.get("command").unwrap().as_str().unwrap().into();
         build_cmd.remove(0);
-        // build_cmd.pop();
+        let mut args: HashMap<String, String> = match build_table.get("args") {
+            None => HashMap::new(),
+            Some(v) => v
+                .as_table()
+                .unwrap()
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.to_string()))
+                .collect::<HashMap<String, String>>(),
+        };
 
         Self {
             name,
             binaries,
             build_cmd,
+            args,
         }
     }
-    pub fn build(&self) {
+    pub fn build(&self, out: &mut Vec<u8>) -> std::io::Result<()> {
         if self.binaries.contains(&"hblang".to_string()) {
             let file = self.build_cmd.split_ascii_whitespace().last().unwrap();
-
             let path = format!("sysdata/programs/{}/{}", self.name, file);
-            let mut bytes = Vec::new();
             // compile here
 
-            let _ = hblang::run_compiler(
+            let mut warnings = String::new();
+
+            hblang::run_compiler(
                 &path,
                 Options {
                     fmt: true,
+                    in_house_regalloc: true,
                     ..Default::default()
                 },
-                &mut bytes,
-            );
-            let _ = hblang::run_compiler(&path, Default::default(), &mut bytes);
+                out,
+                &mut warnings,
+            )?;
 
             match std::fs::create_dir("target/programs") {
                 Ok(_) => (),
                 Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists => (),
                 Err(e) => panic!("{}", e),
             }
-            std::fs::write(format!("target/programs/{}.hbf", self.name), &bytes).unwrap();
-            bytes.clear();
-            let _ = hblang::run_compiler(
+
+            hblang::run_compiler(
+                &path,
+                Options {
+                    in_house_regalloc: true,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                },
+                out,
+                &mut warnings,
+            )?;
+            std::fs::write(format!("target/programs/{}.hbf", self.name), &out)?;
+            out.clear();
+
+            hblang::run_compiler(
                 &path,
                 Options {
                     dump_asm: true,
+                    in_house_regalloc: true,
                     ..Default::default()
                 },
-                &mut bytes,
-            );
-            std::fs::write(format!("target/programs/{}.hba", self.name), &bytes).unwrap();
+                out,
+                &mut warnings,
+            )?;
+            std::fs::write(format!("target/programs/{}.hba", self.name), &out)?;
+            out.clear();
         }
+        Ok(())
     }
 }

repbuild/src/main.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 mod dev;
 
 use {
+    core::fmt::Write as _,
     derive_more::Display,
     dev::Package,
     error_stack::{bail, report, Context, Report, Result, ResultExt},
     fatfs::{FileSystem, FormatVolumeOptions, FsOptions, ReadWriteSeek},
     std::{
-        fmt::Display,
         fs::{self, File},
         io::{self, Write},
         path::Path,
-        process::{exit, Command},
+        process::{exit, Command, Stdio},
     },
     toml::Value,
 };
@@ -19,11 +19,15 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
     let mut args = std::env::args();
     args.next();
 
+    log::set_logger(&hblang::Logger).unwrap();
+    log::set_max_level(log::LevelFilter::Error);
+
     match args.next().as_deref() {
         Some("build" | "b") => {
             let mut release = false;
             let mut debuginfo = false;
             let mut target = Target::X86_64;
+            let mut tests = false;
             for arg in args {
                 if arg == "-r" || arg == "--release" {
                     release = true;
@@ -33,17 +37,45 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
                     target = Target::Riscv64Virt;
                 } else if arg == "arm64" || arg == "aarch64" || arg == "aarch64-virt" {
                     target = Target::Aarch64;
+                } else if arg == "avx2" {
+                    target = Target::X86_64Avx2;
+                } else if arg == "--ktest" {
+                    tests = true;
                 } else {
                     return Err(report!(Error::InvalidSubCom));
                 }
             }
 
-            build(release, target, debuginfo).change_context(Error::Build)
+            build(release, target, debuginfo, tests).change_context(Error::Build)
         }
+        // Some("test" | "t") => {
+        //     let mut release = false;
+        //     let mut debuginfo = false;
+        //     let mut target = Target::X86_64;
+        //     for arg in args {
+        //         if arg == "-r" || arg == "--release" {
+        //             release = true;
+        //         } else if arg == "-d" || arg == "--debuginfo" {
+        //             debuginfo = true;
+        //         } else if arg == "rv64" || arg == "riscv64" || arg == "riscv64-virt" {
+        //             target = Target::Riscv64Virt;
+        //         } else if arg == "arm64" || arg == "aarch64" || arg == "aarch64-virt" {
+        //             target = Target::Aarch64;
+        //         } else if arg == "avx2" {
+        //             target = Target::X86_64Avx2;
+        //         } else {
+        //             return Err(report!(Error::InvalidSubCom));
+        //         }
+        //     }
+
+        //     test(release, target, debuginfo).change_context(Error::Build)
+        // }
         Some("run" | "r") => {
             let mut release = false;
             let mut debuginfo = false;
             let mut target = Target::X86_64;
+            let mut tests = false;
+            let mut do_accel = true;
             for arg in args {
                 if arg == "-r" || arg == "--release" {
                     release = true;
@@ -53,13 +85,19 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
                     target = Target::Riscv64Virt;
                 } else if arg == "arm64" || arg == "aarch64" || arg == "aarch64-virt" {
                     target = Target::Aarch64;
+                } else if arg == "--noaccel" {
+                    do_accel = false;
+                } else if arg == "avx2" {
+                    target = Target::X86_64Avx2;
+                } else if arg == "--ktest" {
+                    tests = true; 
                 } else {
                     return Err(report!(Error::InvalidSubCom));
                 }
             }
 
-            build(release, target, debuginfo)?;
-            run(release, target)
+            build(release, target, debuginfo, tests)?;
+            run(release, target, do_accel)
         }
         Some("help" | "h") => {
             println!(concat!(
@@ -69,8 +107,11 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
                 "   help (h): Print this message\n",
                 "    run (r): Build and run AbleOS in QEMU\n\n",
                 "Options for build and run:\n",
-                "        -r: build in release mode",
-                "  [target]: sets target"
+                "        -r / --release: build in release mode\n",
+                "        -d / --debuginfo: build with debug info\n",
+                "        --noaccel: run without acceleration (e.g, no kvm)\n",
+                "        --ktest: Enables tests via ktest\n",
+                "[ rv64 / riscv64 / riscv64-virt / aarch64 / arm64 / aarch64-virt / avx2 ]: sets target"
             ),);
             Ok(())
         }
@@ -193,7 +234,12 @@ TERM_BACKDROP={}
         let modules = value.get_mut("modules").unwrap().as_table_mut().unwrap();
         // let mut real_modules = modules.clone();
 
-        modules.into_iter().for_each(|(key, value)| {
+        let mut errors = String::new();
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+
+        modules
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(_, value)| -> Result<(), io::Error> {
                 if value.is_table() {
                     let path = get_path_without_boot_prefix(
                         value.get("path").expect("You must have `path` as a value"),
@@ -205,9 +251,26 @@ TERM_BACKDROP={}
                     let p = Package::load_from_file(
                         format!("sysdata/programs/{}/meta.toml", path).to_owned(),
                     );
-                p.build();
+                    match p.build(&mut out) {
+                        Ok(()) => {}
+                        Err(_) => {
+                            writeln!(errors, "========= while compiling {} =========", path)
+                                .unwrap();
+                            errors.push_str(core::str::from_utf8(&out).expect("no"));
+                            out.clear();
                         }
-        });
+                    }
+                }
+                Ok(())
+            })
+            .for_each(drop);
+
+        if !errors.is_empty() {
+            let _ = writeln!(errors, "!!! STOPPING DUE TO PREVIOUS ERRORS !!!");
+            std::eprint!("{errors}");
+            continue;
+        }
+
         modules.into_iter().for_each(|(_key, value)| {
             if value.is_table() {
                 let path = value.get("path").expect("You must have `path` as a value");
@@ -242,7 +305,7 @@ TERM_BACKDROP={}
     let bootdir = fs.root_dir().create_dir("efi")?.create_dir("boot")?;
 
     let mut f = fs.root_dir().create_file("limine.cfg")?;
-    let a = f.write(limine_str.as_bytes())?;
+    let _ = f.write(limine_str.as_bytes())?;
     drop(f);
 
     io::copy(
@@ -276,7 +339,7 @@ fn copy_file_to_img(fpath: &str, fs: &FileSystem<File>) {
     .expect("Copy failed");
 }
 
-fn build(release: bool, target: Target, debuginfo: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
+fn build(release: bool, target: Target, debuginfo: bool, tests: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
     let fs = get_fs().change_context(Error::Io)?;
     let mut com = Command::new("cargo");
     com.current_dir("kernel");
@@ -288,12 +351,19 @@ fn build(release: bool, target: Target, debuginfo: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
         com.env("RUSTFLAGS", "-Cdebug-assertions=true");
     }
 
+    if tests {
+        com.args(["--features", "ktest"]);
+    }
+
     if target == Target::Riscv64Virt {
         com.args(["--target", "targets/riscv64-virt-ableos.json"]);
     }
     if target == Target::Aarch64 {
         com.args(["--target", "targets/aarch64-virt-ableos.json"]);
     }
+    if target == Target::X86_64Avx2 {
+        com.args(["--target", "targets/x86_64_v3-ableos.json"]);
+    }
 
     match com.status() {
         Ok(s) if s.code() != Some(0) => bail!(Error::Build),
@@ -307,6 +377,10 @@ fn build(release: bool, target: Target, debuginfo: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
             path.push_str("_x86-64");
             "target/x86_64-ableos"
         }
+        Target::X86_64Avx2 => {
+            path.push_str("_x86-64");
+            "target/x86_64_v3-ableos"
+        }
         Target::Riscv64Virt => "target/riscv64-virt-ableos",
         Target::Aarch64 => {
             path.push_str("_aarch64");
@@ -329,25 +403,68 @@ fn build(release: bool, target: Target, debuginfo: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
     .change_context(Error::Io)
 }
 
-fn run(release: bool, target: Target) -> Result<(), Error> {
-    let mut com = match target {
-        Target::X86_64 => Command::new("qemu-system-x86_64"),
-        Target::Riscv64Virt => Command::new("qemu-system-riscv64"),
-        Target::Aarch64 => Command::new("qemu-system-aarch64"),
+fn run(release: bool, target: Target, do_accel: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let target_str = match target {
+        Target::X86_64 | Target::X86_64Avx2 => "qemu-system-x86_64",
+        Target::Riscv64Virt => "qemu-system-riscv64",
+        Target::Aarch64 => "qemu-system-aarch64",
     };
+    let (mut com, mut com2) = (Command::new(target_str), Command::new(target_str));
     let ovmf_path = fetch_ovmf(target);
+    #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+    let accel = if do_accel {
+        let supported = String::from_utf8(
+            com2.args(["--accel", "help"])
+                .stdout(Stdio::piped())
+                .stderr(Stdio::piped())
+                .spawn()
+                .unwrap()
+                .wait_with_output()
+                .unwrap()
+                .stdout,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+        let cpuid = raw_cpuid::CpuId::new();
+        let vmx = cpuid.get_feature_info().unwrap().has_vmx();
+        let svm = cpuid.get_svm_info().is_some();
+
+        if supported.contains("kvm") && (vmx || svm) {
+            "accel=kvm"
+        } else if cpuid
+            .get_processor_brand_string()
+            .filter(|a| a.as_str() == "GenuineIntel")
+            .is_some()
+            && supported.contains("hax")
+            && vmx
+        {
+            "accel=hax"
+        } else if supported.contains("whpx") {
+            "accel=whpx"
+        } else {
+            "accel=tcg"
+        }
+    } else {
+        "accel=tcg"
+    };
+    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "x86_64"))]
+    let accel = "accel=tcg";
 
     match target {
-        Target::X86_64 => {
+        Target::X86_64 | Target::X86_64Avx2 => {
             #[rustfmt::skip]
             com.args([
                 "-bios", &ovmf_path.change_context(Error::OvmfFetch)?,
                 "-drive", "file=target/disk.img,format=raw",
-                "-m", "4G",
-                "-smp", "cores=4",
-                "-enable-kvm",
-                "-cpu", "host",
-                "-device", "isa-debug-exit,iobase=0xf4,iosize=0x04"
+                "-device", "vmware-svga",
+                // "-serial", "stdio",
+                "-m", "2G",
+                "-smp", "1",
+                "-parallel", "none",
+                "-monitor", "none",
+                "-machine", accel,
+                "-cpu", "max",
+                "-device", "isa-debug-exit,iobase=0xf4,iosize=0x04",
             ]);
         }
         Target::Riscv64Virt => {
@@ -368,7 +485,7 @@ fn run(release: bool, target: Target) -> Result<(), Error> {
             #[rustfmt::skip]
             com.args([
                 "-M", "virt",
-                "-cpu", "cortex-a72",
+                "-cpu", "max",
                 "-device", "ramfb",
                 "-device", "qemu-xhci",
                 "-device", "usb-kbd",
@@ -389,9 +506,10 @@ fn run(release: bool, target: Target) -> Result<(), Error> {
     }
 }
 
+
 fn fetch_ovmf(target: Target) -> Result<String, OvmfFetchError> {
     let (ovmf_url, ovmf_path) = match target {
-        Target::X86_64 => (
+        Target::X86_64 | Target::X86_64Avx2 => (
             "https://retrage.github.io/edk2-nightly/bin/RELEASEX64_OVMF.fd",
             "target/RELEASEX64_OVMF.fd",
         ),
@@ -413,12 +531,12 @@ fn fetch_ovmf(target: Target) -> Result<String, OvmfFetchError> {
         Ok(_) => return Ok(ovmf_path.to_owned()),
         Err(e) => return Err(report!(e).change_context(OvmfFetchError::Io)),
     };
-    let mut bytes = reqwest::blocking::get(ovmf_url)
+    let req = ureq::get(ovmf_url)
+        .call()
         .map_err(Report::from)
         .change_context(OvmfFetchError::Fetch)?;
 
-    bytes
-        .copy_to(&mut file)
+    std::io::copy(&mut req.into_reader(), &mut file)
         .map_err(Report::from)
         .change_context(OvmfFetchError::Io)?;
 
@@ -427,11 +545,11 @@ fn fetch_ovmf(target: Target) -> Result<String, OvmfFetchError> {
 
 #[derive(Debug, Display)]
 enum OvmfFetchError {
-    #[display(fmt = "Failed to fetch OVMF package")]
+    #[display("Failed to fetch OVMF package")]
     Fetch,
-    #[display(fmt = "No OVMF package available")]
+    #[display("No OVMF package available")]
     Empty,
-    #[display(fmt = "IO Error")]
+    #[display("IO Error")]
     Io,
 }
 
@@ -440,30 +558,33 @@ impl Context for OvmfFetchError {}
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
 enum Target {
     X86_64,
+    X86_64Avx2,
     Riscv64Virt,
     Aarch64,
 }
 
+#[allow(unused)]
 #[derive(Debug, Display)]
 enum Error {
-    #[display(fmt = "Failed to build the kernel")]
+    #[display("Failed to build the kernel")]
     Build,
-    #[display(fmt = "Missing or invalid subcommand (available: build, run)")]
+    #[display("Missing or invalid subcommand (available: build, run)")]
     InvalidSubCom,
-    #[display(fmt = "IO Error")]
+    #[display("IO Error")]
     Io,
-    #[display(fmt = "Failed to spawn a process")]
+    #[display("Failed to spawn a process")]
     ProcessSpawn,
-    #[display(fmt = "Failed to fetch UEFI firmware")]
+    #[display("Failed to fetch UEFI firmware")]
     OvmfFetch,
-    #[display(fmt = "Failed to assemble Holey Bytes code")]
+    #[display("Failed to assemble Holey Bytes code")]
     Assembler,
-    #[display(fmt = "QEMU Error: {}", "fmt_qemu_err(*_0)")]
+    #[display("QEMU Error: {}", "fmt_qemu_err(*_0)")]
     Qemu(Option<i32>),
 }
 
 impl Context for Error {}
 
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 fn fmt_qemu_err(e: Option<i32>) -> impl Display {
     struct W(Option<i32>);
     impl Display for W {

rust-toolchain.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 [toolchain]
-channel = "nightly-2024-05-17"
+# old toolchain
+# channel = "nightly-2024-07-27"
+channel = "nightly-2024-11-20"
 components = ["rust-src", "llvm-tools"]

sysdata/assets/consolefonts/tamsyn/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Tamsyn font is free.  You are hereby granted permission to use, copy, modify,
+and distribute it as you see fit.
+
+Tamsyn font is provided "as is" without any express or implied warranty.
+
+The author makes no representations about the suitability of this font for
+a particular purpose.
+
+In no event will the author be held liable for damages arising from the use
+of this font.

sysdata/idl/abc/src/protocol.aidl

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-protocol abc {
-                }

sysdata/idl/log/src/protocol.aidl

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+@auto_increment
+enum LogLevel {
+    Error = 0,
+    Warn,
+    Info,
+    Debug,
+    Trace,
+}
+
+@auto_increment
+enum LogResult {
+    Err = 0,
+    Ok,
+}
+
+struct Log {
+    log_level: LogLevel,
+}
+
+@visibility(public)
+protocol Log {
+    fn log(Log) -> LogResult;
+    fn flush() -> LogResult;
+}

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/examples/horizontal.lui

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(horizontal
+    spacing : 10
+    (label "hi")
+    (label "goodbye"))

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/examples/label.lui

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+(label "hello")

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/examples/vertical.lui

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+(vertical
+    (label "hello")
+    (label "hello" color:red))

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/element.hb

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-Element := struct {
-    width: int,
-    height: int, 
-
-    x: u16,
-    y: u16,
-
-    id: int,
-}
-
-create_element := fn(): Element {
-    return Element.(0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
-}
-

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/frame.hb

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-FrameID := struct {
-
-}

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/lib.hb

@@ -1,12 +1,49 @@
+stn := @use("../../stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{string, memory, buffer, log} := stn
+
+render := @use("../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb")
+
+input := @use("../../intouch/src/lib.hb")
+
+widgets := @use("widgets/widgets.hb")
+ui := @use("ui.hb")
+
 WindowID := struct {
 	host_id: int,
 	window_id: int,
 }
 
-create_window := fn(): WindowID {
-	return WindowID.(1, 2)
-}
+VoidWindowID := WindowID.(0, 0)
 
-update_ui := fn(window_id: WindowID): void {
-	return
+create_window := fn(channel: int): ^render.Surface {
+	// get the horizon buffer
+	// request a new window and provide the callback buffer
+	// wait to recieve a message
+
+	windowing_system_buffer := buffer.search("XHorizon\0")
+	mem_buf := memory.request_page(1)
+
+	if windowing_system_buffer == 0 {
+		return @as(^render.Surface, idk)
+	} else {
+		// ! bad able, stop using string messages :ragey:
+		// msg := "\{01}\0"
+		// msg_length := 2
+
+		// @as(void, @eca(3, windowing_system_buffer, msg, msg_length))
+
+		x := 0
+		loop if x > 1000 break else x += 1
+
+		ret := buffer.recv([u8; 4096], windowing_system_buffer, mem_buf)
+		if ret == null {
+			log.info("No messages\0")
+		}
+
+		if *mem_buf == 0 {
+			log.info("No messages\0")
+		}
+
+		return @as(^render.Surface, idk)
+	}
 }

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/text.hb

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-ui_lisp_text_example := "(text id_1)\0";
-
-

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/ui.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+stn := @use("../../../libraries/stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{string, log} := stn;
+.{Vec2} := stn.math
+
+render := @use("../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface} := render;
+.{Font} := render.text
+
+UI := struct {raw: ^u8, raw_length: uint, is_dirty: bool, surface: Surface, // Each child has their WidgetType as their first byte
+// children: ^^u8,
+}
+
+render_ui := fn(surface: Surface, ui: UI): void {
+	if ui.is_dirty {
+		render.clear(ui.surface, render.black)
+		ui.is_dirty = false
+	}
+	pos := Vec2(uint).(0, 0)
+	render.put_surface(surface, ui.surface, pos, false)
+}
+
+sexpr_parser := fn(sexpr: ^u8): UI {
+	cursor := sexpr
+	paren_balance := 0
+	loop {
+		if *cursor == 0 {
+			if paren_balance != 0 {
+				log.error("Unbalanced Parens\0")
+			}
+			break
+		} else if *cursor == 40 {
+			log.info("Open paren\0")
+			paren_balance += 1
+		} else if *cursor == 41 {
+			log.info("Closed paren\0")
+			paren_balance -= 1
+		}
+
+		cursor += 1
+	}
+
+	length := string.length(sexpr)
+
+	ui_surface := render.new_surface(100, 100)
+
+	return UI.(sexpr, length, true, ui_surface)
+}

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/widgets/image.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+render := @use("../../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface} := render
+
+Image := struct {
+	magic: uint,
+	is_dirty: bool,
+	surface: Surface,
+}
+
+image_from_surface := fn(surface: Surface): Image {
+	img := Image.(4, true, surface)
+	return img
+}

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/widgets/label.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+stn := @use("../../../../libraries/stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{string, log} := stn;
+.{Vec2} := stn.math
+
+render := @use("../../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface, Color} := render;
+.{Font} := render.text
+
+Label := struct {
+	magic: uint,
+	is_dirty: bool,
+	surface: Surface,
+	text: ^u8,
+	text_length: uint,
+	bg: Color,
+	fg: Color,
+}
+
+set_label_text := fn(label: Label, text: ^u8): void {
+	text_length := string.length(text)
+
+	label.is_dirty = true
+	label.text = text
+	label.text_length = text_length
+}
+
+render_label_to_surface := fn(surface: Surface, label: Label, font: Font, pos: Vec2(uint)): void {
+	if label.is_dirty {
+		render.clear(label.surface, label.bg)
+		render.put_text(label.surface, font, .(0, 0), label.fg, label.text)
+	}
+	render.put_surface(surface, label.surface, pos, false)
+}
+
+new_label := fn(text: ^u8): Label {
+	text_surface := render.new_surface(1024, 20)
+	text_length := string.length(text)
+	label := Label.(3, true, text_surface, text, text_length, render.black, render.white)
+	return label
+}
+
+$set_color := fn(label: Label, bg: Color, fg: Color): void {
+	label.bg = bg
+	label.fg = fg
+	label.is_dirty = true
+}

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/widgets/widget_types.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+NoWidget := 0
+
+VerticalWidgetType := 1
+HorizontalWidgetType := 2
+
+LabelWidgetType := 3
+ImageWidgetType := 4

sysdata/libraries/horizon_api/src/widgets/widgets.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// Widget types
+
+// End types
+stn := @use("../../../../libraries/stn/src/lib.hb");
+.{string, log} := stn;
+.{Vec2} := stn.math
+
+render := @use("../../../../libraries/render/src/lib.hb");
+.{Surface} := render;
+.{Font} := render.text
+
+widget_types := @use("widget_types.hb")
+label := @use("label.hb")
+image := @use("image.hb")
+
+Size := struct {
+	min_width: int,
+	max_width: int,
+	min_height: int,
+	max_height: int,
+}
+
+Vertical := packed struct {
+	magic: uint,
+	// array of children, idk
+	// use a vec or linked list or whatever
+
+	children: ^^u8,
+}
+
+Horizontal := packed struct {
+	magic: uint,
+	// array of children, idk
+	// use a vec or linked list or whatever
+	children: ^^u8,
+}

sysdata/libraries/ignim/src/application.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+structures := @use("structures.hb")
+version := @use("version.hb")
+
+// Refer to here https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VkApplicationInfo.html
+ApplicationInfo := struct {
+	sType: int,
+	pNext: ^int,
+	application_name: ^u8,
+	application_version: int,
+	engine_name: ^u8,
+	engine_version: int,
+	api_version: int,
+}
+
+new_application_info := fn(app_name: ^u8, app_version: int, engine_name: ^u8, engine_version: int, api_version: int): ApplicationInfo {
+	app_info_type := structures.ApplicationInfoType
+
+	app_info := ApplicationInfo.(app_info_type, 0, app_name, app_version, engine_name, engine_version, api_version)
+
+	return app_info
+}

sysdata/libraries/ignim/src/errors.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+OutOfHostMemory := -1
+OutOfDeviceMemory := -2
+InitializationFailed := -3
+DeviceLost := -4
+MemoryMapFailed := -5
+
+LayerNotPresent := -6
+ExtensionNotPresent := -7
+FeatureNotPresent := -8
+IncompatibleDriver := -9
+TooManyObjects := -10
+FormatNotSupported := -11
+FragmentedPool := -12
+Unknown := -13

sysdata/libraries/ignim/src/extends.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Extent3D := struct {
+	width: int,
+	height: int,
+	depth: int,
+}
+
+Extent2D := struct {
+	width: int,
+	height: int,
+}

sysdata/libraries/ignim/src/instance.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+application := @use("application.hb");
+.{ApplicationInfo} := application
+
+structures := @use("structures.hb")
+errors := @use("errors.hb")
+
+// https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VkInstanceCreateInfo.html
+InstanceCreateInfo := struct {
+	sType: int,
+	pNext: int,
+	flags: int,
+	application_info: ^ApplicationInfo,
+	enabled_layer_count: int,
+	ppEnabledLayerNames: int,
+	enabled_extension_count: int,
+	ppEnabledExtensionNames: int,
+}
+
+new_create_info := fn(application_info: ^ApplicationInfo): InstanceCreateInfo {
+	create_info_type := structures.InstanceCreateInfoType
+	enabled_layer_count := 0
+
+	create_info := InstanceCreateInfo.(create_info_type, 0, 0, application_info, enabled_layer_count, 0, 0, 0)
+	return create_info
+}
+
+// TODO
+Instance := struct {inner: int}
+void_instance := fn(): Instance {
+	return Instance.(0)
+}
+
+create_instance := fn(create_info: ^InstanceCreateInfo, allocator_callback: int, new_obj: ^Instance): int {
+	return errors.IncompatibleDriver
+}

sysdata/libraries/ignim/src/lib.hb

@@ -1,7 +1,17 @@
-VK_VERSION_MAJOR := 1;
-VK_VERSION_MINOR := 0;
+application := @use("application.hb")
 
-init_vulkan := fn(): void {
+results := @use("results.hb")
+errors := @use("errors.hb")
 
-    return
+offsets := @use("offset.hb")
+extends := @use("extends.hb")
+
+rect := @use("rect.hb")
+structures := @use("structures.hb")
+instance := @use("instance.hb")
+
+version := @use("version.hb")
+
+init_vulkan := fn(): int {
+	return errors.IncompatibleDriver
 }

sysdata/libraries/ignim/src/offset.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Offset3D := struct {
+	x: int,
+	y: int,
+	z: int,
+}
+
+Offset2D := struct {
+	x: int,
+	y: int,
+}

sysdata/libraries/ignim/src/rect.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+offsets := @use("offset.hb")
+extends := @use("extends.hb")
+
+Rect2D := struct {
+	offset: offsets.Offset2D,
+	extent: extends.Extent2D,
+}

sysdata/libraries/ignim/src/results.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// NonErrors
+Success := 0
+NotReady := 1
+Timeout := 2
+EventSet := 3
+EventReset := 4
+Incomplete := 5

sysdata/libraries/ignim/src/structures.hb

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+ApplicationInfoType := 0
+InstanceCreateInfoType := 1
+DeviceQueueCreateInfo := 2
+DeviceCreateInfo := 3
+SubmitInfo := 4
+MemoryAllocateInfo := 5
+MappedMemoryRange := 6
+BindSparseInfo := 7
+
+FenceCreateInfo := 8
+SemaphoreCreateInfo := 9
+EventCreateInfo := 10
+QueryPoolCreateInfo := 11
+
+BufferCreateInfo := 12
+BufferViewCreateInfo := 13
+
+ImageCreateInfo := 14
+ImageViewCreateInfo := 15
+
+ShaderModuleCreateInfo := 16
+
+PipelineCacheCreateInfo := 17
+PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo := 18
+PipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo := 19
+PipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo := 20
+PipelineTessellationStateCreateInfo := 21
+PipelineViewportStateCreateInfo := 22
+PipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo := 23
+PipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo := 24
+PipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo := 25
+PipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo := 26
+PipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo := 27
+
+GraphicsPipelineCreateInfo := 28
+ComputePipelineCreateInfo := 29
+PipelineLayoutCreateInfo := 30
+SamplerCreateInfo := 31
+
+DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo := 32
+DescriptorPoolCreateInfo := 33
+
+DescriptorSetAllocateInfo := 34
+WriteDescriptorSet := 35
+CopyDescriptorSet := 36
+FramebufferCreateInfo := 37
+
+RenderPassCreateInfo := 38
+CommandPoolCreateInfo := 39
+
+CommandBufferAllocateInfo := 40
+CommandBufferInheritanceInfo := 41
+CommandBufferBeginInfo := 42
+
+RenderPassBeginInfo := 43
+BufferMemoryBarrier := 44
+ImageMemoryBarrier := 45
+MemoryBarrier := 46
+
+LoaderInstanceCreateInfo := 47
+LoaderDeviceCreateInfo := 48